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1923

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

1923
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
This article is about the year 1923. For the TV series, see1923 (TV series).
From top to bottom, left to right: TheGreat Kantō earthquake devastatesTokyo andYokohama, killing over 100,000 and leveling much of the region; thePopulation exchange between Greece and Turkey under theTreaty of Lausanne forcibly relocates 1.5 million people, reshaping both nations’ demographics;Hyperinflation in the Weimar Republic renders the German mark nearly worthless, causing widespread economic and social upheaval; theOccupation of the Ruhr by French and Belgian forces begins overWorld War I reparations, worsening political unrest and the economic crisis; theBeer Hall Putsch inMunich seesAdolf Hitler and theNazi Party fail to seize power, shaping Hitler’s future strategy; and theSecond Italo-Senussi War ends with Italian consolidation ofLibya, completing their colonial ambitions in North Africa.
Calendar year
Years
Millennium
2nd millennium
Centuries
Decades
Years
1923 by topic
Subject
By country
Lists of leaders
Birth and death categories
Establishments and disestablishments categories
Works category
1923 in variouscalendars
Gregorian calendar1923
MCMXXIII
Ab urbe condita2676
Armenian calendar1372
ԹՎ ՌՅՀԲ
Assyrian calendar6673
Baháʼí calendar79–80
Balinese saka calendar1844–1845
Bengali calendar1329–1330
Berber calendar2873
British Regnal year13 Geo. 5 – 14 Geo. 5
Buddhist calendar2467
Burmese calendar1285
Byzantine calendar7431–7432
Chinese calendar壬戌年 (Water Dog)
4620 or 4413
    — to —
癸亥年 (Water Pig)
4621 or 4414
Coptic calendar1639–1640
Discordian calendar3089
Ethiopian calendar1915–1916
Hebrew calendar5683–5684
Hindu calendars
 -Vikram Samvat1979–1980
 -Shaka Samvat1844–1845
 -Kali Yuga5023–5024
Holocene calendar11923
Igbo calendar923–924
Iranian calendar1301–1302
Islamic calendar1341–1342
Japanese calendarTaishō 12
(大正１２年)
Javanese calendar1853–1854
Juche calendar12
Julian calendarGregorian minus 13 days
Korean calendar4256
Minguo calendarROC 12
民國12年
Nanakshahi calendar455
Thai solar calendar2465–2466
Tibetan calendarཆུ་ཕོ་ཁྱི་ལོ་
(male Water-Dog)
2049 or 1668 or 896
    — to —
ཆུ་མོ་ཕག་ལོ་
(female Water-Boar)
2050 or 1669 or 897
Wikimedia Commons has media related to1923.

1923 (MCMXXIII) was acommon year starting on Monday of theGregorian calendar, the 1923rd year of theCommon Era (CE) andAnno Domini (AD) designations, the 923rd year of the2nd millennium, the 23rd year of the20th century, and the 4th year of the1920s decade. As of the start of 1923, the Gregorian calendar was 13 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which was relegated that February to use only by churches afterGreece adopted the Gregorian calendar.

Calendar year

In Greece, this year contained only 352 days as 13 days were skipped to achieve the calendrical switch from Julian to Gregorian Calendar. It happened there that Wednesday, 15 February(Julian Calendar) was followed by Thursday, 1 March(Gregorian Calendar).[1]

Events

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January–February

[edit]
Main articles:January 1923 andFebruary 1923

March–April

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Main articles:March 1923 andApril 1923

May–June

[edit]
Main articles:May 1923 andJune 1923

July–August

[edit]
Main articles:July 1923 andAugust 1923

September–October

[edit]
Main articles:September 1923 andOctober 1923

November–December

[edit]
Main articles:November 1923 andDecember 1923

Births

[edit]
Births
January ·February ·March ·April ·May ·June ·July ·August ·September ·October ·November ·December

January

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Norman Kirk
Lola Flores
Arvid Carlsson
Sante Spessotto
Norman Mailer

February

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Belisario Betancur
Fatmawati
Gyula Lóránt
Brendan Behan
Franco Zeffirelli

March

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Wally Schirra
Marcel Marceau

April

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Ann Miller
Albert King

May

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Anne Baxter
Heydar Aliyev
Roy Dotrice
Horst Tappert
Henry Kissinger
Rainier III

June

[edit]
Yuriko
Ninian Stephen

July

[edit]
Wojciech Jaruzelski
Harrison Dillard

August

[edit]
Shimon Peres
Pope Shenouda III of Alexandria
Richard Attenborough

September

[edit]
Peter Lawford
Lee Kuan Yew
Hank Williams
Queen Anne of Romania
Agha Ibrahim Akram

October

[edit]
Charlton Heston
Glynis Johns
Italo Calvino
Linda Darnell

November

[edit]
Loriot
Alan Shepard
Nadine Gordimer
Gloria Grahame

December

[edit]
Maria Callas
Ted Knight
Bob Barker
Freeman Dyson
René Girard

Deaths

[edit]
Deaths
January ·February ·March ·April ·May ·June ·July ·August ·September ·October ·November ·December ·Date unknown

January

[edit]
KingConstantine I of Greece
Alexandre Ribot

February

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Prince Fushimi Sadanaru
Wilhelm Röntgen

March

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Sarah Bernhardt

April

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Prince Naruhisa Kitashirakawa

May

[edit]

June

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Aleksandar Stamboliyski

July

[edit]
Warren G. Harding
Kato Tomosaburo
Hermes Rodrigues da Fonseca
Stephanos Dragoumis
Stojan Protić
Gustave Eiffel

August

[edit]

September

[edit]

October

[edit]

November

[edit]

December

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Date unknown

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Nobel Prizes

[edit]

References

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to1923.
  1. ^"Calendar for Year 1923 (Greece)".timeanddate.com. RetrievedJune 19, 2024.
  2. ^"The Dawn of TIME: The Magazine Turns 100 | The New York Historical".www.nyhistory.org. RetrievedAugust 5, 2025.
  3. ^Mariz Tadros (March 18–24, 1999)."Unity in diversity".Al Ahram Weekly (421). Archived fromthe original on May 30, 2014. RetrievedSeptember 30, 2014.
  4. ^Earl L. Sullivan (January 1, 1986).Women in Egyptian Public Life. Syracuse University Press. p. 172.ISBN 978-0-8156-2354-0. RetrievedOctober 6, 2014.
  5. ^Nadje S. Al Ali (January 2002)."Women's Movements in the Middle East: Case Studies of Egypt and Turkey"(Report). SOAS.Archived(PDF) from the original on October 9, 2022. RetrievedSeptember 21, 2014.
  6. ^"History of Dobrolyot /Russian Society of Voluntary Air Fleet/".Medals of Asia. RetrievedApril 6, 2025.
  7. ^"Constitutional history at a glance".Al-Ahram Weekly On-line. March 3–9, 2005. Archived fromthe original on March 8, 2005. RetrievedDecember 11, 2013.
  8. ^"King George VI | The Canadian Encyclopedia".thecanadianencyclopedia.ca. RetrievedDecember 4, 2022.
  9. ^"Snowstorm of May 9th, 1923".National Weather Service.NOAA. Archived fromthe original on April 17, 2014. RetrievedAugust 25, 2013.
  10. ^Emery, Katherine (March 31, 2023)."Andrew Bonar Law | Parliamentary Archives: Inside the Act Room". RetrievedSeptember 16, 2025.
  11. ^"Remembering the Great Kanto Earthquake killingsーNHK WORLD-JAPAN NEWS" – via YouTube.
  12. ^"Un-remembering the Massacre: How Japan's "History Wars" are Challenging Research Integrity Domestically and Abroad". October 25, 2021.
  13. ^"Yokohama recalls texts describing 1923 'massacre' of Koreans".The Japan Times. August 29, 2013. Archived fromthe original on March 3, 2018. RetrievedMarch 3, 2018.
  14. ^"1923 Kanto Earthquake Massacre seen through American viewpoints".The Korea Times. August 31, 2016. RetrievedMarch 3, 2018.
  15. ^Named and commissioned October 10.Hayward, John T. (August 1978). "Comment and Discussion".United States Naval Institute Proceedings.
  16. ^Ishitobi, Noriki (September 12, 2022)."Director shining a light on the 'dark history' of 1923 killings".The Asahi Shimbun. RetrievedSeptember 30, 2023.
  17. ^Kyodo News (September 2023)."FEATURE: Efforts ongoing to shed light on 1923 Kanto quake's Korean massacre".Kyodo News. RetrievedSeptember 30, 2023.
  18. ^Gunji, Yasushi (September 6, 2023)."Panic, false rumors and massacre: martial law amid 1923 Kanto quake".Kyodo News. RetrievedSeptember 30, 2023.
  19. ^"1923 Police Strike".Marvellous Melbourne.Museum Victoria. Archived fromthe original on April 13, 2008. RetrievedFebruary 19, 2018.
  20. ^Tonge, Stephen."Weimar Germany 1919–1933".A Web of English History. RetrievedMarch 14, 2012.
  21. ^Thomson, David (2002).The New Biographical Dictionary of Film. New York City:Alfred A. Knopf. p. 155.ISBN 9780375411281.
  22. ^James Campbell (November 12, 2007)."Obituary: Norman Mailer".The Guardian.Archived from the original on October 7, 2015. RetrievedOctober 11, 2015.
  23. ^"Antony Flew | English philosopher".Encyclopædia Britannica. RetrievedNovember 7, 2024.
  24. ^"Josette Molland obituary: painter who joined the French Resistance".The Times. March 12, 2024. RetrievedOctober 5, 2025.
  25. ^"Fédération Française de Football – Désiré Carré".www.fff.fr. 2022. RetrievedMarch 26, 2025.
  26. ^"Dorothy Hewett".AustLit. January 28, 2015. RetrievedApril 11, 2022.
  27. ^Eccleshare, Julia (May 23, 2019)."Judith Kerr obituary".The Guardian. RetrievedJune 6, 2019.
  28. ^"Odeszła na wieczną wartę – Wanda Janicka ps. "Zofia"".1bltr.wp.mil.pl. Archived fromthe original on January 24, 2024. RetrievedSeptember 9, 2024.
  29. ^Contemporary Dramatists. St. James Press. 1993. p. 6.ISBN 978-1-55862-185-5.
  30. ^"Indian Army List For October I Part 1". 1945.
  31. ^Smith, Lyn (1993).Swann's Way: A Life in Song. London: Arthur James Limited. p. 297.ISBN 0-85305-329-4.
  32. ^British Film and Television Yearbook. British and American Film Press. 1956. p. 178.
  33. ^Reid, Panthea (1996).Art and Affection: A Life of Virginia Woolf. Oxford University Press. p. 262.ISBN 978-0-19-510195-9.
  34. ^"Olympedia – Michel Théato".olympedia.org.
  35. ^The Quarterly Review of Historical Studies. Institute of Historical Studies. 1995. p. 38.
  36. ^"Charles Proteus Steinmetz (1865-1923)".
  37. ^Michael Sollars; Arbolina Llamas Jennings (2008).The Facts on File Companion to the World Novel: 1900 to the Present. Infobase Publishing. p. 60.ISBN 978-1-4381-0836-0.
Events by month
1927
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1923
1922
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1919
1918
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