The1910 Chalmers Award was an event in the history of Major League Baseball, marking one of the first attempts to honor the sport's top players. Introduced byHugh Chalmers, president of theChalmers Motor Car Company, the award promised a Chalmers Model 30, a luxurious automobile, to the player with the highest batting average in theMajor Leagues for the 1910 season. This initiative symbolized the emerging relationship between sports and commercial endorsements.
The award became the center of a major controversy involvingTy Cobb of theDetroit Tigers andNapoleon Lajoie of theCleveland Naps, both future Hall of Famers. The competition for the title was intense, culminating in a scandalous final day of the season where tactics employed by theSt. Louis Browns, playing against Lajoie, were questioned for their fairness. Ultimately, the scandal resulted in both Cobb and Lajoie receiving the award in a rare decision by Chalmers.
The 1910 Chalmers Award is notable not only for the controversy it engendered but also for its role in shaping future accolades in baseball. It set a precedent for recognizing player excellence, leading to the development of theMost Valuable Player Award in subsequent decades. The Chalmers Award was presented annually until 1914, after which it was discontinued due to economic reasons.
Before the1910 Major League Baseball season,Hugh Chalmers of theChalmers Automobile Company announced a promotion in which a Chalmers Model 30 automobile would be given to thebatting champions for Major League Baseball'sAmerican andNational Leagues.[1]
At the start of the final day of the season, Ty Cobb of theDetroit Tigers held a slim lead in the race for the American League batting title, just a few percentage points ahead of theCleveland Naps' Nap Lajoie.[2] Cobb was generally disliked by opponents, whereas Lajoie was more popular.[2]
Cobb did not play in the Tigers' final two games of the season,[3] and he finished with a batting average of .385.[2]
Lajoie played in adoubleheader on the last day of the season against theSt. Louis Browns. BrownsmanagerJack O'Connor allegedly ordered rookie third basemanRed Corriden to play on the outfield grass.[2] This all but conceded a hit for any ball Lajoie bunted. Lajoie had eighthits in eightat bats and finished the season with a .384 batting average (227 hits in 591 at-bats).[2] His final at-bat resulted in a wild throw tofirst base, which was scored as anerror.[2] Under baseball rules, when a player reaches base on a fielding error, it is treated as a hitless at-bat, thus lowering his batting average.[2]
After news broke of the scandal, a writer for theSt. Louis Post claimed: "All St. Louis is up in arms over the deplorable spectacle, conceived in stupidity and executed in jealousy." The issue was brought to American League presidentBan Johnson, who declared all batting averages official, and Cobb the champion (.385069 to .384095). Chalmers, however, awarded automobiles to both Cobb and Lajoie (essentially declaring a tie).[1] O'Connor and coachHarry Howell, who tried to bribe the official scorer to change the error to a hit, were banned from baseball for their role in the affair.[4]
Chalmers gave an award to the league's most valuable player the following season instead of the player with the highest batting average.[2] Cobb won theChalmers Award in 1911 in his best year, hitting .420. Chalmers continued the award through the1914 season, after which it was discontinued.[2] Chalmers ceased to exist in 1923, although it was a predecessor to the modern companyChrysler. Cobb and Lajoie were eventually elected into theBaseball Hall of Fame.[2]
In 1978, sports statisticianPete Palmer discovered a 1910 discrepancy in Cobb's career hit total, and the story was broken byThe Sporting News in April 1981.[5] Cobb is credited with 4,191-lifetime hits (still the total on MLB.com), but a 1910 Detroit Tigers box score was counted twice in the season-ending calculations. The mistake caused the statisticians to give Cobb an extra 2-for-3, which credited Cobb with two non-existent hits and erroneously raised his 1910 batting average from .383 to .385.[2] As Lajoie had a .384 average for the season, the revised figure would have cost Cobb one of his 12 batting titles, reduced his career average to .366, and given the 1910 batting championship to Lajoie.[2] The mathematical mistake was described by one writer as follows: "It could be said that 1910 produced two bogus leading batting averages and one questionable champion."[6]
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