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30 of the 90 seats in theUnited States Senate (as well as special elections) 46 seats needed for a majority | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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 Results of the elections: Democratic hold Republican gain Republican hold Legislature failed to elect | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The1906–07 United States Senate elections were held on various dates in various states. As theseU.S. Senate elections were prior to the ratification of theSeventeenth Amendment in 1913, senators were chosen bystate legislatures. Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1906 and 1907, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due tolegislative deadlock.[1] In these elections, terms were up for the senators inClass 2.
TheRepublican Party gained three seats in theUnited States Senate, expanding their majority to more twice that of the opposingDemocratic Party. The elections were held alongside the1906 House of Representatives elections, which saw a significant Democratic gain in contrast to the Senate elections.
InGeorgia, the legislature failed to elect until shortly after the beginning of the60th Congress on March 4. InRhode Island, the legislature deadlocked and did not elect a Senator until well into 1908.
Senate party division,60th Congress (1907–1909)
At the beginning of 1906.
| D1 | D2 | D3 | D4 | D5 | |||||
| D15 | D14 | D13 | D12 | D11 | D10 | D9 | D8 | D7 | D6 |
| D16 | D17 | D18 | D19 Al. Ran | D20 Ar. Ran | D21 Co. Retired | D22 Ga. Ran | D23 Id. Ran | D24 Ky. Ran | D25 La. Ran |
| R56 W.V. Ran | R57 Wyo. Ran | D33 Va. Ran | D32 Tex. Ran | D31 Tenn. Ran | D30 S.C. Ran | D29 Or. Retired | D28 N.C. Ran | D27 Mont. Retired | D26 Miss. Ran |
| R55 S.D. Ran | R54 R.I. Ran | R53 N.J. Ran | R52 N.H. Ran | R51 Neb. Retired | R50 Minn. Ran | R49 Mich. Retired | R48 Mass. Ran | R47 Me. Ran | R46 Kan. Ran |
| Majority → | |||||||||
| R36 | R37 | R38 | R39 | R40 | R41 | R42 | R43 Del. Retired | R44 Ill. Ran | R45 Ia. Ran |
| R35 | R34 | R33 | R32 | R31 | R30 | R29 | R28 | R27 | R26 |
| R16 | R17 | R18 | R19 | R20 | R21 | R22 | R23 | R24 | R25 |
| R15 | R14 | R13 | R12 | R11 | R10 | R9 | R8 | R7 | R6 |
| R1 | R2 | R3 | R4 | R5 | |||||
| D1 | D2 | D3 | D4 | D5 | |||||
| D15 | D14 | D13 | D12 | D11 | D10 | D9 | D8 | D7 | D6 |
| D16 | D17 | D18 | D19 Re-elected | D20 Re-elected | D21 Re-elected | D22 Re-elected | D23 Re-elected | D24 Re-elected | D25 Re-elected |
| R56 Hold | R57 Gain | R58 Gain | R59 Gain | R60 Gain | V1 R.I. R Loss | V2 Ga. D Loss | D28 Hold | D27 Hold | D26 Hold |
| R55 Hold | R54 Hold | R53 Hold | R52 Hold | R51 Re-elected | R50 Re-elected | R49 Re-elected | R48 Re-elected | R47 Re-elected | R46 Re-elected |
| Majority→ | R45 Re-elected | ||||||||
| R36 | R37 | R38 | R39 | R40 | R41 | R42 | R43 Re-elected | R44 Re-elected | |
| R35 | R34 | R33 | R32 | R31 | R30 | R29 | R28 | R27 | R26 |
| R16 | R17 | R18 | R19 | R20 | R21 | R22 | R23 | R24 | R25 |
| R15 | R14 | R13 | R12 | R11 | R10 | R9 | R8 | R7 | R6 |
| R1 | R2 | R3 | R4 | R5 | |||||
| D1 | D2 | D3 | D4 | D5 | |||||
| D15 | D14 | D13 | D12 | D11 | D10 | D9 | D8 | D7 | D6 |
| D16 | D17 | D18 | D19 | D20 | D21 | D22 | D23 | D24 | D25 |
| R56 | R57 | R58 | R59 | R60 | V1 R.I. | D29 Ga. Appointed | D28 | D27 | D26 |
| R55 | R54 | R53 | R52 | R51 | R50 | R49 | R48 | R47 | R46 |
| Majority→ | R45 | ||||||||
| R36 | R37 | R38 | R39 | R40 | R41 | R42 | R43 | R44 | |
| R35 | R34 | R33 | R32 | R31 | R30 | R29 | R28 | R27 | R26 |
| R16 | R17 | R18 | R19 | R20 | R21 | R22 | R23 | R24 | R25 |
| R15 | R14 | R13 | R12 | R11 | R10 | R9 | R8 | R7 | R6 |
| R1 | R2 | R3 | R4 | R5 | |||||
| Key |
|
|---|
In these elections, the winners were seated during 1906 or in 1907 before March 4; ordered by election date.
| State | Incumbent | Results | Candidates | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Senator | Party | Electoral history | |||
| Delaware (Class 1) | Vacant | Legislature had previously failed to elect. New senator elected June 12, 1906. Republican gain.[2] |
| ||
| Kansas (Class 2) | Alfred W. Benson | Republican | 1906(appointed) | Interim appointee lost election. New senator elected January 22, 1907. Republican hold. Winner was also elected to the next term; see below. |
|
| Oregon (Class 2) | John M. Gearin | Democratic | 1905(appointed) | Interim appointee retired January 22, 1907, when successor elected. New senator elected January 22, 1907, ratifying popular selection made in 1906 state elections.[4][5][6] Republican gain. Winner was not elected to the next term; see below. |
|
| Michigan (Class 2) | Russell A. Alger | Republican | 1902(appointed) 1903(special) | Incumbent died January 24, 1907. New senator elected February 5, 1907.[6] Republican hold. Winner had already been elected to the next term; see below. |
|
In this election, the winner was seated March 4, 1909, in the 61st Congress.
| State | Incumbent | Results | Candidates | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Senator | Party | Electoral history | |||
| Alabama (Class 3) | Edmund Pettus | Democratic | 1903 | Incumbentre-elected early January 22, 1907, for the term beginning March 4, 1909.[3] Winner died July 27, 1907, and a new senator was elected early August 6, 1907.[3] | July 27, 1907:
August 6, 1907:
|
In these regular elections, the winners were elected for the term beginning March 4, 1907; ordered by state.
All of the elections involved the Class 2 seats.
| State | Incumbent | Results | Candidates | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Senator | Party | Electoral history | |||
| Alabama | John T. Morgan | Democratic | 1876 1882 1888 1894 1900 | Incumbent re-elected January 22, 1907.[4][3] Winner died June 11, 1907, and a new senator was appointed June 17. Interim appointee elected July 16, 1907.[3] | January 22, 1907:
July 16, 1907:
|
| Arkansas | James H. Berry | Democratic | 1885(special) 1889 1895 1901 | Incumbent lost re-election. Winner elected January 29, 1907.[3] Democratic hold. |
|
| Colorado | Thomas Patterson | Democratic | 1901 | Incumbent retired. New senator elected January 16, 1907. Republican gain. |
|
| Delaware | J. Frank Allee | Republican | 1903(special) | Incumbent retired. New senator elected January 16, 1907. Republican hold. |
|
| Georgia | Augustus O. Bacon | Democratic | 1894 1900 | Incumbent ran, but legislature failed to elect. Democratic loss. Incumbent was appointed to start the term and was later elected to finish the term; see below. | ▌Augustus O. Bacon (Democratic) [data missing] |
| Idaho | Fred Dubois | Democratic | 1890 1897(lost) 1901 | Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected January 15, 1907. Republican gain. |
|
| Illinois | Shelby M. Cullom | Republican | 1882 1888 1894 1901 | Incumbent re-elected January 22, 1907.[4] |
|
| Iowa | Jonathan Dolliver | Republican | 1900(appointed) 1901(appointed) 1902(special) | Incumbent re-elected January 23, 1907. |
|
| Kansas | Alfred W. Benson | Republican | 1906(appointed) | Interim appointee lost election. New senator elected January 22, 1907. Republican hold. Winner was also elected to finish the term; see above. |
|
| Kentucky | J. C. S. Blackburn | Democratic | 1884 1890 1897(lost) 1900 | Incumbent lost renomination. New senatorelected January 16, 1906, after an election on January 9, 1906.[2][9] Democratic hold. |
|
| Louisiana | Murphy J. Foster | Democratic | 1900 | Incumbentre-elected early May 18, 1904.[10] |
|
| Maine | William P. Frye | Republican | 1881(special) 1883 1889 1895 1901 | Incumbent re-elected January 15, 1907.[3] |
|
| Massachusetts | Winthrop Crane | Republican | 1904(appointed) 1905(special) | Incumbent re-elected January 15, 1907. |
|
| Michigan | Russell A. Alger | Republican | 1902(appointed) 1903(special) | Incumbent retired. New senator elected January 15, 1907.[6] Republican hold. Winner was subsequently elected to finish the current term; see above. |
|
| Minnesota | Knute Nelson | Republican | 1895 1901 | Incumbent re-elected January 22, 1907.[4] |
|
| Mississippi | Anselm J. McLaurin | Democratic | 1894(special) 1900 | Incumbent re-elected early January 19, 1904.[12] |
|
| Montana | William Clark | Democratic | 1899 1900(resigned) 1901 | Incumbent retired. New senator elected January 16, 1907.[6] Republican gain. |
|
| Nebraska | Joseph Millard | Republican | 1901(special) | Incumbent retired. New senator elected January 15, 1907.[6] Republican hold. |
|
| New Hampshire | Henry E. Burnham | Republican | 1901 | Incumbent re-elected January 15, 1907.[6][13] |
|
| New Jersey | John F. Dryden | Republican | 1902(special) | Incumbent withdrew from renomination. New senator elected February 5, 1907.[6] Republican hold. |
|
| North Carolina | F. M. Simmons | Democratic | 1901 | Incumbent re-elected January 22, 1907.[4][6] |
|
| Oregon | John M. Gearin | Democratic | 1905(appointed) | Interim appointee retired. New senator elected January 2, 1907, ratifying popular selection made in 1906 state elections.[4][5][6] Republican gain. |
|
| Rhode Island | George P. Wetmore | Republican | 1894 1900 | Legislature failed to elect.[4][15] Republican loss. |
|
| South Carolina | Benjamin Tillman | Democratic | 1894 1901 | Incumbent re-elected January 22, 1907.[4][16] |
|
| South Dakota | Robert J. Gamble | Republican | 1901 | Incumbent re-elected January 22, 1907.[16] |
|
| Tennessee | Edward W. Carmack | Democratic | 1901 | Incumbent lost renomination.[16] New senator elected January 15, 1907. Democratic hold. |
|
| Texas | Joseph W. Bailey | Democratic | 1901 | Incumbent re-elected January 22, 1907.[17] |
|
| Virginia | Thomas S. Martin | Democratic | 1893(early) 1899(early) | Incumbent re-elected January 24, 1906.[18] |
|
| West Virginia | Stephen B. Elkins | Republican | 1895 1901 | Incumbent re-elected January 22, 1907.[4][16] |
|
| Wyoming | Francis E. Warren | Republican | 1890 1893(lost) 1895 1901 | Incumbent re-elected January 22, 1907.[4][16] |
|
In these elections, the winners were elected in 1907 after March 4; sorted by election date.
| State | Incumbent | Results | Candidates | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Senator | Party | Electoral history | |||
| Wisconsin (Class 3) | John C. Spooner | Republican | 1897 1903 | Incumbent resigned April 30, 1907. New senatorelected May 17, 1907.[16] Republican hold. |
|
| Georgia (Class 2) | Augustus O. Bacon | Democratic | 1894 1900 1907(appointed) | Interim appointee elected July 9, 1907. |
|
| Alabama (Class 2) | John H. Bankhead | Democratic | 1907(appointed) | John T. Morgan (D), having just been re-elected (see above), died June 11, 1907. Interim appointee elected July 16, 1907. |
|
| Alabama (Class 3) | Edmund Pettus | Democratic | 1903 1907 | Incumbent, having just been re-elected, died July 27, 1907. New senator elected August 6, 1907. Democratic hold. |
|
| New senator was also elected early August 6, 1907, to the term beginning March 4, 1909.[3] |
| ||||
| Oklahoma (Class 2) | None (new state) | First senators elected December 10, 1907.[6] Democratic gain. |
| ||
| Oklahoma (Class 3) | First senators elected December 10, 1907.[6] Democratic gain. |
| |||
The two new senators,John H. Bankhead andJoseph F. Johnston, were named "alternate" senators at the state Democratic primary in 1906. The men who would beat them[19] both died so Bankhead and Johnston were elected in their places.
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Five-term DemocratJohn Tyler Morgan was re-elected January 22, 1907.[19]
Morgan died June 11, 1907, just three months into his sixth term.[20] DemocratJohn H. Bankhead was appointed June 18, 1907, to continue the term,[21] pending a July 16, 1907, special election, which he won.
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Two-term DemocratEdmund Pettus was re-elected early on January 22, 1907, for the term that would begin in 1909.[19][22]
Pettus died July 27, 1907, even before his new term was supposed to begin.[20] DemocratJoseph F. Johnston was elected August 6, 1907, both to finish the term and to the next term.
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