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1900 United States elections

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1900 United States elections
1898        1899        1900        1901        1902
Presidential election year
Election dayNovember 6
Incumbent presidentWilliam McKinley (Republican)
Next Congress57th
Presidential election
Partisan controlRepublican hold
Popular vote marginRepublican +6.1%
Electoral vote
William McKinley (R)292
William Jennings Bryan (D)155
1900 presidential election results.Red denotes states won by McKinley,blue denotes states won by Bryan. Numbers indicate theelectoral votes won by each candidate.
Senate elections
Overall controlRepublican hold
Seats contested30 of 90 seats[1]
Net seat changeDemocratic +2[2]
Results of the elections:
     Democratic gain     Democratic hold
     Republican gain     Republican hold
     Silver Republican gain     Silver Republican hold
     Legislature failed to elect
House elections
Overall controlRepublican hold
Seats contestedAll 357 voting members
Net seat changeRepublican +13[2]
Gubernatorial elections
Seats contested34
Net seat changeRepublican +3
1900 gubernatorial election results

  Democratic gain  Democratic hold

  Republican gain  Republican hold

Elections were held for the57th United States Congress. The election was held during theFourth Party System. Republicans retained control of the presidency and both houses of Congress, while third parties suffered defeats.

In a re-match of the 1896 presidential election,Republican PresidentWilliam McKinley defeatedDemocratic former RepresentativeWilliam Jennings Bryan ofNebraska.[3] McKinley's previous running mate, Vice PresidentGarret Hobart, had died in office, so the Republicans nominatedNew York GovernorTheodore Roosevelt as their vice presidential candidate. McKinley again won by a comfortable margin in both the popular vote and the electoral college, and he picked up a handful of states in the West and the Midwest. McKinley's win made him the first sitting president to win re-election sinceUlysses S. Grant in1872.

Republicans won minor gains in theHouse, maintaining their majority.[4]

In theSenate, the Democrats made moderate gains while thePopulist Party lost three seats. Republicans continued to maintain a commanding majority in the chamber.[5]

See also

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References

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  1. ^Not counting special elections.
  2. ^abCongressional seat gain figures only reflect the results of the regularly-scheduled elections, and do not take special elections into account.
  3. ^"1900 Presidential Election".The American Presidency Project. RetrievedJune 25, 2014.
  4. ^"Party Divisions of the House of Representatives". United States House of Representatives. RetrievedJune 25, 2014.
  5. ^"Party Division in the Senate, 1789-Present". United States Senate. RetrievedJune 25, 2014.

Further reading

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  • Bailey, John W. Jr. (1973). "The Presidential Election of 1900 in Nebraska: McKinley over Bryan".Nebraska History.54 (4):561–584.ISSN 0028-1859.
  • Bailey, Thomas A. (1937). "Was the Presidential Election of 1900 a Mandate on Imperialism?".Mississippi Valley Historical Review.24 (1):43–52.doi:10.2307/1891336.JSTOR 1891336.
  • Beeby, James M. "Red Shirt Violence, Election Fraud, and the Demise of the Populist Party in North Carolina's Third Congressional District, 1900."North Carolina Historical Review 85.1 (2008): 1-28.online
  • Bloch, Herman D. "The New York Afro-American's Struggle for Political Rights and the Emergence of Political Recognition, 1865–1900."International Review of Social History 13.3 (1968): 321–349.online
  • Brands, Henry William.The reckless decade: America in the 1890s (U of Chicago Press, 2002).
  • Brown, M. Craig, and Barbara D. Warner. "Immigrants, urban politics, and policing in 1900."American Sociological Review (1992): 293–305.online
  • Coletta, Paolo E. (1964).William Jennings Bryan. Vol. 1. University of Nebraska Press.
  • Connolly, James J.The Triumph of Ethnic Progressivism: Urban Political Culture in Boston, 1900-1925 (Harvard UP, 2009).
  • Fishel, Leslie H. "The Negro in Northern Politics, 1870-1900."Mississippi Valley Historical Review 42.3 (1955): 466–489.online
  • Hair, William Ivy.Bourbonism and Agrarian Protest: Louisiana Politics, 1877--1900 (LSU Press, 1969).
  • Harrington, Fred H. (1935). "The Anti-Imperialist Movement in the United States, 1898–1900".Mississippi Valley Historical Review.22 (2):211–230.doi:10.2307/1898467.JSTOR 1898467.
  • Hilpert, John M. (2015)American Cyclone: Theodore Roosevelt and His 1900 Whistle-Stop Campaign (U Press of Mississippi, 2015), 349 pp.
  • Kalisch, Philip A. "The Black Death in Chinatown: Plague and Politics in San Francisco 1900-1904."Arizona and the West 14.2 (1972): 113–136.online
  • McKinney, Gordon B.Southern Mountain Republicans 1865-1900: Politics and the Appalachian Community (U North Carolina Press, 1978).
  • Moneyhon, Carl H. "Black Politics in Arkansas during the Gilded Age, 1876-1900."Arkansas Historical Quarterly 44.3 (1985): 222–245.online
  • Morgan, H. Wayne (1966). "William McKinley as a Political Leader".Review of Politics.28 (4):417–432.doi:10.1017/S0034670500013188.JSTOR 1405280.S2CID 145544412.
  • Quince, Charles.Resistance to the Spanish-American and Philippine Wars: Anti-imperialism and the Role of the Press, 1895-1902 (McFarland, 2017).
  • Schlup, Leonard (1986). "In the Shadow of Bryan: Adlai E. Stevenson and the Resurgence of Conservatism at the 1900 Convention".Nebraska History.67 (3):224–238.ISSN 0028-1859.
  • Thelen, David Paul.The new citizenship: Origins of progressivism in Wisconsin, 1885-1900 (U of Missouri Press, 1972).
  • Tompkins, E. Berkeley (1967). "Scilla and Charybdis: the Anti-imperialist Dilemma in the Election of 1900".Pacific Historical Review.36 (2):143–161.doi:10.2307/3636719.JSTOR 3636719.

Primary sources

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  • Bryan, William Jennings. "The Election of 1900," pp. 788–801Bryan gives his analysis of why he lost
  • Stevenson, Adlai E., et al. "Bryan or McKinley? The Present Duty of American Citizens,"The North American Review Vol. 171, No. 527 (Oct. 1900), pp. 433–516in JSTOR political statements by politicians on all sides, including Adlai E. Stevenson, B. R. Tillman, Edward M. Shepard, Richard Croker, Erving Winslow, Charles Emory Smith, G. F. Hoar, T. C. Platt, W. M. Stewart, Andrew Carnegie, and James H. Eckels
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