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68 (of the 136[1][a]) seats to theMalolos Congress | |||||||||||||
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 Philippines portal |
The elections for theMalolos Congress, also known as the Revolutionary Congress, were held in thePhilippines from June 23 to September 10, 1898.
These were the first elections for a national legislature in the Philippines. The Spanish colonial government heldelections in 1895 across the Philippines but for local municipal officers only. Many parts of theVisayas andMindanao did not elect representatives and as a result their representatives were appointed later on.
The first fully elected national legislative body occurred under American rule with the1907 Philippine Assembly elections as the only elected house of thebicameralPhilippine Legislature.
Following the defeat of the Spanish at theBattle of Manila Bay during theSpanish–American War on May 1, 1898, by theAmerican Navy, Philippine revolutionary forces underEmilio Aguinaldo declared thePhilippines to be an independent nation on June 12, 1898. TheRevolutionary Government of the Philippines held these elections following that declaration.
After the Spanish sold the Philippines to the Americans in theTreaty of Paris of 1898, signed on December 10, 1898, theFirst Philippine Republic, which includes the Malolos Congress, fought thePhilippine–American War against the American colonial forces, eventually losing the war.
There would not be another attempt at national legislative election until the1907 elections which established thePhilippine Assembly. The Assembly, unlike the Malolos Congress, was fully elected but it was only one house of abicameral legislature, thePhilippine Legislature, the other house being the unelectedPhilippine Commission.
The manner of election of delegates was via a series ofindirect elections. In districts where the delegates were not appointed by the government, the manner of election was as follows:[2]
The following is a list of congress officers elected.
| Position | Name |
|---|---|
| President | Pedro A. Paterno |
| Vice-president | Benito Legarda |
| Secretary | Gregorio S. Araneta |
| Pablo Ocampo |
Paterno defeated GeneralAntonio Luna with a vote of 24–23; Legarda against Aguedo Velarde with 21–9; and Araneta and Ocampo won with 31 and 27 votes, respectively.[3]
The following is a list of congress members by province as of July 7, 1899.[1][4]
| Province | Elected | Appointed[b] |
|---|---|---|
| Manila | 4 | 0 |
| Ambos Camarines | 4 | 0 |
| Batangas | 4 | 0 |
| Bulacan | 4 | 0 |
| Cavite | 4 | 0 |
| Ilocos Norte | 6 | 0 |
| Ilocos Sur | 3 | 1 |
| Laguna | 4 | 0 |
| Pampanga | 4 | 0 |
| Pangasinan | 2 | 2 |
| Iloilo | 0 | 4 |
| Cebu | 0 | 4 |
| Leyte | 0 | 4 |
| Albay | 4 | 1 |
| Cagayan | 1 | 2 |
| Bataan | 3 | 0 |
| Isabela | 2 | 1 |
| Union | 1 | 2 |
| Nueva Ecija | 3 | 0 |
| Tarlac | 3 | 0 |
| Zambales | 2 | 1 |
| Sorsogon | 0 | 3 |
| Negros Occidental | 0 | 3 |
| Negros Oriental | 0 | 3 |
| Samar | 0 | 3 |
| Capiz | 0 | 3 |
| Antigua | 0 | 3 |
| Bohol | 0 | 3 |
| Zamboanga | 0 | 3 |
| Misamis | 0 | 3 |
| Calamianes | 0 | 3 |
| Masbate | 0 | 3 |
| Mindoro | 1 | 2 |
| Morong | 2 | 0 |
| Lepanto | 3 | 0 |
| Batanes Islands | 1 | 1 |
| Nueva Vizcaya | 1 | 1 |
| Abra | 1 | 0 |
| Padre Burgos (Benguet) | 1 | 2 |
| Catanduanes | 0 | 2 |
| Paragua | 0 | 2 |
| Totals | 68 | 68 |
| 136[1][a] | ||
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