Calendar year
1893 by topic Humanities By country Other topics Lists of leaders Birth and death categories Establishments and disestablishments categories Works category
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1893 .
1893 (MDCCCXCIII ) was acommon year starting on Sunday of theGregorian calendar and acommon year starting on Friday of theJulian calendar , the 1893rd year of theCommon Era (CE) andAnno Domini 2nd millennium , the 93rd year of the19th century , and the 4th year of the1890s decade. As of the start of 1893, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
Calendar year
January 2 : standardrailroad chronometers .March 10 :Ivory Coast becomes French colony.January 2 –Webb C. Ball introducesrailroad chronometers , which become the general railroad timepiece standards in North America.January 6 – TheWashington National Cathedral is chartered by Congress; the charter is signed by PresidentBenjamin Harrison .January 13 January 15 – TheTelefon Hírmondó Budapest .January 17 –Overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii :Lorrin A. Thurston and theCitizen's Committee of Public Safety inHawaii , with the intervention of theUnited States Marine Corps , overthrow the government of QueenLiliuokalani .January 21 – TheTati Concessions Land , formerly part ofMatabeleland , is formally annexed to theBechuanaland Protectorate (modern-dayBotswana ).February 1 –Thomas Edison finishes construction of the firstmotion picture studio inWest Orange, New Jersey .February 11 –19 –White Star Line cargo linerSS Naronic sinks without a trace in heavy seas on the Liverpool–New York transatlantic passage.February 23 –Rudolf Diesel receives a patent for thediesel engine .February 24 – TheAmerican University is established by an Act of Congress, in Washington, D.C.February 28 –USSIndiana , the firstbattleship in theUnited States Navy comparable to other nation's battleships of the time, is launched.March 6 – TheLiverpool Overhead Railway opens with 2-carelectric multiple units , the first to operate in the world.March 10 –Ivory Coast becomes a French colony.March 20 – In Belgium,Adam Worth is sentenced to 7 years for robbery (he is released in1897 ).May 1 :World's Columbian Exposition , ChicagoApril 1 – The rank ofChief Petty Officer is established in theUnited States Navy .April 6 – The iconicSalt Lake Temple ofthe Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is dedicated, after 40 years of construction.[ 1] April 8 – The first recordedcollege basketball game occurs inBeaver Falls, Pennsylvania , between theGeneva College Covenanters and theNew Brighton YMCA .April 17 May – TheFree Presbyterian Church of Scotland is formed.May 1 – The1893 World's Fair , also known as the World's Columbian Exposition, opens to the public in Chicago, Illinois. The first United States commemorativepostage stamps are issued for the event.May 5 –Panic of 1893 : A crash on theNew York Stock Exchange starts adepression .May 9 – Edison's 1½ inch system ofKinetoscope is first demonstrated in public, at the Brooklyn Institute.May 23 –Gandhi arrives in South Africa, where he will live until1914 , lead non-violent protests on behalf of Indian immigrants in theSouth African Republic (Transvaal), and develop a deeper experience of such activities.June 4 – TheAnti-Saloon League is incorporated, originally as a state organization, inOberlin, Ohio .[ 2] December 18 ,1895 , it becomes a nationwide organization. The same year, theAmerican Council on Alcohol Problems is established, along with theCommittee of Fifty for the Study of the Liquor Problem .June 6 –Wedding of Prince George, Duke of York, and Princess Mary of Teck : the future KingGeorge V of the United Kingdom marries atSt James's Palace in London.June 15 –1893 German federal election : Smallanti-Semitic parties secure 2.9% of the vote.June 17 – Gold is found inKalgoorlie , Western Australia.June 20 :Wengernalpbahn railway.June 22 : BritishMediterranean Fleet flagshipVictoria sinks.July 11 :Mikimoto develops culturedpearls .July 1 – U.S. PresidentGrover Cleveland is operated on in secret.July 6 – The small town ofPomeroy, Iowa , is nearly destroyed by a tornado; 71 people are killed and 200 injured.July 11 July 13 July 25 – TheCorinth Canal is completed in Greece.August 14 – The world's firstdriving licenses are introduced in France under the Paris Police Ordinance.[ 5] August 15 – TheIbadan area becomes a Britishprotectorate , after a treaty signed by Fijabi, theBaale of Ibadan , with the British acting Governor ofLagos , George C. Denton.August 27 – TheSea Islands hurricane hitsSavannah, Georgia ,Charleston, South Carolina , and theSea Islands , killing 1,000–2,000.September 1 –William Ewart Gladstone 'sGovernment of Ireland Bill 1893 , intended to give Ireland self-government, is rejected by the U.K. Parliament.September 7 September 11 – TheWorld Parliament of Religions opens as an adjunct to the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago; Bengali Hindu monkSwami Vivekananda receives a standing ovation for his address in response to his welcoming.September 12 –American Temperance University begins classes inHarriman, Tennessee (it closes after 15 years, in May1908 ).[ 6] September 16 – Settlers make a land run for prime land in the Cherokee Strip in Oklahoma.September 19 September 21 – BrothersCharles andFrank Duryea drive the first gasoline-poweredmotorcar in America, on public roads inSpringfield, Massachusetts .September 23 – TheBaháʼí Faith is first publicly mentioned in the United States, at theWorld Parliament of Religions in Chicago.September 27 – TheWorld Parliament of Religions holds its closing meeting in Chicago.September 28 – The Portuguesesports club Futebol Clube do Porto is founded. France conquersLaos . October 10 – The first car number plates appear inParis ,France .October 13 October 14 – A devastatinglevee collapse,flash flood andlandslide hit and damage aroundKyushu Island ,Shikoku Island and westernHonshū inJapan , due to a strongtyphoon wind; an official document reports that 2,044 people perish.[ 8] October 16 – American sistersPatty Hill andMildred J. Hill copyright their bookSong Stories for the Kindergarten including "Good Morning to All". The melody, by Mildred Hill, is later adapted, without authorization, by Robert H. Coleman as "Good Morning to You!", with the second stanza containing the words to "Happy Birthday to You ", leading to a successful copyright lawsuit by the Hill sisters in1934 .[ 9] October 23 – TheInternal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (IMRO) is founded byBulgarians , in the town ofThessaloniki . Its aim is to liberate the region of Macedonia from theOttoman Turks .October 28 (October 16O.S. ) – InSaint Petersburg (Russia),Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky conducts the first performance of hisSymphony No. 6 in B minor,Pathétique , nine days before his death.October 30 – The 1893 World's Fair, also known as theWorld's Columbian Exposition , closes.November 1 –First Matabele War :Battle of Bembezi ,British South Africa Company defeats an assault by theMatabele .November 7 –Colorado women are granted the right to vote.November 12 – TheDurand Line is established as the boundary betweenBritish India andAfghanistan , by amemorandum of understanding signed by SirMortimer Durand , Foreign Secretary of British India, andAbdur Rahman Khan ,Amir of Afghanistan .November 15 –FC Basel Association football club is founded in Switzerland.November 16 – Athletic club Královské Vinohrady, laterSparta Prague , is founded.November 26 –Arthur Conan Doyle 's story "The Adventure of the Final Problem ", published in theDecember dated issue ofThe Strand Magazine Sherlock Holmes had apparently died at theReichenbach Falls onMay 4 ,1891 .[ 10] December December 4 –First Matabele War : TheShangani Patrol ofBritish South Africa Company soldiers is ambushed and annihilated, by more than 3,000Matabele warriors.December 5 – Plural voting is abolished inNew South Wales .December 16 –Antonín Dvořák 'sSymphony No. 9 (From the New World ) receives its premiere atCarnegie Hall , New York City, conducted by the composer, to immediate acclaim.December 20 –Evergreen Park, Illinois , is incorporated.Pepsi invented The firstrecumbent bicycle , the Fautenil Vélociped, is made in France. Sudbury, Ontario , Canada, is incorporated as a town.Germanphysicist Wilhelm Wien formulatesWien's displacement law . TMI Episcopal is founded inSan Antonio as "The West Texas School for Boys", quickly changed to "West Texas Military Academy", by BishopJames S. Johnston .Booker T. Washington High School (Houston) is founded as "Colored High", the firstAfrican-American high school inHouston , Texas.A 16th centuryArdabil Carpet from Persia enters the collection of theSouth Kensington Museum in London. American pharmacist Caleb Bradham invents the recipe for what later becomesPepsi . He originally sells it as 'Brad's Drink' at his pharmacy inNew Bern, North Carolina .TheGirls' Brigade is founded inDublin , Ireland, origin of the international Christian youth organisation.[ 11] By 1893 – 8,000Chinese have arrived inCuba . Soong Ching-ling Jimmy Durante José María Velasco Ibarra Ethel Owen January 1 –Minoru Sasaki , Japanese general (d.1961 )January 5 –Paramahansa Yogananda , Indian guru (d.1952 )January 10 –Vicente Huidobro , Chilean poet (d.1948 )January 12 January 13 –Roy Cazaly , Australian rules footballer (d.1963 )January 15 –Ivor Novello , Welsh actor, musician (d.1951 )January 22 January 27 –Soong Ching-ling , one of theSoong sisters , wife of Chinese presidentSun Yat-sen (d.1981 )January 28 –Catherine Caradja , Romanian aristocrat, philanthropist (d.1993 )February 3 –Gaston Julia , French mathematician (d.1978 )February 9 –Georgios Athanasiadis-Novas , Prime Minister of Greece (d.1987 )February 10 February 12 –Omar Bradley , American general (d.1981 )February 13 –Ana Pauker , Romanian communist politician (d.1960 )February 16 February 19 – SirCedric Hardwicke , English actor (d.1964 )February 21 –Andrés Segovia , Spanish guitarist (d.1987 )March 3 –Beatrice Wood , American artist, ceramicist (d.1998 )March 5 –Kōtoku Satō , Japanese general (d.1959 )March 8 –Mississippi John Hurt , Americancountry blues singer, guitarist (d.1966 ) (some sources give his year of birth as1892 )March 11 –Wanda Gág , American children's author and artist (d.1946 )March 18 –Wilfred Owen , English soldier, poet (killed in action1918 )March 19 –José María Velasco Ibarra , 24thPresident of Ecuador (d.1979 )March 24 March 26 –Palmiro Togliatti , Italian communist leader (d.1964 )March 27 –Karl Mannheim , German sociologist (d.1947 )March 30 –Ethel Owen , American actress (d.1997 )Dean Acheson Joan Miró Harold Urey Gillis Grafström Roy O. Disney April 1 –Cicely Courtneidge , British actress (d.1980 )April 3 –Leslie Howard , English actor (d.1943 )April 5 –Irena Káňová , Slovak politician (d.1963 )[ 12] April 9 April 11 –Dean Acheson , 51stUnited States Secretary of State (d.1971 )April 12 –Robert Harron , American actor (d.1920 )April 20 April 23 –Allen Dulles , American Central Intelligence Agency director (d.1969 )April 29 –Harold Urey , American chemist,Nobel Prize laureate (d.1981 )May 1 –Nestor Lakoba , Abkhaz communist leader (d.1936 )[ 13] May 3 –Konstantine Gamsakhurdia , Georgian writer, public benefactor (d.1975 )May 8 –Francis Ouimet , American golfer, businessman (d.1967 )May 16 –Clement Martyn Doke , South African linguist (d.1980 )May 25 –Ernest Stoneman , American country music artist (d.1968 )June 4 –Armand Călinescu , 39th Prime Minister of Romania (d.1939 )June 7 –Gillis Grafström , Swedish figure skater (d.1938 )June 10 –Hattie McDaniel , actress, first African-American woman to win an Academy Award (d.1952 )June 12 –John R. Hodge , United States Army general (d.1963 )June 13 –Dorothy L. Sayers , British crime writer, poet, playwright and essayist (d.1957 )June 23 –Herman H. Hanneken , United States Marine Corps officer (d.1986 )June 24 June 26 –Big Bill Broonzy , American blues singer, composer (d.1958 ) (some sources give his year of birth as1903 )June 29 –Aarre Merikanto , Finnish composer (d.1958 )June 30 Mae West Albert Szent-Györgyi July 1 –Mario de Bernardi , Italian aviator (d.1959 )July 4 –Norman Manley , Jamaican statesman (d.1969 )July 9 July 11 –Edward Stinson , American aviator, aircraft manufacturer (d.1932 )July 12 –Ernest Cadine , French weightlifter (d.1978 )July 18 –Richard Dix , American actor (d.1949 )July 20 July 22 –Karl Menninger , American psychiatrist (d.1990 )July 28 –Rued Langgaard , Danish composer, organist (d.1952 )July 30 –Fatima Jinnah , PakistaniMother of the Nation (d.1967 )August 4 –Fritz Gause , German historian (d.1973 )August 6 –Wright Patman , American politician (d.1976 )August 14 August 15 –Leslie Comrie , New Zealand astronomer, computing pioneer (d.1950 )August 17 –Mae West , American actress, playwright,screenwriter andsex symbol (d.1980 )August 18 –Frank Linke-Crawford , Austro-Hungarian fighter pilot (killed in action1918 )August 22 –Dorothy Parker , American writer (d.1967 )August 23 –Aleksandr Loktionov , Soviet general (d.1941 )August 25 –H. Trendley Dean , American dental researcher (d.1962 )August 30 –Huey Long ,Louisiana governor and senator (assassinated1935 )September 6 –Claire Lee Chennault , American aviator, general and leader of theFlying Tigers (d.1958 )September 10 –Juana Bormann , German Nazi concentration camp guard (executed1945 )September 16 –Albert Szent-Györgyi , Hungarian physiologist,Nobel Prize laureate (d.1986 )September 18 –Arthur Benjamin , Australian composer (d.1960 )September 25 –Ryūnosuke Kusaka , Japanese admiral (d.1971 )Lillian Gish Carol II of Romania October 1 –Marianne Brandt , German industrial designer (d.1983 )October 8 –Clarence Williams , Americanjazz pianist and composer (d.1965 ) (some sources give his year of birth as1898 )October 9 –Mário de Andrade , Brazilian writer, photographer (d.1945 )[ 14] October 14 –Lillian Gish , American actress (d.1993 )October 15 – KingCarol II of Romania (d.1953 )October 18 October 26 –Oliver P. Smith , American general (d.1977 )November 2 –Victor Crutchley , British admiral (d.1986 )November 5 –Raymond Loewy , French-born American industrial designer (d.1986 )November 8 –Prajadhipok , Rama VII, King of Siam (d.1941 )November 10 –John P. Marquand , American novelist (d.1960 )[ 15] November 12 –Leonard F. Wing , American general, politician (d.1945 )November 13 –Edward Adelbert Doisy , American biochemist, recipient of theNobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d.1986 )November 14 –Addie Viola Smith , American lawyer and trade commissioner (d.1975 )[ 16] November 20 –Grace Darmond , Canadian-born American actress (d.1963 )November 22 November 27 –Carlos Alberto Arroyo del Río , 26th President of Ecuador (d.1969 )December 1 –Henry Cadbury , American biblical scholar, Quaker (d.1974 )December 2 –Leo Ornstein , Russian-born American composer, pianist (d.2002 )December 7 December 12 –Edward G. Robinson , Romanian-American actor (d.1973 )December 23 –Ann Pennington , American actress, dancer (d.1971 )December 26 –Mao Zedong , Chinese communist leader, founder of thePeople’s Republic of China (d.1976 )Rutherford B. Hayes John Ballance Manuel Gonzalez Flores Margaret Manton Merrill William Fox January 2 –John Obadiah Westwood , British entomologist (b.1805 )January 7 –Jožef Stefan , Slovenian physicist, mathematician, and poet (b.1835 )January 11 –Benjamin Butler , American lawyer, politician, and general (b.1818 )January 17 –Rutherford B. Hayes , 70, 19thPresident of the United States (b.1822 )January 23 –Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus Lamar , U.S. Supreme Court justice (b.1825 )January 27 –James G. Blaine ,Speaker of the United States House of Representatives ,U.S. Senator , andU.S. Secretary of State (b.1830 )February 1 –George Henry Sanderson , Mayor of San Francisco (b.1824 )February 4 –Concepción Arenal , Spanish feminist writer, activist (b.1820 )February 8 –Jennie Casseday , American philanthropist (b.1840 )February 10 –Henry Churchill de Mille , American playwright, (b.1853)February 13 –Ignacio Manuel Altamirano , first modern Mexican novelist (Clemencia ) and (El Zarco ) (b.1834 )[ 17] February 17 –Sir Arthur Cumming , British admiral (b.1817 )February 18 February 20 –P. G. T. Beauregard , American Confederate general (b.1818 )March 7 –Francisco Robles , 6th President of Ecuador (b.1811 )March 16 –William H. Illingworth , English photographer (b.1844 )March 17 March 18 March 21 –Mary Foot Seymour , American school founder (b.1846 )March 30 –Jane Sym-Mackenzie , second wife of Canada's second prime minister (b.1825 )April 8 –August Czartoryski , Polish prince (b.1858 )April 17 –Lucy Larcom , American teacher and author (b.1824 )[ 18] April 19 –John Addington Symonds , English poet, literary critic (b.1840 )April 22 –Edward Fitzgerald Beale , American adventurer, businessman (b.1822 )April 26 –Harriette Baker , American children's books author (b.1815 )April 27 –John Ballance , 14thPremier of New Zealand (b.1839 )May 8 –Manuel González Flores , 31stPresident of Mexico (b.1833 )[ 19] May 10 –Ion Emanuel Florescu , Romanian general and politician, two-timePrime Minister of Romania (b.1819 )June 1 –Silva Porto , Portuguese painter (b.1850 )June 7 –Edwin Booth , American actor (b.1833 )June 14 –Jakob Frohschammer , German theologian, philosopher (b.1821 )June 19 –Margaret Manton Merrill , English-born American journalist and translator (b.1859 )June 21 –Leland Stanford , Governor of California (b.1824 )June 22 –Sir George Tryon , British admiral (b.1832 )June 23 Guy de Maupassant John Abbott Annie Pixley Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky July 2 –Georgiana Drew , American actress, comedian (b.1856 )July 6 –Guy de Maupassant , French writer (b.1850 )July 16 –Antonio Ghislanzoni , Italian politician, journalist (b.1833 )August 6 –Jean-Jacques Challet-Venel , member of the Swiss Federal Council (b.1811 )August 7 –Alfredo Catalani , Italian composer (b.1854 )August 16 –Jean-Martin Charcot , French neurologist (b.1825 )August 20 – BaronAlexander Wassilko von Serecki , Governor of the Duchy of Bucovina, member of the Herrenhaus (b.1827 )August 31 –Lucy Hamilton Hooper , American writer and editor (b.1835 )September 9 –Friedrich Traugott Kützing , German pharmacist, botanist and phycologist (b.1807 )September 28 –Bella French Swisher , American writer, editor, and publisher (b.1837 )October 6 –Ford Madox Brown , English painter (b.1821 )October 8 –John Willis Menard , African-American politician (b.1838 )October 10 –Lip Pike , American baseball player (b.1845 )October 17 –Patrice de MacMahon, Duke of Magenta , French general, politician, and 1st president of the Third Republic (1875-1879) (b.1808 )October 18 –Charles Gounod , French composer (b.1818 )October 22 –Duleep Singh , ruler of Punjab (b.1838 )October 30 –Sir John Abbott , 3rdPrime Minister of Canada (b.1821 )November 6 –Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky , Russian composer (b.1840 )November 8 –Annie Pixley , American actress (b.1848 )November 11 –Charles H. Bell , American politician (b.1823 )November 17 –Alexander of Battenberg , first prince of Bulgaria (b.1857 )November 22 –James Calder , 5th President of Pennsylvania State University (b.1826 )November 24 –Belle Hunt Shortridge , American author (b.1858 )November 28 December 8 –Alexandru Cernat , Moldavian-born Romanian general and politician (b.1828 )December 11 –William Milligan , Scottish theologian (b.1821 )December 25 –Marie Durocher , Brazilian obstetrician, physician (b.1809 )^ "Salt Lake Temple" .^ George M. Hammell,The Passing of the Saloon: An Authentic and Official Presentation of the Anti-liquor Crusade in America (F.L. Rowe Company, 1908) p193, p414 ^ "The Shaftesbury Memorial, Piccadilly-Circus".The Times ^ Stuart-Fox, Martin (1997).A History of Laos . Cambridge University Press. p. 25. ^ "When was the first driving licence issued?" .National Motor Museum . February 9, 2022. RetrievedAugust 16, 2023 .^ Kim, Paul Hyoshin (2016).Jesus of Korea: Savior of the People . Fortress Press. p. 75. ^ "Franco-Siamese Treaty of 1893", inHistorical Dictionary of Laos , by Martin Stuart-Fox (Scarecrow Press, 2008) p112 ^ ja:明治26年の台風 (Japanese language edition) Retrieved on February 12, 2021.^ James J. Fuld,The Book of World-famous Music: Classical, Popular, and Folk (Courier Corporation, 2000) p267 ^ "The Death of Sherlock Holmes", advertisement inBuffalo (NY) Evening News , November 24, 1893, p1. ^ "History" . The Girls' Brigade International Council. Archived fromthe original on February 7, 2007. RetrievedMarch 16, 2023 .^ Mináč, Vladimir (1989).Slovenský biografický slovník: od roku 833 do roku 1990 Slovak Biographical Dictionary: From 833 to 1990 ] (in Slovak). Vol. 3.Matica slovenská . p. 32.ISBN 978-80-7090-070-3 ^ "Lakoba, Nestor Apollonovich" .^ Merriam-Webster's encyclopedia of literature . Springfield, Mass: Merriam-Webster. 1995. p. 51.ISBN 9780877790426 ^ >Novel/fiction Awards 1917-1994: From Pearl S. Buck and Margaret Mitchell to Ernest Hemingway and John Updike . K.G. Saur. 1997. p. 83.^ Barker, Heather (2006) [2002]."Addie Viola Smith (1893–1975)" .Australian Dictionary of Biography Australian National University .Archived from the original on February 22, 2024. RetrievedApril 14, 2024 . ^ "Ignacio Manuel Altamirano" .Biografias y Vidas (in Spanish). RetrievedJune 1, 2019 .^ Shirley Marchalonis, ed. (1991).Patrons and Protegees: Gender, Friendship, and Writing in Nineteenth Century America . Rutgers University Press. p. 114.ISBN 9780813516905 ^ "Manuel del Refugio González Flores: Biografía" [Manuel del Refugio González Flores: Biography].Lifeder (in Spanish). Lifeder.com. February 16, 2018. RetrievedMay 29, 2019 .^ Morison, Stanley (1960).Talbot Baines Reed: Author, Bibliographer, Typefounder . Cambridge, England: Published by Stanley Morison: printed privately by the Cambridge University Press. pp. 1– 3. The Year-book of the Imperial Institute of the United Kingdom, the colonies and India: a statistical record of the resources and trade of the colonial and Indian possessions of the British Empire (2nd. ed. 1893) 880pp;online edition 
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