| ←1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 → Midterm elections | |
| Election day | November 4 |
|---|---|
| Incumbent president | Benjamin Harrison (Republican) |
| Next Congress | 52nd |
| Senate elections | |
| Overall control | Republican hold |
| Seats contested | 28 of 85 seats[1] |
| Net seat change | Democratic +2[2] |
 | |
| 1890–91 United States Senate elections results Democratic gain Democratic hold Republican gain Republican hold Populist gain Independent gain Legislature failed to elect | |
| House elections | |
| Overall control | Democratic gain |
| Seats contested | All 332 voting seats |
| Net seat change | Democratic +86[2] |
 | |
| 1890 House of Representatives election results Democratic gain Democratic hold Republican gain Republican hold Populist gain | |
| Gubernatorial elections | |
| Seats contested | 27 |
| Net seat change | Democratic +6 |
 | |
| 1890 gubernatorial election results Democratic gain Democratic hold | |
Elections occurred in the middle ofRepublican PresidentBenjamin Harrison's term. Members of the52nd United States Congress were chosen in this election. The Republicans suffered major losses due to thePanic of 1890 and the unpopularity of theMcKinley Tariff. ThePopulist Party also emerged as an important third party.
Republicans suffered massive losses to Democrats in theHouse, and the Democrats took control of the chamber.[3]
In theSenate, Democrats made minor gains, but Republicans kept control of the chamber. ThePopulists joined the Senate for the first time, electing two senators.[4]
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