Calendar year
1884 by topic Humanities By country Other topics Lists of leaders Birth and death categories Establishments and disestablishments categories Works category
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1884 .
1884 (MDCCCLXXXIV ) was aleap year starting on Tuesday of theGregorian calendar and aleap year starting on Sunday of theJulian calendar , the 1884th year of theCommon Era (CE) andAnno Domini 2nd millennium , the 84th year of the19th century , and the 5th year of the1880s decade. As of the start of 1884, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
Calendar year
March 13 :Siege of Khartoum .
November 15 :Berlin Conference January 4 – TheFabian Society is founded in London to promote gradualist social progress.January 5 –Gilbert and Sullivan 's comic operaPrincess Ida Savoy Theatre , London.January 7 – German microbiologistRobert Koch isolatesVibrio cholerae cholera bacillus , working in India.[ 1] January 18 –William Price attempts to cremate his dead baby son, Iesu Grist, in Wales. Later tried and acquitted on the grounds thatcremation is not contrary toEnglish law , he is thus able to carry out the ceremony (the first in the United Kingdom in modern times) onMarch 14 , setting a legal precedent.[ 2] January –Arthur Conan Doyle 's anonymous story "J. Habakuk Jephson's Statement " appears in theCornhill Magazine Mary Celeste 1872 , many of the fictional elements introduced by Doyle come to replace the real events in the popular imagination.[ 3] July 1 –First International Forestry Exhibition opens inEdinburgh , Scotland.[ 10] July 3 – TheDow Jones Transportation Average , consisting of eleven transportation-related companies (nine railroads and two non-rail companies, Western Union and Pacific Mail), is created in the United States. The index is the oldest stock index to remain in use.July 5 –Germany takes possession ofTogoland .July 7 – Nagasaki Shipyard, predecessor of the Japaneseaircraft andshipbuilding businessMitsubishi , is founded on the island ofKyushu .[ 11] July 14 – German administration is established inCameroon .July 23 – The first tennis tournaments, held in the grounds of Shrubland Hall,Leamington Spa , England, are recorded in today'sCourier .August 5 :Statue of Liberty erection beginsOctober 6 : US Naval War College founded.
Auguste Piccard Rickard Sandler Pedro Pablo Ramírez Theodor Heuss January 1 January 2 –Ben-Zion Dinur , Russian-born Israeli educator, historian and politician (d.1973 )January 12 –Texas Guinan , American vaudeville performer (d.1933 )January 20 –Charles W. Whittlesey , United States Army officer, commander of theLost Battalion 1921 )January 21 –Roger Nash Baldwin , American social activist (d.1981 )January 23 –Ralph DePalma , Italian-born American race car driver (d.1956 )January 24 –Thomas Blamey , Australian field marshal (d.1951 )January 26 January 28 –Auguste Piccard , Swiss physicist, balloonist, and inventor (d.1962 )January 29 –Rickard Sandler , 20th prime minister of Sweden (d.1964 )January 30 January 31 –Theodor Heuss , German politician, 1stpresident of West Germany (d.1963 )February 1 –Bradbury Robinson , American football player, who threw the firstforward pass inAmerican football history (d.1949 )February 8 –Burt Mustin , American actor (d.1977 )February 12 February 13 –Alfred Carlton Gilbert , American athlete, inventor (d.1961 )February 15 –Mieczysław Norwid-Neugebauer , Polish general and politician (d.1954 )February 16 –Robert J. Flaherty , American filmmaker (d.1951 )February 17 –María Beatriz del Rosario Arroyo , FilipinoRoman Catholic nun and servant of God (d.1957 )February 20 –Constantin Constantinescu-Claps , Romanian general (d.1961 )February 22 –Lew Cody , American actor (d.1934 )February 26 –John Cyril Porte , Irish-born Britishflying boat pioneer (d.1919 )February 28 –Ants Piip , Prime Minister of Estonia (d.1942 )Harry S. Truman May 2 –John Boland , American politician (d.1958 )[ 17] May 5 –Jean Decoux , French admiral,Governor-General of French Indochina (1940–1945) (d.1963 )May 8 –Harry S. Truman , 33rdpresident of the United States (d.1972 )May 10 –Olga Petrova , English-born American actress (d.1977 )May 14 –Claude Dornier , German aircraft designer (d.1969 )May 20 –Leon Schlesinger , American producer, filmmaker (d.1949 )May 22 –Cordelia Camp , American educator (d.1973 )[ 18] May 23 –Corrado Gini , Italian statistician, demographer and sociologist (d.1965 )May 27 –Max Brod , Austrian author (d.1968 )May 28 –Edvard Beneš , Czechoslovak politician, prime minister and president of Czechoslovakia (d.1948 )May 30 –Robert Alfred Theobald , American admiral (d.1957 )Édouard Daladier Empress Teimei Gaston Bachelard Amedeo Modigliani July 4 –Louis B. Mayer , American film producer, studio mogul (d.1957 )July 11 –Howard Estabrook , American actor, film director and producer, and screenwriter (d.1978 )July 12 –Amedeo Modigliani , Italian painter, sculptor (d.1920 )July 15 –Phraya Manopakorn Nititada , Thailand's first prime minister (d.1948 )July 17 –Prince George Bagration , Georgian nobleman (d.1957 )July 18 –Alberto di Jorio , Italian cardinal, secretary of the1958 conclave (d.1979 )July 19 –Maurice Nicoll , British psychiatrist (d.1953 )July 20 –Félix Julien , french footballer (d.1936 )July 23 –Emil Jannings , Swiss-born German actor (d.1950 )July 25 –Rafael Arévalo Martínez , Guatemalan writer (d.1975 )July 26 –Joseph Sweeney , American actor (d.1963 )July 27 –Kathleen Howard , Canadian-born American opera singer, character actress (d.1956 )Rómulo Gallegos John S. McCain Sr. Vincent Auriol August 2 –Rómulo Gallegos , 48th president of Venezuela (d.1969 )August 7 –Billie Burke , American actress (d.1970 )August 8 –Sara Teasdale , American poet (d.1933 )August 9 –John S. McCain Sr. , American admiral (d.1945 )August 10 August 15 –Mary Nash , American actress (d.1976 )August 20 –Rudolf Bultmann , German Lutheran theologian (d.1976 )August 23 –Will Cuppy , American humorist (d.1949 )August 27 –Vincent Auriol ,President of France (d.1966 )[ 19] August 28 –Peter Fraser , 24thprime minister of New Zealand (d.1950 )August 30 –Theodor Svedberg , Swedish chemist,Nobel Prize laureate (d.1971 )Eleanor Roosevelt Rajendra Prasad Petru Groza Hideki Tojo December 3 December 4 –R. C. Majumdar , Indian historian (d.1980 )December 7 –Petru Groza , Romanian politician, 46thprime minister of Romania (d.1958 )December 14 –Nicholas Charnetsky , SovietOrthodox priest, bishop, martyr and blessed (d.1959 )December 17 –Alison Uttley , English writer of children's books (d.1976 )December 19 –Antonín Zápotocký , 6th president and 15th prime minister of Czechoslovakia (d.1957 )December 25 December 29 –Ted Theodore , Australian politician,Premier of Queensland (d.1950 )December 30 December 31 –Stanley Forman Reed ,Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (d.1980 )Gregor Mendel Alice Hathaway Lee Roosevelt Bedřich Smetana January 6 –Gregor Mendel , Czech geneticist (b.1822 )January 25 –Johann Gottfried Piefke , German conductor, composer (b.1815 )February 8 –Cetshwayo kaMpande , Zulu king (b.1826 )February 13 –Wilhelm von Tümpling , Prussian general (b.1809 )February 14 February 26 –Emmanuel Félix de Wimpffen , French general (b.1811 )March 1 –Isaac Todhunter , English mathematician (b.1820 )March 8 –Sydney Dacres , British admiral (b.1804 )March 13 –Leland Stanford Jr. , son of Governor Leland Stanford ofCalifornia , in whose memoryStanford University was founded (b.1868 )March 19 –Elias Lönnrot , Finnish philologist, collector of traditional Finnish oral poetry (b.1802 )March 21 March 23 –Henry C. Lord , American railroad executive (b.1824 )March 28 –Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany , youngest son ofQueen Victoria (b.1853 )April 1 –Marie Litton , English stage actress (b.1847 )April 4 –Marie Bashkirtseff , Russian artist (b.1858 )April 6 –Emanuel Geibel , German poet, dramatist (b.1815 )April 24 –Marie Taglioni , Swedish-Italian ballerina (b.1804 )May 6 –Judah P. Benjamin , American politician, US senator from Louisiana,Cabinet officer of the Confederate States (b.1811 )May 12 –Bedřich Smetana , Czech composer (b.1824 )May 13 –Cyrus McCormick , American inventor (b.1809 )May 29 –Sir Henry Bartle Frere , British colonial administrator (b.1815 )June 19 June 21 –Alexander, Prince of Orange , heir apparent to the Dutch throne (b.1851 )June 25 –Hans Rott , Austrian composer (b.1858 )Adolph Wilhelm Hermann Kolbe Leona Florentino July 1 –Allan Pinkerton , American detective (b.1819 )July 10 –Paul Morphy , American chess player (b.1837 )July 15 August 9 –Annestine Beyer , Danish reform pedagogue (b.1795 )August 18 –Mary C. Ames , American writer (b.1831 )September 2 –Karl Eberhard Herwarth von Bittenfeld , Prussian field marshal (b.1796 )September 10 –George Bentham , English botanist (b.1800 )October 4 –Leona Florentino , Filipina poet (b.1849 )October 7 –Bernard Petitjean , French Roman Catholic missionary to Japan (b.1829 )October 16 –Bernice Pauahi Bishop , Hawaiian ali‘i (b.1831 )October 18 –William VIII, Duke of Brunswick (b.1806 )November 3 –Menyhért Lónyay , 5th prime minister of Hungary (b.1822 )November 11 –Alfred Brehm , German zoologist (b.1829 )November 16 –František Chvostek , Moravian physician (b.1835 )November 25 –Adolph Wilhelm Hermann Kolbe , German chemist (b.1818 )December 1 –William Swainson , second, and last,Attorney-General of theCrown Colony of New Zealand (b.1809 )December 3 –Jane C. Bonar , Scottish hymnwriter (b.1821 )December 20 –Domenico Consolini , Italian Catholic Cardinal (b.1806 )^ Koch, R. (1884-03-20). "Sechster Bericht der deutschen wissenschaftlichen Commission zur Erforschung der Cholera ".Deutsche medizinische Wochenscrift 10 (12): 191–2. ^ Hutton, Ronald (2009).Blood and Mistletoe: The History of the Druids in Britain . New Haven: Yale University Press.ISBN 978-0-300-14485-7 ^ Jones, Thomas (February 17, 2005)."Arthur Conan Doyle and theMary Celeste " .London Review of Books 27 (4): 22. RetrievedDecember 14, 2024 . ^ Penguin Pocket On This Day . Penguin Reference Library. 2006.ISBN 0-14-102715-0 ^ Palmer, Alan; Veronica (1992).The Chronology of British History . London: Century Ltd. pp. 309– 310.ISBN 0-7126-5616-2 ^ Calvert, Peter (1994).The International Politics of Latin America . Manchester University Press. p. 80. ^ GeoForschungsZentrum."An earthquake catalogue for central, northern and northwestern Europe based on Mw magnitudes / Annex. STR 03/02" (PDF) . p. 68. RetrievedDecember 16, 2011 . ^ Musson, R. M. W. (February 1, 2003)."Fatalities in British earthquakes" (PDF) .Astronomy & Geophysics .44 (1):1.14 – 1.16 .doi :10.1046/j.1468-4004.2003.44114.x . ^ "Patent #33/256".Bollettino delle Privative Industriali del Regno d'Italia . 2nd Series.15 :635– 655. 1884. ^ "The Forestry Exhibition".The Morning Post ^ ja:三菱重工長崎造船所#沿革 (Japanese language edition) Retrieved on June 28, 2020.^ Stover, C. W.; Coffman, J. L.,Seismicity of the United States, 1568–1989 United States Government Printing Office , pp. 314– 316 [permanent dead link ^ "A History of Renown - Staten Island Academy" .www.statenislandacademy.org . August 7, 2025. RetrievedJuly 20, 2025 .^ Martinic Beros, Mateo (2003)."La minería aurífera en la región austral americana (1869-1950)" .Historia 36 .doi :10.4067/S0717-71942003003600009 (inactive July 1, 2025). Archived fromthe original on January 29, 2021. RetrievedJanuary 25, 2021 .{{cite journal }}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of July 2025 (link )^ Treptow, Kurt W. (1996).A History of Romania . Iasi: Center for Romania Studies. p. 590.ISBN 978-0-88033-345-0 ^ "Porfirio Díaz" .Busca Biografias (in Spanish). RetrievedJune 8, 2019 .^ "John Boland, Local Pioneer, Dies At 74" .Rapid City Daily Journal 1 ,2 . RetrievedJune 19, 2024 – viaNewspapers.com .^ Stephens, George Myers (1979)."Camp, Cordelia" .NCpedia . RetrievedMay 19, 2024 . ^ Jessup, John E. (1998).An Encyclopedic Dictionary of Conflict and Conflict Resolution, 1945-1996 ISBN 978-0-313-28112-9 1884 Annual Cyclopedia (1885)
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