Movatterモバイル変換

[0]ホーム

Jump to content

1862 United States elections

کوردی

Edit links

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

(Redirected from1862 United States gubernatorial elections)

1862 United States elections
Senate elections
←1860 1861 1862 1863 1864 → Midterm elections
Election day	January 6–November 4^[1]
Incumbent president	Abraham Lincoln (Republican)
Next Congress	38th
Overall control	Republican-Union hold
Seats contested	6 of 68 seats (4 seats of Class I + 3 special elections)
Net seat change	Republican-Union ±0

Results Union gain Constitutional Union gain Republican hold Border state Union hold Confederate state
House elections
Overall control	Republican-Union hold
Seats contested	155 of 180 seats (151 general + 12 special elections)
Net seat change	Democratic +29
General elections Special elections
Results Democratic gain Union gain Republican gain Democratic hold Union hold Republican hold Border state Union gain Border state Union hold Emancipation gain Conservative Union gain Independent gain
Gubernatorial elections
Seats contested	15 (13Union, 2Confederate)
United States elections Confederate States elections
Results Democratic gain Union gain Independent gain Republican hold Constitutional Union hold

Elections were held in the United States on or before November 4, 1862, during thepresidency of Abraham Lincoln. TheDemocratic Party flipped more than two dozen seats in theUnited States House of Representatives and won key state races in theNorthern United States but failed to end unifiedRepublican-Union control of theWhite House andCongress as a result of these and consecutive elections held in 1863.

Elections for the38th United States Congress were staggered throughout 1862 and 1863 preceding the start of the first session. Four of the 24United States senators inClass I and 151 of the 180United States representatives were elected in 1862, with the remainder chosen the following year.^[2] Fifteen stategubernatorial elections, including two in theConfederacy, were also contested, alongside numerous state and local elections.^[3]

The elections took place against the backdrop of theAmerican Civil War and theend of slavery in the United States. In what was the first real test of Democratic opposition to the Lincoln administration, Democrats made a net gain of 29 seats in the House, won governorships inNew Jersey andNew York, and flipped partisan control ofstate legislatures in four Lower North states.^[4] Republican-Unionists flipped a Democratic-held United States Senate seat inOregon, while theConstitutional Union Party flipped a Republican-held seat inRhode Island.^[5]

Emancipation and the status offreedpeople were major issues during the campaign. The appearance of the preliminaryEmancipation Proclamation in late September interrupted the elections, with significant implications for party alignments. In the Upper North, the proclamation undercutConservative efforts to marginalizeRadical Republicans within the Republican-Union coalition.^[6] Democrats benefited fromracist backlash to the proclamation in the Lower North, wieldinganti-abolitionist rhetoric to great effect. Opposition toconscription, Lincoln's suspension ofhabeas corpus, and a sagging war effort also contributed to the strong Democratic showing in the region.^[7]

While contemporary observers interpreted the elections as a "severe reproof" of the administration, the results of the elections were inconclusive.^[8] Despite the magnitude of the Democratic gains in 1862, Republican-Unionists were able to salvage their congressional majorities due to the support ofUnionists from theborder states. The lack ofabsentee voting for soldiers contributed to the decline in the Republican-Union vote compared to1860.^[9]

Notes

[edit]

^Dubin 1998, pp. 190, 193–95.
^Dubin 1998, pp. 193–96.
^Dubin 2007, pp. 1–2.
^Silbey 1977, pp. 143–44;Dubin 1998, pp. 193–95;Smith 2006, p. 57;Dubin 2007, pp. 127, 136.
^Carey 1922, p. 650;Dell 1975, p. 165.
^Donald 1970, p. 81;Current 1976, p. 403.
^Allardice 2011, p. 104–6;Thornbrough 1995, pp. 117–22;McPherson 1988, pp. 560–61.
^McPherson 1988, p. 561.
^Smith 2006, pp. 57–58.

Bibliography

[edit]

Allardice, Bruce S. (Spring–Summer 2011)."'Illinois is Rotten with Traitors!' The Republican Defeat in the 1862 State Election".Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society.104 (1/2):97–114.JSTOR 41201305.
Carey, Charles Henry (1922).History of Oregon. Chicago: Pioneer Historical Publishing Company.
Current, Richard N. (1976).The History of Wisconsin. Vol. 2: The Civil War Era,1848–1873. Madison: State Historical Society of Wisconsin.
Dell, Christopher (1975).Lincoln and the War Democrats: The Grand Erosion of Conservative Tradition. Rutherford, NJ: Farleigh Dickenson University Press.
Donald, David (1970).Charles Sumner and the Rights of Man. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
Dubin, Michael J. (2007).Party Affiliations in State Legislatures: A Year by Year Summary, 1796–2006. Jefferson, NC: McFarland and Company.
Dubin, Michael J. (March 1, 1998).United States Congressional Elections, 1788–1997: The Official Results of the Elections of the 1st through 105th Congresses. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland and Company.ISBN 978-0-7864-0283-0.
McPherson, James M. (1988).Battle Cry of Freedom: The Civil War Era. New York: Oxford University.
Silbey, Joel H. (1977).A Respectable Minority: The Democratic Party in the Civil War Era, 1860–1868. New York: W. W. Norton and Company.ISBN 978-0-393-05648-8.
Smith, Adam I. P. (2006).No Party Now: Politics in the Civil War North. New York: Oxford University Press.ISBN 978-0-19-518865-3.
Thornbrough, Emma Lou (1995).Indiana in the Civil War Era, 1850–1880. Indianapolis: Indiana Historical Society.

v t e Elections in the United States
1788–89 1790 1791 1792 1793 1794 1795 1796 1797 1798 1799 1800 1801 1802 1803 1804 1805 1806 1807 1808 1809 1810 1811 1812 1813 1814 1815 1816 1817 1818 1819 1820 1821 1822 1823 1824 1825 1826 1827 1828 1829 1830 1831 1832 1833 1834 1835 1836 1837 1838 1839 1840 1841 1842 1843 1844 1845 1846 1847 1848 1849 1850 1851 1852 1853 1854 1855 1856 1857 1858 1859 1860 1861 1862 1863 1864 1865 1866 1867 1868 1869 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 1906 1907 1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 1918 1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027
See also Presidential elections Senate elections House elections Gubernatorial elections

Elections in the United States