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1857 United Kingdom general election

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

1857 United Kingdom general election

← 185227 March – 24 April 1857 (1857-03-27 –1857-04-24)1859 →

All654 seats in theHouse of Commons
328 seats needed for a majority
Turnout716,552
 First partySecond party
 
LeaderViscount PalmerstonEarl of Derby
PartyWhigConservative
Leader since6 February 1855July 1846
Leader's seatTivertonHouse of Lords
Last election324 seats, 57.9%330 seats, 41.9%
Seats won377[a]264[c]
Seat changeIncrease53Decrease66
Popular vote464,127239,712
Percentage64.8%[b]33.5%[b]
SwingIncrease6.9ppDecrease8.4pp

Colours[dubiousdiscuss] denote the winning party—as shown in§ Results

Composition of theHouse of Commons after the election

Prime Minister before election

Viscount Palmerston
Whig

Prime Minister after election

Viscount Palmerston
Whig

The1857 United Kingdom general election was held between 27 March 1857 to 24 April 1857, to elect members of theHouse of Commons, the lower house ofParliament of the United Kingdom. TheWhigs, led byLord Palmerston, won a majority in theHouse of Commons as theConservative vote fell significantly. The election had been provoked by a vote of censure in Palmerston's government over his approach to theArrow affair which led to theSecond Opium War.

There is no separate tally of votes or seats for thePeelites. They did not contest elections as an organised party but more as independentFree trade Conservatives with varying degrees of distance from the two main parties.

According toA. J. P. Taylor:

The general election of 1857 is unique in our history: the only election ever conducted as a simple plebiscite in favour of an individual. Even the "coupon" election of 1918 claimed to be more than a plebiscite for Lloyd George; even Disraeli and Gladstone offered a clash of policies as well as of personalities. In 1857 there was no issue before the electorate except whether Palmerston should be Prime Minister; and no one could pretend that Palmerston had any policy except to be himself.[1]

Results

[edit]
UK General Election 1857
PartyCandidatesVotes
StoodElectedGainedUnseatedNet% of total%No.Net %
 Whig507377[a]+5357.6564.77464,127+7.0
 Conservative351264−6640.3733.45239,712−7.1
 Independent Irish131.991.6912,099N/A
 Chartist1000000.1614−0.1
Total votes cast: 716,552.[d][e]

Summary

[edit]
Popular vote
Whig
64.77%
Conservative
33.45%
Others
1.69%
Chartist
0.09%

Seats summary

[edit]
Parliamentary seats
Whig
57.65%
Conservative
40.37%
Others
1.99%

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^abThe seat and vote count figures for the Whigs given here include theSpeaker of the House of Commons
  2. ^abSeveral country and university seats held by Conservatives were uncontested, and many urban multi-member constituencies that tended to vote Liberal had multiple candidates, so this is an misleading figure. Therefore, national swing is not applicable to elections in this era.
  3. ^IncludingPeelites.
  4. ^"Others" are mostlyIrish Independent Opposition.
  5. ^The Conservative total votes cast and MPs includes around 26Peelites—some reference works claim it was as few as 18.

References

[edit]
  1. ^A. J. P. Taylor, "Lord Palmerston,"History Today (1951) 1#7 pp 35-41 at p. 38online

Further reading

[edit]
  • Hawkins, Angus. "British Parliamentary Party Alignment and the Indian Issue, 1857–1858."Journal of British Studies 23.2 (1984): 79-105.
  • Hicks, Geoffrey. "Peace, war and party politics: The Conservatives and Europe 1846–59." inPeace, war and party politics (Manchester University Press, 2013).
  • Hodgson, Robert, and John Maloney. "Economic voting in Britain, 1857–1914."Electoral Studies 31.4 (2012): 668-678.online

External links

[edit]
United KingdomElections andreferendums in the United Kingdom
General elections
Local elections
European elections
Referendums
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