Calendar year
July 14 : Japan welcomes the first U.S. envoys from thePerry Expedition , begins to end isolation.November 30 (November 18 O.S.): TheBattle of Sinop is fought in theCrimean War as the Russian Empire destroys the Ottoman Turkish fleet in the last major naval battle involving sailing warships.1853 by topic Humanities By country Other topics Lists of leaders Birth and death categories Establishments and disestablishments categories Works category
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1853 .
1853 (MDCCCLIII ) was acommon year starting on Saturday of theGregorian calendar and acommon year starting on Thursday of theJulian calendar , the 1853rd year of theCommon Era (CE) andAnno Domini 2nd millennium , the 53rd year of the19th century , and the 4th year of the1850s decade. As of the start of 1853, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
Calendar year
January 6 January 8 –Taiping Rebellion :Zeng Guofan is ordered to assist the governor ofHunan in organizing a militia force to search for local bandits.January 12 – Taiping Rebellion: The Taiping army occupiesWuchang .January 19 –Giuseppe Verdi 's operaIl Trovatore Teatro Apollo in Rome.January 20 – TheUnited Kingdom proclaims its annexation ofLower Burma , ending theSecond Anglo-Burmese War .[ 1] February 10 – Taiping Rebellion: Taiping forces assemble atHanyang ,Hankou andWuchang for the march onNanjing .February 12 – The city ofPuerto Montt is founded in theReloncaví Sound ,Chile .February 22 –Washington University in St. Louis is founded as Eliot Seminary.March 5 – Saint Paul Fire and Marine, as predecessor ofThe Travelers Companies , a worldwideinsurance service , founded inMinnesota , United States.March 6 –Giuseppe Verdi 's operaLa traviata La Fenice in Venice, but is poorly received at this time.[ 2] March 20 – Taiping Rebellion: A rebel army of around 750,000 seizes Nanjing, killing 30,000 Imperial troops.March 29 –Manchester is grantedcity status in the United Kingdom .[ 3] March – The clothing companyLevi Strauss & Co. is founded in San Francisco (US).[ 4] April 7 –Prince Leopold , the youngest son and the eighth child ofQueen Victoria andPrince Albert , is born inBuckingham Palace ; he has inheritedhaemophilia . During the labour, Victoria chooses to usechloroform , thereby encouraging the use ofanesthesia in childbirth.[ 5] April 16 –Indian Railways : The first passenger railway in India opens fromBombay toThana, Maharashtra , 22 miles (35 km).May 5 –Perpetual Maritime Truce comes into force between the United Kingdom and the rulers of the Sheikhdoms of the Lower Gulf, later known as theTrucial States .[ 6] May 12 –October 31 – TheGreat Industrial Exhibition is held inDublin , Ireland.May 23 – The firstplat forSeattle, Washington , is laid out.May June 22 –Guimarães is elevated to city status by QueenMaria II of Portugal .[ 8] June 27 – Taiping Rebellion: The Northern Expeditionary Force crosses theYellow River .June 30 –Georges-Eugène Haussmann is selected aspréfect Seine (department) to begin the re-planning of Paris.October 1 –C. Bechstein 's piano factory is founded, one of three established in a "golden year" in the history of thepiano (Julius Blüthner andSteinway & Sons being the others).October 4 –5 –Crimean War : TheOttoman Empire begins war with Russia.October 4 – On the east coast of the United States,Donald McKay launches theGreat Republic sailing ship , which at 4,500 tons is too large to be successful.October 25 – InMunich , the art museumNeue Pinakothek opens.October 28 –Crimean War : The Ottoman army crosses theDanube intoVidin /Calafat ,Wallachia .October 30 –Taiping Rebellion : The Taiping Northern Expeditionary Force comes within 3 miles (4.8 km) ofTianjin .November 3 – Troops ofWilliam Walker captureLa Paz inBaja California Territory and declare the (short-lived)Republic of Sonora .November 4 –Crimean War :Battle of Oltenitza – Turkish forces defeat the Russians.November 15 –Maria II of Portugal is succeeded by her sonPedro V as King of Portugal.November 30 (November 18 O.S. ) –Crimean War :Battle of Sinop – The Russian fleet destroys theTurkish fleet.December 6 –Taiping Rebellion : Frenchminister de Bourboulon arrives at the Heavenly Capital, aboard theCassini .December 14 – Compagnie Générale des Eaux, predecessor ofVivendi andVeolia , a global mediaconglomerate , is founded inParis , France.December 30 –Gadsden Purchase : The United States buys approximately 77,000 square kilometres (30,000 sq mi) of land from Mexico to facilitate railroad building in the Southwest.Vincent van Gogh January 1 –Karl von Einem , German general (d.1934 )January 9 –Henning von Holtzendorff , German admiral (d.1919 )[ 12] January 16 January 18 –Eusebio Hernández Pérez , Cuban eugenicist, obstetrician and guerrilla (d.1933 )January 23 –John Marks Moore , American politician (d.1902 )[ 13] January 28 c. February –William O'Malley , Irish politician (d.1939 ) January 29 –Kitasato Shibasaburō , Japanese physician, bacteriologist (d.1931 )February 4 –Kaneko Kentarō , Japanese politician, diplomat (d.1942 )February 18 –Ernest Fenollosa , Catalan-American philosopher (d.1908 )February 22 –Annie Le Porte Diggs , Canadian-born statelibrarian ofKansas (d.1916 )March 2 –Ella Loraine Dorsey , American author, journalist and translator (d.1935 )March 5 –Howard Pyle , American artist, fiction writer (d.1911 )March 10 –Thomas Mackenzie , 18th Prime Minister of New Zealand (d.1930 )March 13 –Robert William Felkin , British writer (d.1926 )March 14 –Ferdinand Hodler , Swiss painter (d.1918 )March 25 –Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar , 5th Qajarid Shah of Persia (d.1907 )March 27 –Yakov Zhilinsky , Russian general (d.1918 )March 29 –Elihu Thomson , English-American engineer, inventor, co-founder ofGeneral Electric (d.1937 )March 30 –Vincent van Gogh , Dutch painter (d.1890 )Ella Eaton Kellogg Cecil Rhodes Hendrik Lorentz Albrecht Kossel Heike Kamerlingh Onnes Teresa Carreño July 4 –Ernst Otto Beckmann , German chemist (d.1923 )July 5 –Cecil Rhodes , English businessman (d.1902 )July 10 –Percy Scott , British admiral (d.1924 )July 18 –Hendrik Lorentz , Dutch physicist,Nobel Prize laureate (d.1928 )July 24 –William Gillette , American actor, playwright and stage-manager (d.1937 )July 26 –Philip Cowen , American Jewish publisher and author (d.1943 )July 29 –Ioan Culcer , Romanian general and politician (d.1928 )August 23 August 28 September 1 –Aleksei Brusilov , Russian general (d.1926 )September 2 –Wilhelm Ostwald , German chemist,Nobel Prize laureate (d.1932 )September 6 –Katherine Eleanor Conway , American journalist, editor, poet andLaetare Medalist (d.1927 )September 16 –Albrecht Kossel , German physician, recipient of theNobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d.1927 )September 20 –Chulalongkorn , Rama V, King of Siam (d.1910 )September 21 –Heike Kamerlingh Onnes , Dutch physicist,Nobel Prize laureate (d.1926 )September 23 –Fritz von Below , German general (d.1918 )October 4 –Jane Maria Read , American poet and teacher (unknown year of death)October 13 –Lillie Langtry , Jersey-born stage actress and royal mistress (d.1929 )October 14 –John William Kendrick , American railroad executive (d.1924 )October 16 –Thadeus von Sivers ,Baltic German -born Russian general (death date unknown)October 17 –Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia , wife of Prince Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh (d.1920 )October 26 –Tokugawa Akitake , Japanesedaimyō Mito Domain , younger brother of the lastshōgun Tokugawa Yoshinobu (d.1910 )October 30 –Louise Abbéma , French painter, sculptor and designer of theBelle Époque (d.1927 )November 9 –Stanford White , American architect (d.1906 )November 13 –John Drew, Jr. , American stage actor (d.1927 )November 18 –Leopold Poetsch , Austrian history teacher, high school teacher ofAdolf Hitler andAdolf Eichmann (d.1942 )November 20 –Oskar Potiorek , Austro-Hungarian general (d.1933 )November 29 –Panagiotis Danglis , Greek general, politician (d.1924 )[ 14] December 6 –Hara Prasad Shastri , Indian academic, Sanskrit scholar, archivist and historian of Bengali literature (d.1931 )December 14 –Errico Malatesta , Italian anarchist (d.1932 )December 17 –Émile Roux , French physician, bacteriologist and immunologist (d.1933 )December 21 –Noda Utarō , Japanese entrepreneur and politician (d.1927 )December 22 December 23 –William Henry Moody , 35thUnited States Secretary of the Navy , 45thUnited States Attorney General andAssociate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (d.1917 )December 31 –Tasker H. Bliss , American general (d.1930 )Christian Doppler January 8 –Mihály Bertalanits ,Slovene (Prekmurje Slovene ) poet in theKingdom of Hungary (b.1788 )January 16 January 19 –Karl Faber , German historian (b.1773 )January 22 –Méry von Bruiningk , Estonian democrat (b.1818 )February 4 –Princess Maria Amélia of Brazil , daughter of EmperorPedro I of Brazil (b.1831 )February 6 –Anastasio Bustamante , 4thPresident of Mexico (b.1780 )February 15 –August, Prince of Hohenlohe-Öhringen (b.1784 )March 17 –Christian Doppler , Austrian mathematician (b.1803 )March 30 –Abigail Fillmore ,First Lady of the United States (b.1798 )April 18 –William R. King ,13th Vice President of the United States (b.1786 )April 28 –Ludwig Tieck , German writer (b.1773 )May 18 –Lionel Kieseritzky , Baltic-German chess player (b.1806 )June 2 June 7 –Giuseppina Ronzi de Begnis , Italian opera singer (b.1800 )June 8 –Howard Vyse , English soldier and Egyptologist (b.1784 )June 27 –Lewis Brian Adams , English painter (b.1809 )Georg Friedrich Grotefend Maria White Lowell July 27 –Tokugawa Ieyoshi , 12thshōgun Tokugawa shogunate of Japan (b.1793 )August 9 –Józef Maria Hoene-Wroński , Polish philosopher (b.1776 )August 19 –George Cockburn , British naval commander (b.1772 )August 21 –Maria Quitéria , Brazilian national heroine (b.1792 )August 23 –Alexander Calder , first mayor ofBeaumont, Texas (b.1806 )August 29 –Charles James Napier , British army general and colonial administrator (b.1782 )September 3 –Augustin Saint-Hilaire , French botanist, traveller (b.1799 )September 6 –George Bradshaw , English timetable publisher (b.1800 )October 2 –François Arago , French Catalan mathematician, physicist, astronomer and politician (b.1786 )October 3 –George Onslow , French composer (b.1784 )October 5 –Mahlon Dickerson , American judge, politician (b.1770 )October 13 –Jan Cock Blomhoff , Dutchdirector ofDejima , Japan (b.1779 )October 22 –Juan Antonio Lavalleja , Uruguayan military, political figure (b.1784 )October 27 –Maria White Lowell , American abolitionist (b.1821 )November 15 –Maria II of Portugal , queen regnant (b.1819 )December 15 –Georg Friedrich Grotefend , German epigraphist, philologist (b.1775 )December 23 –Juliette Bussière Laforest-Courtois , Haitian journalist (b.1789 )^ public domain : Chisholm, Hugh , ed. (1911). "Burmese Wars ".Encyclopædia Britannica ^ Loewenberg, Alfred (1978).Annals of Opera 1597–1940 (3rd ed.). Totowa, NJ: Rowman & Littlefield.ISBN 978-0-87471-851-5 ^ "No. 21426" .The London Gazette 950– 951.^ Downey, Lynn (2008)."Levi Strauss: a short biography" (PDF) . Levi Strauss & Co. Archived fromthe original (PDF) on July 23, 2011. Retrieved1 January 2011 . ^ Woodham-Smith, Cecil (1972).Queen Victoria 333–334 .ISBN 9780394482453 ^ Lorimer, John (1915).Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf . Bombay: British Government. ^ Pritchett, Jonathan B.; Tunali, Insan (1995). "Strangers' Disease: Determinants of Yellow Fever Mortality during the New Orleans Epidemic of 1853".Explorations in Economic History .32 (4):517– 539.doi :10.1006/exeh.1995.1022 . ^ "Guimarães foi elevada a cidade há 170 anos. Junta realiza sessão solene" .jornaldeguimaraes.pt . Retrieved2025-03-09 .^ "Tissot - The Watch Brand 2020" .YouTube Archived from the original on 2021-12-11.^ "Otis Opened Elevator Factory" .www.americaslibrary.gov . Retrieved2021-01-18 .^ "Our History" . Standard Chartered. Retrieved2012-08-07 .^ Tucker, Spencer C. (2014).World War I: The Definitive Encyclopedia and Document Collection . ABC-CLIO. pp. 767– 768.ISBN 978-1851099658 ^ Daniell, Lewis E. (1887).Personnel of the Texas State Government with Sketches of Distinguished Texans, Embracing the Executive Staff, Heads of Departments, United States Senators and Representatives, Members of the XXth legislature . Austin: Press of the City Printing Company. p. 19.LCCN 19016834 .The Secretary of State, was born in Houston county, Texas, on the twenty-third day of January, 1853. ^ Zelepos, Ioannis (29 September 2017).Kleine Geschichte Griechenlands: Von der Staatsgründung bis heute C.H.Beck . p. 79.ISBN 9783406714825 
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