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16 of the 48 seats in theUnited States Senate (plus special elections) 25 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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 Results: Jacksonian Hold Jacksonian Gain Anti-Jacksonian Hold Anti-Jacksonian Gain Nullifier Hold Legislature Failed To Elect | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The1834–35 United States Senate elections were held on various dates in various states. As theseU.S. Senate elections were prior to the ratification of theSeventeenth Amendment in 1913, senators were chosen bystate legislatures. Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1834 and 1835, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due tolegislative deadlock.[1] In these elections, terms were up for the senators inClass 2.
TheAnti-Jackson coalition maintained control of the Senate. However, during the 24th Congress, theJacksonian coalition gained control of the Senate.
Senate party division,24th Congress (1835–1837)
| NR1 | NR2 | NR3 | NR4 | ||||||
| NR14 | NR13 | NR12 | NR11 | NR10 | NR9 | NR8 | NR7 | NR6 | NR5 |
| NR15 | NR16 | NR17 | NR18 | NR19 Del. Ran | NR20 Miss. Ran | NR21 R.I. Ran | NR22 Va. Ran | NR23 La. Unknown | NR24 N.J. Unknown |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Majority → | NR25 Mass. Retired | ||||||||
| J15 Ga. Ran | J16 Ill. Ran | J17 N.C. Ran | J18 Tenn. Ran | J19 Ky. Unknown | N1 | N2 S.C. Ran | NR27 Maine Resigned | NR26 N.H. Retired | |
| J14 Ala. Ran | J13 | J12 | J11 | J10 | J9 | J8 | J7 | J6 | J5 |
| J1 | J2 | J3 | J4 | ||||||
| NR1 | NR2 | NR3 | NR4 | ||||||
| NR14 | NR13 | NR12 | NR11 | NR10 | NR9 | NR8 | NR7 | NR6 | NR5 |
| NR15 | NR16 | NR17 | NR18 | NR19 Del. Re-elected | NR20 R.I. Re-elected | NR21 Va. Re-elected | NR22 Mass. Hold | NR23 Ky. Gain | NR24 Tenn. Re-elected to different party |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plurality → | |||||||||
| J15 Ga. Re-elected | J16 Ill. Re-elected | J17 N.C. Re-elected | J18 Maine Gain | J19 Miss. Gain | J20 N.H. Gain | J21 N.J. Gain | N1 | N2 S.C. Re-elected | V1 La. NR Loss[a] |
| J14 Ala. Re-elected | J13 | J12 | J11 | J10 | J9 | J8 | J7 | J6 | J5 |
| J1 | J2 | J3 | J4 | ||||||
| Key: |
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In these special elections, the winners were seated during 1834 or before March 4, 1835; ordered by election date.
| State | Incumbent | Results | Candidates | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Senator | Party | Electoral history | |||
| Virginia (Class 2) | William Rives | Jacksonian | 1832(special) | Incumbent resigned February 22, 1834. Successor elected February 26, 1834. Winner was also elected to the next term; see below. National Republican gain. |
|
| Pennsylvania (Class 3) | William Wilkins | Jacksonian | 1832 | Incumbent resigned June 30, 1834, to becomeU.S. Minister to Russia. New senatorelected December 6, 1834. Jacksonian hold. |
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| Georgia (Class 3) | John Forsyth | Jacksonian | 1818(special) 1819(resigned) 1829(special) 1830 or 1831 | Incumbent resigned June 27, 1834, to becomeU.S. Minister to Spain. New senator elected January 12, 1835. Jacksonian hold. |
|
| Maryland (Class 3) | Ezekiel F. Chambers | National Republican | 1826(special) 1831 | Incumbent resigned December 20, 1834, to become judge of theMaryland Court of Appeals. New senator elected January 13, 1835. National Republican hold. |
|
| Maine (Class 2) | Peleg Sprague | National Republican | 1829 | Incumbent resigned January 1, 1835. New senator elected January 20, 1835. Successor was also elected to the next term; see below. Jacksonian gain. |
|
In these regular elections, the winner was seated on March 4, 1835; ordered by state.
All of the elections involved the Class 2 seats.
| State | Incumbent | Results | Candidates | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Senator | Party | Electoral history | |||
| Alabama | William R. King | Jacksonian | 1819 1822 1828 | Incumbent re-elected in 1834. |
|
| Delaware | John M. Clayton | National Republican | 1827(special) 1829 | Incumbent re-elected in 1835. |
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| Georgia | John Pendleton King | Jacksonian | 1833(special) | Incumbent re-elected in 1834. |
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| Illinois | John M. Robinson | Jacksonian | 1830(special) | Incumbent re-elected in 1835. |
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| Kentucky | George M. Bibb | Jacksonian | 1829 | Unknown if incumbent ran for re-election. New senator elected in 1835. National Republican gain. |
|
| Louisiana | George A. Waggaman | National Republican | 1831(special) | Unknown if incumbent ran for re-election. New senator elected in 1835, but resigned due to ill health before being seated. National Republican loss. |
|
| Maine | Peleg Sprague | National Republican | 1829 | Incumbent resigned December 20, 1834, to become judge of theMaryland Court of Appeals. New senator elected January 19, 1835. Jacksonian gain. Successor was also elected to finish the term; see above. |
|
| Massachusetts | Nathaniel Silsbee | National Republican | 1826(special) 1828 | Incumbent retired. New senator elected in 1835. National Republican hold. |
|
| Mississippi | George Poindexter | National Republican | 1830(appointed) 1830(special) | Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected in 1835. Jacksonian gain. |
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| New Hampshire | Samuel Bell | National Republican | 1823 | Incumbent retired. New senator elected in 1835. Jacksonian gain. |
|
| New Jersey | Theodore Frelinghuysen | National Republican | 1829 | Unknown if incumbent ran for re-election. New senator elected in 1835. Jacksonian gain. |
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| North Carolina | Bedford Brown | Jacksonian | 1829(special) | Incumbent re-elected in 1835. |
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| Rhode Island | Nehemiah R. Knight | National Republican | 1821(special) 1823 1829 | Incumbent re-elected May 13, 1835. |
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| South Carolina | John C. Calhoun | Nullifier | 1832(special) | Incumbent re-elected in 1834. |
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| Tennessee | Hugh Lawson White | Jacksonian | 1825(special) 1829 | Incumbent re-elected in 1835 as National Republican. National Republican gain. |
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| Virginia | Benjamin W. Leigh | National Republican | 1834(special) | Incumbent re-elected in 1835. |
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In this special election, the winner was seated in 1835 after March 4; ordered by election date.
| State | Incumbent | Results | Candidates | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Senator | Party | Electoral history | |||
| Connecticut (Class 1) | Nathan Smith | National Republican | 1832 | Incumbent died December 6, 1835. New senator elected December 21, 1835. Jacksonian gain. |
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In these elections, the winners were not seated until 1837.
| State | Incumbent | Results | Candidates | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Senator | Party | Electoral history | |||
| Michigan (Class 1) | None (new state) | New state. New senator waselected in November 1835 but not seated until January 6, 1837, due to a territorial dispute with Ohio. Jacksonian gain. |
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| Michigan (Class 2) | New state. New senator waselected in November 1835 but not seated until January 6, 1837, due to a territorial dispute with Ohio. Jacksonian gain. |
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![[icon]](/mt/?noimg=&dark=on&url=https%3a%2f%2fen.wikipedia.org%2fwiki%2fFile%3aWiki_letter_w_cropped.svg) | This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(January 2020) |
| This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(January 2020) |
| This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(January 2020) |
Georgia had two elections this cycle: aregular election for the class 2 seat and aspecial election for the class 3 seat.
| This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(January 2020) |
In the class 2 seat, incumbent JacksonianJohn Pendleton King, who had served sincewinning an 1833 special election, was re-elected sometime in 1834.
| This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(January 2020) |
In the class 3 seat, incumbent JacksonianJohn Forsyth, who had served sincewinning an 1829 special election, resigned June 27, 1834, to becomeU.S. Minister to Spain.
JacksonianAlfred Cuthbert was elected January 12, 1835.
| This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(January 2020) |
| This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(January 2020) |
| This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(January 2020) |
Maine had two elections this cycle, both for the class 2 seat.
Incumbent Anti-JacksonianPeleg Sprague, who waselected in 1829, resigned January 1, 1835.
JacksonianJohn Ruggles won both elections.
| This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(January 2020) |
JacksonianJohn Ruggles was elected January 19, 1835, to the next term. He was then elected to finish the current term,see below.
| This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(January 2020) |
JacksonianJohn Ruggles was elected January 20, 1835, to finish the term that would end March 3, 1835.
| This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(November 2022) |
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80 members of theMaryland General Assembly | ||||||||||||||||
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Ezekiel F. Chambers won election over non-voters by a margin of 63.10%, or 53 votes, for the Class 3 seat.[5]
| This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(January 2020) |
The new state of Michigan elected its new senators in 1835, both Jacksonians:Lucius Lyon (Class 1) andJohn Norvell (Class 2). They were not seated until January 26, 1837, due to a territorial dispute with Ohio.
| This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(January 2020) |
| This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(January 2020) |
| This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(January 2020) |
| This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(January 2020) |
| This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(January 2020) |
| This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(January 2020) |
| This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(January 2020) |
| This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(January 2020) |
Virginia had two elections this cycle, both for the class 2 seat.
Incumbent JacksonianWilliam Rives, who had justwon the 1832 special election, resigned February 22, 1834.
Anti-JacksonianBenjamin W. Leigh won both elections.
| This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(January 2020) |
Anti-JacksonianBenjamin W. Leigh was re-elected sometime in 1835 to the next term.
| This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(January 2020) |
Anti-JacksonianBenjamin W. Leigh was elected February 26, 1834, to finish the term that would end March 3, 1835. He was then elected to the next term,see above.
