1834–35 United States House of Representatives elections

← 1832 & 1833 July 7, 1834 – November 5, 1835[a] 1836 & 1837 →
All 242[b] seats in theUnited States House of Representatives 122 seats needed for a majority
Majority party Minority party   Leader James K. Polk John Bell Party Jacksonian National Republican Leader's seat Tennessee 9th Tennessee 7th Last election 143 seats 63 seats Seats won 143 75 Seat change 12 Popular vote 802,422 704,229 Percentage 48.89% 42.88%   Third party Fourth party   Party Nullifier Anti-Masonic Last election 9 seats 25 seats Seats won 8[c] 16 Seat change 1 9 Popular vote 19,151 50,330 Percentage 1.19% 3.07%   Fifth party   Party Independent Last election 0 seats Seats won 1[d] Seat change 1 Popular vote 52,062 Percentage 3.22%
Speaker before election John Bell Jacksonian Elected Speaker James K. Polk Jacksonian

The1834–35 United States House of Representatives elections were held on various dates in various states between July 7, 1834, and November 5, 1835. Each state set its own date for its elections to theHouse of Representatives before the first session of the24th United States Congress convened on December 7, 1835. They were held duringPresidentAndrew Jackson's second term. Elections were held for 240 seats that represented 24 states, as well as the at-large-district seat for the pending new state of Michigan.

Jacksonians benefitted from the president's continued popularity and the tight party organization of the nascentDemocratic Party to win a large majority of House seats for the new Congress. Their primary opponents, theNational Republicans, were coalescing and unifying as the Whig Party, reducing the influence ofsingle-issue parties, theAnti-Masonic Party (ananti-Masonry movement) and theNullifier Party (aJohn C. Calhoun-ledstates' rights party that supportedSouth Carolina during theNullification Crisis in 1832 and 1833). TheWhig Party evolved from theNational Republican Party and these minor parties. It appealed to diverse opponents of Jackson, including voters who perceived him as autocratic and brash, voters supporting greater spending and development on institutions and infrastructure, anti-Masons, and formerFederalists. As the balance of power in the House remained unchanged, with Jacksonians holding 142 seats, this was the smallest loss by a President's party in the House as a result of the so-calledsix-year itch.

When the House convened in December 1835, future presidentJames K. Polk, a staunch Jacksonian, waselected speaker. He defeated the incumbent speaker,John Bell, a Jacksonian who had split with the president on thenational bank and other issues. Bell subsequently aligned himself with the National Republicans in the 24th Congress.

Michigan was admitted during this Congress, adding 1 seat.^[1][e]

State	Type	Date	Total seats	National Republican		Anti-Masonic		Jacksonian		Nullifier
				Seats	Change	Seats	Change	Seats	Change	Seats	Change
Delaware	At-large	November 11, 1834	1	1		0		0		0
Georgia	At-large	October 6, 1834	9	0		0		9		0
Illinois	Districts	August 4, 1834	3	0		0		3		0
Louisiana	Districts	July 7–9, 1834	3	2		0		1		0
Maine	Districts	September 8, 1834	8	2	1	0		6	1	0
Massachusetts	Districts	November 10, 1834	12	8	1	3	1	1		0
New Jersey	At-large	October 14, 1834	6	0		0		6		0
New York	Districts	November 3–5, 1834	40	9	9	0	8	31	1	0
Ohio	Districts	October 14, 1834	19	9	3	1	1	9	2	0
Pennsylvania	Districts	October 14, 1834	28	3	1	8	2	17	3	0
South Carolina	Districts	October 13–14, 1834	9	0		0		2	1	7	1
Vermont	Districts	September 2, 1834	5	3		2		0		0
Late elections after the March 4, 1835 beginning of the term.
New Hampshire	At-large	March 10, 1835	5	0		0		5		0
Virginia	Districts	April 1835	21	5	2	0		16	2	0
Connecticut	At-large	April 9, 1835	6	0	6	0		6	6	0
Alabama	Districts	August 3, 1835	5	2	2	0		2	2	1
Indiana	Districts	August 3, 1835	7	1	1	0		6	1	0
Missouri	At-large	August 3, 1835	2	1		0		1		0
Kentucky	Districts	August 5, 1835	13	9		0		4		0
Tennessee	Districts	August 5–6, 1835	13	9	8	0		4	8	0
North Carolina	Districts	August 13, 1835	13	7		0		6		0
Rhode Island	At-large	August 25, 1835	2	0	1	2	1	0		0
Maryland	Districts	October 5, 1835	8	4	2	0		4	2	0
Michigan[f][e]	At-large	October 5, 1835	1	0		0		1	1	0
Mississippi	At-large	November 3–5, 1835	2	1	1	0		1	1	0
Total[b]			2411	75 31.1%	12	16 6.6%	9	142 58.9%		8 3.3%	1

This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(December 2019)

Alabama elected its members August 3, 1835, after the beginning of the term but before the House convened.

SeeNon-voting delegates, below.

Connecticut elected its members April 9, 1835, after the beginning of the term but before the House convened.

Delaware re-elected its member November 11, 1834.

SeeNon-voting delegates, below.

Elections were held October 6, 1834.

Illinois elected its three members on August 4, 1834.

Indiana elected its members August 3, 1835, after the beginning of the term but before the House convened.

Kentucky elected its members August 5, 1835, after the beginning of the term but before the House convened.

Louisiana elected its members July 7–9, 1834.

Maine elected its members September 8, 1834.

Maryland elected its members October 5, 1835, after the beginning of the term but before the House convened.

Elections were held November 10, 1834, but at least one district's elections went to multiple ballots into 1835.

Michigan elected its member October 5, 1835, after the beginning of the term but before the House convened.

The House refused to admit the member from Michigan due to a conflict with Ohio, so he was seated only as a non-voting delegate until January 27, 1837.

SeeNon-voting delegates, below.

Mississippi elected its members November 3–5, 1835, after the beginning of the term but before the House convened.

Missouri elected its members August 3, 1835, after the beginning of the term but before the House convened.

New Hampshire elected its members March 10, 1835, after the beginning of the term but before the House convened.

New Jersey elected its members October 14, 1834.

New York elected its members November 3–5, 1834.

North Carolina elected its members August 13, 1835, after the beginning of the term but before the House convened.

Ohio elected its members October 14, 1834.

Pennsylvania elected its members October 14, 1834.

Rhode Island elected its members August 25, 1835, after the beginning of the term but before the House convened.

South Carolina elected its members October 13–14, 1834.

Tennessee elected its members August 5–6, 1835, after the beginning of the term but before the House convened.

Vermont elected its members September 2, 1834.

Virginia elected its members April 1835, after the beginning of the term but before the House convened.

• 1834 United States elections
  • List of United States House of Representatives elections (1824–1854)
  • 1834–35 United States Senate elections
• 23rd United States Congress
• 24th United States Congress

• Dubin, Michael J. (March 1, 1998).United States Congressional Elections, 1788-1997: The Official Results of the Elections of the 1st Through 105th Congresses. McFarland and Company.ISBN 978-0786402830.
• Martis, Kenneth C. (January 1, 1989).The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, 1789-1989. Macmillan Publishing Company.ISBN 978-0029201701.
• Moore, John L., ed. (1994).Congressional Quarterly's Guide to U.S. Elections (Third ed.). Congressional Quarterly Inc.ISBN 978-0871879967.
• "Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present". Office of the Historian, House of United States House of Representatives. RetrievedJanuary 21, 2015.

• Office of the Historian (Office of Art & Archives, Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives)

• 1834 United States House of Representatives elections
• 1835 United States House of Representatives elections
• Richard Mentor Johnson

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