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1832–33 United States Senate elections

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(Redirected from1833 United States Senate election in New Jersey)

1832–33 United States Senate elections

← 1830 & 1831Dates vary by state1834 & 1835 →

16 of the 48 seats in theUnited States Senate (plus special elections)
25 seats needed for a majority
 Majority partyMinority party
 
PartyNational RepublicanJacksonian
Last election20 seats26 seats
Seats before2224
Seats won86
Seats after2321
Seat changeIncrease 1Decrease 3
Seats up79

 Third party
 
PartyNullifier
Last election1 seat
Seats before2
Seats won0
Seats after2
Seat changeSteady
Seats up0

Results:
     Jacksonian hold     Jacksonian gain
     Anti-Jacksonian hold     Anti-Jacksonian gain
     Nullifier hold     Legislature failed to elect

Majority Party before election


Jacksonian

Elected Majority Party


Anti-Jacksonian

The 1832–33 United States Senate elections were held on various dates in various states. As theseU.S. Senate elections were prior to the ratification of theSeventeenth Amendment in 1913, senators were chosen bystate legislatures. Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1832 and 1833, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due tolegislative deadlock.[1] In these elections, terms were up for the senators inClass 1.

TheAnti-Jacksonian coalition assumed control of the Senate from theJacksonian coalition, despiteAndrew Jackson's victory in the1832 presidential election.

Change in composition

[edit]

Before the elections

[edit]

After the January 3, 1832 special election in Indiana.

NR1NR2NR3NR4
NR14NR13NR12NR11NR10NR9NR8NR7NR6NR5
NR15NR16
Conn.
Ran
NR17
Del.
Ran
NR18
Mass.
Ran
NR19
R.I.
Ran
NR20
Maine
Retired
NR21
Ohio
Retired
NR22
Vt.
Retired
N1
S.C.
Hold
N2
Majority (with VP tie-breaking vote) →J24
Pa.
Retired
J15J16
Ind.
Ran
J17
Mo.
Ran
J18
Tenn.
Ran
J19
Va.
Ran
J20
Md.
Unknown
J21
Miss.
Unknown
J22
N.J.
Unknown
J23
N.Y.
Unknown
J14J13J12J11J10J9J8J7J6J5
J1
N.Y.
Hold
J2
Va.
Hold
J3J4

As a result of the regular elections

[edit]
NR1NR2NR3NR4
NR14NR13NR12NR11NR10NR9NR8NR7NR6NR5
NR15NR16
Del.
Re-elected
NR17
Mass.
Re-elected
NR18
R.I.
Re-elected
NR19
Conn.
Hold
NR20
Vt.
Hold
NR21
Md.
Gain
NR22
N.J.
Gain
NR23
Va.
Gain
N1
Plurality ↑N2
J15J16
Ind.
Re-elected
J17
Mo.
Re-elected
J18
Tenn.
Re-elected
J19
N.Y.
Hold
J20
Maine
Gain
J21
Ohio
Gain
V1
Miss.
J Loss
V2
Pa.
J Loss
J14J13J12J11J10J9J8J7J6J5
J1J2J3J4

At the beginning of the first session, December 2, 1833

[edit]
NR1NR2NR3NR4
NR14
Ala.
Gain
NR13NR12NR11NR10NR9NR8NR7NR6NR5
NR15
N.C.
Gain
NR16NR17NR18NR19NR20NR21NR22NR23NR24
Majority →NR25
J15
Ga.
Hold
J16J17J18J19V1N2
S.C.
Hold
N1NR26
Miss.
Gain
J14J13J12J11J10J9J8J7J6J5
J1J2J3J4
Key:
NR#=Anti-Jacksonian
J#=Jacksonian
N#=Nullfier
V#= Vacant

Race summaries

[edit]

Special elections during the 22nd Congress

[edit]

In these special elections, the winners were seated during 1832 or before March 4, 1833; ordered by election date.

StateIncumbentResultsCandidates
SenatorPartyElectoral history
Indiana
(Class 1)
Robert HannaNational
Republican
1831(appointed)Interim appointee retired when elected successor qualified.
New senator elected January 3, 1832.
Winner was also elected to the next term, see below.
Jacksonian gain.
Virginia
(Class 2)
Littleton Waller TazewellJacksonian1824(special)
1829
Incumbent resigned July 16, 1832.
New senator elected December 10, 1832.
Jacksonian hold.
South Carolina
(Class 2)
Robert Y. HayneNullifier1822
1828
Incumbent resigned December 13, 1832 to becomeGovernor of South Carolina.
New senator elected December 29, 1832.
Nullifier hold.
New York
(Class 3)
William L. MarcyJacksonian1831Incumbent resigned January 1, 1833 to becomeGovernor of New York.
New senatorelected January 4, 1833.
Jacksonian hold.

Races leading to the 23rd Congress

[edit]

In these regular elections, the winner was seated on March 4, 1833; ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 1 seats.

StateIncumbentResultsCandidates
SenatorPartyElectoral history
ConnecticutSamuel A. FootNational
Republican
1826Incumbent lost re-election, and was thenelected to the U.S. House of Representatives instead.
New senator elected in 1832.
National Republican hold.
DelawareArnold NaudainNational
Republican
1830(special)Incumbent re-elected in 1832.
IndianaJohn TiptonJacksonian1832(special)Incumbent re-elected in 1832.
MaineJohn HolmesNational
Republican
1820(special)
1820
1826(retired or lost)
1829(special)
Incumbent retired.
Winner elected January 23, 1833.
Jacksonian gain.
MarylandSamuel SmithJacksonian1802
1809
1815(lost)
1822(special)
1827
Incumbent retired or lost re-election.
New senator elected in 1833.
National Republican gain.
MassachusettsDaniel WebsterNational
Republican
1827(special)Incumbent re-elected in 1833.
MississippiJohn BlackJacksonian1832(Appointed)Legislature failed to elect.
Jacksonian loss.
Incumbent would later be elected as an National Republican; see below.
[data missing]
MissouriThomas H. BentonJacksonian1821
1827
Incumbent re-elected in 1833.
New JerseyMahlon DickersonJacksonian1817
1823
1829(resigned)
1829(special)
Incumbent retired or lost re-election.
New senator elected in 1833.
National Republican gain.
New YorkCharles E. DudleyJacksonian1829(special)Incumbent retired.
New senatorelected in 1833.
Jacksonian hold.
OhioBenjamin RugglesNational
Republican
1815
1821
1827
Incumbent retired.
New senator elected in 1833.
Jacksonian gain.
PennsylvaniaGeorge M. DallasJacksonian1831(special)Incumbent retired.
Legislature failed to elect.
Jacksonian loss.
Rhode IslandAsher RobbinsNational
Republican
1825(special)
1827
Incumbent re-elected January 19, 1833.
TennesseeFelix GrundyJacksonian1829(special)Incumbent re-elected in 1833.
VermontHoratio SeymourNational
Republican
1821
1827
Incumbent retired torun for Vermont Governor.
New senator elected in 1833.
National Republican hold.
VirginiaJohn TylerJacksonian1827Incumbent re-elected as a National Republican in 1833.
National Republican gain.

Elections during the 23rd Congress

[edit]

There were two late regular elections and two special elections, in which the winners were seated in 1833 after March 4. They are ordered here by election date.

StateIncumbentResultsCandidates
SenatorPartyElectoral history
Georgia
(Class 3)
George TroupJacksonian1816(special)
1816
1818(resigned)
1828
Incumbent resigned November 8, 1833.
Successor elected November 21, 1833.
Jacksonian hold.
Mississippi
(Class 1)
VacantLegislature had failed to elect and the seat was vacant from March 4, 1833.
Incumbent Jacksonian appointee was then elected as an Anti-Jacksonian late November 22, 1833.
National Republican gain.
South Carolina
(Class 3)
Stephen D. MillerNullifier1830Incumbent resigned March 2, 1833 due to ill health.
Successor elected November 26, 1833.
Nullifier hold.
Pennsylvania
(Class 1)
VacantLegislature had previously failed to elect.
Successorelected late December 7, 1833.
Jacksonian gain.

Connecticut

[edit]
See also:List of United States senators from Connecticut
[icon]
This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(November 2019)

Delaware

[edit]
See also:List of United States senators from Delaware
[icon]
This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(November 2019)

Georgia (special)

[edit]
See also:List of United States senators from Georgia and1832 United States House of Representatives election in Georgia
[icon]
This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(February 2020)

JacksonianGeorge Troup resigned November 8, 1833 and JacksonianJohn Pendleton King was elected November 21, 1833 to finish the term that would end March 3, 1835.

Indiana

[edit]
See also:List of United States senators from Indiana and1833 United States House of Representatives elections in Indiana

Class 1 Anti-Jacksonian senatorJames Noble died February 26, 1831, having served in office since statehood in 1816. Anti-JacksonianRobert Hanna was appointed August 19, 1831 to serve until a special election, and Hanna did not run for the seat.

Indiana (special)

[edit]

On January 3, 1832, JacksonianJohn Tipton was elected to finish Noble's term, ending March 3, 1833.

[icon]
This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(March 2020)

Indiana (regular)

[edit]

That same day, JacksonianJohn Tipton was also elected to the next term, beginning March 4, 1833.

[icon]
This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(March 2020)

Maine

[edit]
See also:List of United States senators from Maine
[icon]
This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(November 2019)

Maryland

[edit]
See also:List of United States senators from Maryland
[icon]
This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(November 2022)
1833 United States Senate election in Maryland
← 1827January 25, 18331838 →

80 members of theMaryland General Assembly
 
CandidateJoseph KentSamuel Smith
PartyNational RepublicanJacksonian democracy
Legislative vote6125
Percentage70.93%29.07

Joseph Kent won election overSamuel Smith by a margin of 41.86%, or 36 votes, for the Class 1 seat.[4]

Massachusetts

[edit]
See also:List of United States senators from Massachusetts
[icon]
This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(November 2019)

Mississippi

[edit]
See also:List of United States senators from Mississippi and1832 United States House of Representatives election in Mississippi

Jacksonian senatorPowhatan Ellis resigned July 16, 1832 to become a U.S. District Judge. The governor appointed JacksonianJohn Black to finish the term. But when the term ended March 3, 1833, the legislature had failed to appoint a successor.

Black was eventually elected to the seat November 22, 1833, this time as an Anti-Jacksonian.

Missouri

[edit]
See also:List of United States senators from Missouri
[icon]
This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(November 2019)

New Jersey

[edit]
See also:List of United States senators from New Jersey
[icon]
This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(November 2019)

New York

[edit]
See also:List of United States senators from New York and1832 United States House of Representatives elections in New York

New York (special)

[edit]
Main article:1833 United States Senate special election in New York

William L. Marcy had beenelected in 1831 to the class 3 seat. InNovember 1832, Marcy was elected governor, and upon taking office resigned his Senate seat on January 1, 1833.

On January 4, 1833, Silas Wright Jr. was the choice of both the Assembly and the Senate and was declared elected.

1833 United States Senate special election result
CandidatePartySenate
(32 members)
Assembly
(128 members)
Silas Wright Jr.Jacksonian2499
John C. SpencerAnti-Mason38
James Burt12
Gerrit Smith11
James Kent4
Albert Gallatin3
Gideon Hawley3
John BirdsallAnti-Mason1
Myron Holley1
William Thompson1
Albert H. TracyAnti-Mason1
Samuel A. Foot1

New York (regular)

[edit]
Main article:1833 United States Senate election in New York

For the regular election,Nathaniel P. Tallmadge received majorities in both the Assembly and the Senate, and was declared elected. Due to the controversy about his eligibility, he received only very small majorities - one more than necessary in the Senate, and four more than necessary in the Assembly - although his party had large majorities in both houses of the Legislature.

1833 United States Senator election result
HouseJacksonianAnti-Mason/National RepublicanJacksonian
State Senate (32 members)Nathaniel P. Tallmadge18Francis Granger6Benjamin F. Butler2
State Assembly (128 members)Nathaniel P. Tallmadge69Francis Granger25Benjamin F. Butler12

Ohio

[edit]
See also:List of United States senators from Ohio
[icon]
This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(November 2019)

Pennsylvania

[edit]
Main article:1832–33 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania
See also:List of United States senators from Pennsylvania

The election was held on eleven separate dates from December 1832 to December 1833. On December 7, 1833,Samuel McKean was elected by thePennsylvania General Assembly to theUnited States Senate.[5][6]

The Pennsylvania General Assembly, consisting of theHouse of Representatives and theSenate, convened on December 11, 1832, for the regularly scheduled Senate election for the term beginning on March 4, 1833. A total of thirty-six ballots were recorded. Ballots 1-17 were recorded on four separate dates (11th, 12th, 13th, 15th) in December 1832. Ballots 18-21 were recorded on two separate dates (9th and 10th) in January 1833. Ballots 22-29 were recorded on two separate dates (19th and 20th) in February 1833. The thirtieth ballot was recorded on March 12, 1833, followed by three additional ballots on April 2. Following the thirty-third ballot on April 2, the election convention adjournedsine die without electing a Senator.[5]

Upon the expiration of incumbentGeorge M. Dallas's term on March 4, 1833, the seat was vacated. It was vacant until the election convention of the General Assembly re-convened on December 7, 1833, and electedJacksonianSamuel McKean to the seat after three additional ballots.[6] The results of the third and final ballot (thirty-sixth ballot in total) of both houses combined during the December 7 session are as follows:

State Legislature results[6][7]
PartyCandidateVotes%
JacksonianSamuel McKean7455.64
Anti-MasonicWilliam Clark2821.05%
JacksonianThomas H. Crawford1914.29%
JacksonianJames Buchanan53.76%
Anti-JacksonianGarrick Mallery32.26%
JacksonianAdam King10.75%
N/ANot voting32.26%
Totals133100.00%

Rhode Island

[edit]
See also:List of United States senators from Rhode Island
[icon]
This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(November 2019)

South Carolina (special)

[edit]
See also:List of United States senators from South Carolina and1833 United States House of Representatives elections in South Carolina

There were two special elections to the U.S. Senate in South Carolina during this cycle.

South Carolina (special, class 2)

[edit]

The first election, on December 29, 1832, was to the class 2 seat held by NullifierRobert Y. Hayne, who had resigned December 13, 1832 to becomeGovernor of South Carolina. That election, for the term ending March 3, 1835, was won by NullifierJohn C. Calhoun.

South Carolina (special, class 3)

[edit]

The second election, on November 25, 1833, was to the Class 3 seat held by NullifierStephen D. Miller, who had resigned March 2, 1833. That election, for the term ending March 3, 1837, was won by NullifierWilliam C. Preston.

[icon]
This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(November 2019)

Tennessee

[edit]
See also:List of United States senators from Tennessee
[icon]
This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(November 2019)

Vermont

[edit]
See also:List of United States senators from Vermont
[icon]
This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(November 2019)

Virginia

[edit]
SenatorWilliam C. Rives
SenatorJohn Tyler
See also:List of United States senators from Virginia and1833 United States House of Representatives elections in Virginia

Virginia (special)

[edit]
[icon]
This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(March 2020)

Incumbent Jacksonian senatorLittleton Tazewell resigned July 16, 1832 to becomeGovernor of Virginia. On December 10, 1832, JacksonianWilliam C. Rives was elected to finish the Class 2 seat's term ending March 3, 1837. He would only serve, however, until his February 22, 1834 resignation.

Virginia (regular)

[edit]
[icon]
This sectionneeds expansion. You can help byadding to it.(November 2019)

Incumbent senator (and future president),John Tyler was re-elected to the Class 1 seat in 1833, changing from Jacksonian to Anti-Jacksonian.

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ also National Republican

References

[edit]
  1. ^"17th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Direct Election of U.S. Senators (1913)".National Archives and Records Administration. February 8, 2022.
  2. ^"Our Campaigns - ME US Senate Race - Jan 17, 1833".www.ourcampaigns.com. June 26, 2019. RetrievedNovember 4, 2019.
  3. ^J. Fred Parker, Secretary of State (1914).Manual, with Rules and Orders, for the use of the General Assembly of the State of Rhode Island, 1914. State of Rhode Island manual. Providence, RI: E. L. Freeman Company, State Printers. p. 149.
  4. ^"Our Campaigns - MD US Senate Race - Jan 25, 1833".www.ourcampaigns.com. RetrievedNovember 5, 2022.
  5. ^ab"U.S. Senate Election - 1832-33"(PDF). Wilkes University. RetrievedDecember 22, 2012.
  6. ^abc"U.S. Senate Election - 7 December 1833"(PDF). Wilkes University. RetrievedDecember 22, 2012.
  7. ^"PA US Senate". OurCampaigns. RetrievedDecember 22, 2012.
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