This article is about the year 1822. For the book by Laurentino Gomes, see
1822 (book) .
Calendar year
December 1 : Dom Pedro I is crowned as the firstEmperor of Brazil .March 31 : TheChios massacre of more than 20,000 Greek residents ofChios is carried out by Ottoman Empire troops.1822 by topic Humanities By country Other topics Lists of leaders Birth and death categories Establishments and disestablishments categories Works category
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1822 .
August 16 : Funeral ofShelley 1822 (MDCCCXXII ) was acommon year starting on Tuesday of theGregorian calendar and acommon year starting on Sunday of theJulian calendar , the 1822nd year of theCommon Era (CE) andAnno Domini 2nd millennium , the 22nd year of the19th century , and the 3rd year of the1820s decade. As of the start of 1822, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
Calendar year
January 1 – TheGreek Constitution of 1822 is adopted by theFirst National Assembly at Epidaurus .January 3 – The famous French explorer,Aimé Bonpland , is imprisoned in Paraguay on charges of espionage.January 7 – The first freed slaves from theUnited States arrive on the west coast of Africa , foundingMonrovia on April 25.January 9 – The Portuguese princePedro I of Brazil decides to stay inBrazil against the orders of thePortugal 'sKing João VI , beginning the Brazilian independence process.January 13 – The design of the modern-dayflag of Greece is adopted by theFirst National Assembly at Epidaurus , for theirnaval flag .January 14 – Greek War of Independence:Acrocorinth is captured byTheodoros Kolokotronis andDemetrios Ypsilantis .February 6 – The Chinesejunk Tek Sing South China Sea , drowning more than 1,800 people on board. The wreckage will not be located until1999 .[ 1] February 9 – Theinvading Haitian forces, led byJean-Pierre Boyer , arrive inSanto Domingo , to overthrow the newly foundedDominican Republic .February 24 – The firstSwaminarayan temple ,Kalupur Swaminarayan Mandir Ahmedabad in theBritish Raj , is inaugurated.March 19 March 31 –Greek War of Independence –Chios massacre : 20,000 Greeks on the island ofChios are slaughtered byOttoman troops, and 23,000 more are exiled.[ 2] April 25 – TheAmerican Colonization Society lands atCape Mesurado on the West African coast, after purchasing 60 miles (97 km) of coastline. The settlement will soon becomeMonrovia , as the nation ofLiberia is established to fill the ACS mission of freeing black American slaves and sending them "back to Africa".[ 3] April 30 –George Canning , President of the Board of Control in the House of Commons, moves to repeal a law that prohibited Roman Catholic peers from sitting or voting in theHouse of Lords . The motion passes, 235–223, on its second reading, but the House of Lords declines to pass it.[ 4] May 16 –Nairs , the upper caste in British Raj, attack Sandar women for covering their upper body and breasts.May 24 –Battle of Pichincha :Simón Bolívar secures the independence ofQuito .May 25 –Christos Palaskas and Alexis Noutsos are executed byOdysseas Androutsos ' forces.May 26 –Grue Church fire : The biggest fire disaster in Norway's history kills 116 people.June 6 –Alexis St. Martin is accidentally shot in the stomach, which leads the way toWilliam Beaumont 's studies on digestion.June 18 –Greek War of Independence :Konstantinos Kanaris blows up theOttoman navy 's flagship atChios , killing theKapudan Pasha Nasuhzade Ali Pasha .[ 5] July 3 –Charles Babbage publishes a proposal for adifference engine logarithms andtrigonometric functions. Construction of an operational version will proceed under British Government sponsorship (1823–1832), but it will never be completed.[ 6] July 7 –July 1822 Spanish coup d'état , an attempt by supporters ofFerdinand VII to overthrow theLiberal government ofSpain , fails.July 8 – TheChippewa people cede a huge tract of land inOntario to British control.July 13 –Greek War of Independence : Greek soldiers defeatOttoman forces atThermopylae .July 26 –Guayaquil Conference :José de San Martín arrives inGuayaquil ,Ecuador , to meetSimón Bolívar .July 27 – Guayaquil Conference:Simón Bolívar and GeneralJosé de San Martín meet inGuayaquil , which Bolívar later annexes.July 31 – The last publicwhipping is carried out inEdinburgh .August 5 –13 –A sequence of earthquakes occurs in the northern part of theOttoman Empire , causing severe damage fromGaziantep toAntakya in modern Turkey and fromAleppo toKhan Sheikhun in modern Syria. At least 20,000 people are killed.[ 7] [ 8] August 12 August 15 — Thevisit of King George IV to Scotland begins and lasts until –August 29 .[ 10] August 16 — The body of British poetPercy Bysse Shelley , who died on July 8 in the sinking of his boatDon Juan , is cremated at the beach, 10 days after his decomposed remains had washed ashore in Italy nearViareggio , in the presence ofLord Byron andEdward John Trelawny , who claims to have seized Shelley's heart from the flames.[ 11] August 22 – The English shipOrion lands at Yerba Buena on the North American west coast of Mexico, under the command ofWilliam A. Richardson . The area is later acquired by the U.S. and becomes the site ofSan Francisco .September 7 –Brazil declares its independence fromPortugal .[ 12] September 8 –13 –Battle of Nauplia : In a series of naval engagements, theOttoman Fleet fails to break through theGreek Fleet , under AdmiralAndreas Vokos Miaoulis .September 11 – TheRoman Catholic Church first permits the publication ofGalileo Galilei 's 1632 treatise,Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems September 16 September 22 – Portugal approves its first Constitution.September 27 –Jean-François Champollion announces his success in decipheringEgyptian hieroglyphs , using theRosetta Stone , in a letter to theAcadémie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres Thomas Young ).October 8 – TheGalunggung volcano erupts onWest Java , and is followed four days later by a second, more violent outburst. The two events kill more than 4,000 people and destroy 114 villages.[ 13] October 12 –Pedro, Crown Prince of Portugal , is declared the constitutionalEmperor of Brazil , as Pedro the First.October 20 – TheCongress of Verona opens in theAustrian -ruled province ofLombardy-Venetia . The event is the largest diplomatic gathering since theCongress of Vienna seven years earlier. The Congress lasts untilDecember 14 , andRussia ,Austria andPrussia approveFrench intervention inSpain .October 21 – The volcanoMount Vesuvius nearNaples erupts.[ 14] October 31 – EmperorAgustín de Iturbide of theFirst Mexican Empire dissolves the country'sCongress of the Union , and replaces it with amilitary junta .November 9 –Action of 9 November 1822 :USS Alligator (1820) engages threepirate schooners offCuba , as part of theWest Indies anti-piracy operations of the United States .November 13 November 19 – An earthquake nearValparaíso inChile kills around 200 people, causes a tsunami and raises the coastal area.November 22 – A fire inGuangzhou (Canton) kills 500 people, and destroys 13,070 homes and several European-owned businesses.[ 15] December 1 –Pedro I is crowned as the firstEmperor of Brazil .December 14 – TheCongress of Verona ends having endorsedFrench Intervention in Spain Francis Galton Ján Francisci-Rimavský January 2 –Rudolf Clausius , German physicist (d. 1888)January 6 January 9 –Carol Benesch ,Silesian andRomanian architect (d. 1896)January 12 –Étienne Lenoir , Belgian engineer (d. 1900)January 25 –Charles Reed Bishop , American businessman,philanthropist in Hawaii (d. 1915)January 28 –Alexander Mackenzie , 2ndPrime Minister of Canada (d. 1892)February 4 –Edward Fitzgerald Beale , American Navy Lieutenant, explorer (d. 1893)February 16 – SirFrancis Galton , English biologist (d. 1911)c.March –Harriet Tubman (born Araminta Ross), African-American abolitionist, humanitarian and spy (d. 1913) March 14 –Teresa Cristina of the Two Sicilies ,Empress consort of Brazil (d. 1889)April 3 –Edward Everett Hale , American writer (d. 1909)April 26 –Frederick Law Olmsted , American landscape architect (d. 1903)April 27 –Ulysses S. Grant , 18thPresident of the United States (d. 1885)May 3 –István Bittó , 7th Prime Minister of Hungary (d. 1903)May 18 –Mathew Brady , American photographer (d. 1896)May 20 –Frédéric Passy , French economist, recipient of theNobel Peace Prize (d. 1912)May 26 –Edmond de Goncourt , French writer (d. 1896)May 11 –Henry Baker Tristram , English clergyman, ornithologist. (d. 1906)June 10 –John Jacob Astor III , American businessman (d. 1890)Gregor Mendel Louis Pasteur July 4 –Jean-Baptiste Claude Eugène Guillaume , French sculptor (d. 1905)July 19 –Princess Augusta of Cambridge (d. 1916)July 20 –Gregor Mendel , Czech geneticist (d. 1884)July 21 –Elizabeth Herbert, Baroness Herbert of Lea , English Catholic writer, translator, philanthropist, and influential social figure (d. 1911)July 25 –Andrew Bryson , American admiral (d. 1892)August 12 –August von Bulmerincq ,Baltic German legal scholar (d. 1890)August 27 –William Hayden English , American politician (d. 1896)September 22 –Avraamy Aslanbegov , Russian admiral and historian (d. 1900)October 4 –Rutherford B. Hayes , 19thPresident of the United States (d. 1893)October 6 –Benjamin F. Isherwood , American admiral, United States Navy Engineer-in-Chief (d. 1915)December 10 –César Franck , Belgian composer, organist (d. 1890)December 24 –Matthew Arnold , English poet (d. 1888)December 27 –Louis Pasteur , French microbiologist, chemist (d. 1895)Duke of Richelieu .January 10 –Bathilde d'Orléans , French princess (b. 1750)January 16 –Elisabeth Berenberg , German banker (b. 1749)January 21 –Marie Aimée Lullin , Swiss entomologist (b. 1751)January 24 –Ali Pasha of Yanina , ruler of European Turkey (b. 1741)February 10 –Prince Albert of Saxony, Duke of Teschen (b. 1738)February 20 –John "Walking" Stewart , English traveller, philosopher (b. 1747)February 24 –Thomas Coutts , British banker (b. 1735)February 27 –John Borlase Warren , British admiral (b. 1753)March 1 –Jack Jouett , American politician (b. 1754)March 16 –Jeanne-Louise-Henriette Campan , French educator, lady in waiting (b. 1752)March 19 –Valentin Haüy , French educator, founder of the first school for the blind (b. 1745)April 14 –Edmund Butcher , English Unitarian minister (b. 1757)April 20 –Allegra Byron , illegitimate daughter ofLord Byron (b. 1817)May 8 –John Stark , American Revolutionary War general (b. 1728)May 17 –Armand-Emmanuel de Vignerot du Plessis, Duc de Richelieu , Prime Minister of France (b. 1766)May 27 –Augustus, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg (b. 1772)June 3 June 15 –Horatio Walpole, 2nd Earl of Orford (b. 1752)June 25 –E. T. A. Hoffmann , German Romantic author (b. 1776)Percy Bysshe Shelley Robert Stewart, Viscount Castlereagh William Herschel July 8 –Percy Bysshe Shelley , British poet (b. 1792)July 15 –Manuel Torres , first Colombian ambassador to the United States (b. 1762)August 4 –Kristjan Jaak Peterson , Estonian poet (b. 1801)August 12 –Robert Stewart, Viscount Castlereagh , British foreign secretary (suicide) (b. 1769)August 25 –William Herschel , German-born British astronomer (b. 1738)September 8 –Sophie de Condorcet , politically active French salonist, feminist (b. 1764)October 13 –Antonio Canova , Italian sculptor (b. 1757)October 16 –Eva Marie Veigel , Austrian-born English ballet dancer, known asLa Violette (b. 1724)October 25 –Sara Oust , Norwegian lay minister (b. 1778)October 26 –Mahmud Dramali Pasha , Ottoman vizier (b. c. 1780)October 31 –Jared Ingersoll , U.S. presidential candidate (b. 1749)November 6 –Claude Louis Berthollet , French chemist (b. 1748)November 24 –Zofia Potocka , Greek-Polish noble and agent (b. 1760)November 26 –Karl August von Hardenberg ,Prussian politician (b. 1750)December 7 –John Aikin , English doctor and writer (b. 1747)December 17 –Giovanni Fabbroni , Italian scientist (b. 1752)^ "Treasures of the Tek Sing" . Archived fromthe original on January 24, 2008. RetrievedAugust 3, 2019 .^ Dadrian, Vahakn N. (1999).Warrant for Genocide: Key Elements of Turko-Armenian Conflict 153 .ISBN 1560003898 ^ "The Republic of Liberia, Its Products and Resources", by Gerald Ralston, inThe Nautical Magazine and Naval Chronicle (October 1862) p520 ^ Rev. James Taylor,The Age We Live in: A History of the Nineteenth Century, from the Peace of 1815 to the Present Time (William Mackenzie Co., 1882) p286 ^ Finlay, George (1861).History of the Greek Revolution, Vol. I 316– 318.^ Hyman, Anthony (1982).Charles Babbage: Pioneer of the Computer Oxford University Press . pp. 51ff.ISBN 0-19-858170-X ^ Ambraseys, N.N. (1989)."Temporary seismic quiescence: SE Turkey" .Geophysical Journal International .96 (2):311– 331.Bibcode :1989GeoJI..96..311A .doi :10.1111/j.1365-246X.1989.tb04453.x ^ Sbeinati, M.R.; Darawcheh, R. & Mouty, M. (2005)."The historical earthquakes of Syria: an analysis of large and moderate earthquakes from 1365 B.C. to 1900 A.D." (PDF) .Annals of Geophysics .48 (3):347– 435. Retrieved16 February 2023 . ^ Gates, Barbara.Victorian Suicide: Mad Crimes and Sad Histories . Princeton University Press, 2014 p.3. ^ Prebble, John (1988).The King's Jaunt: George IV in Scotland, August 1822 'One and Twenty Daft Days' ISBN 0-00-215404-8 ^ Prell, Donald (2007). "The Sinking of theDon Juan ".Keats–Shelley Journal .LVI :136– 54.^ NewsPaper, The Brasilians (2024-08-26)."Celebrating 202 Years of Brazilian Independence: A Journey Through Time" .The Brasilians . Retrieved2025-07-13 . ^ Mungo Ponton,Earthquakes and Volcanoes: Their History, Phenomena, and Probable Causes (T. Nelson and Sons, 1870) pp223-225 ^ * Scarth, Alywn.Vesuvius: A Biography . Princeton University Press, 2022 ^ "Fires, Great", inThe Insurance Cyclopeadia: Being an Historical Treasury of Events and Circumstances Connected with the Origin and Progress of Insurance , Cornelius Walford, ed. (C. and E. Layton, 1876) pp71 
