Calendar year
April 6 (March 25 Greek calendar): Germanos of Patras declares the independence of Greece from the Ottoman Empire to start theGreek War of Independence .1821 by topic Humanities By country Other topics Lists of leaders Birth and death categories Establishments and disestablishments categories Works category
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1821 .
1821 (MDCCCXXI ) was acommon year starting on Monday of theGregorian calendar and acommon year starting on Saturday of theJulian calendar , the 1821st year of theCommon Era (CE) andAnno Domini 2nd millennium , the 21st year of the19th century , and the 2nd year of the1820s decade. As of the start of 1821, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
Calendar year
June 24:Battle of Carabobo July 19: Coronation ofGeorge IV of the United Kingdom July 28: Proclamation of theIndependence of Peru September 15: Declaration ofIndependence of Central America September 27: Entrance of theArmy of the Three Guarantees to Mexico City July 4 – Return ofJohn VI from Brazil to Portugal who approves on that day theBases da Constituição .July 19 –George IV is crowned King of theUnited Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland . His estranged wife,Caroline of Brunswick , is turned away from the ceremony.July 28 – Argentine generalJosé de San Martín declares the independence ofPeru from theSpanish Empire .August 10 –Missouri is admitted as the 24th U.S. state.August 7 (O.S. )/August 19 (N.S. ) –Navarino massacre : Greek rebels massacre 3,000 inhabitants of the city of Navarino.August 21 –Jarvis Island is discovered in the Pacific by the crew of theEliza Frances .August 24 – TheTreaty of Córdoba is signed inCórdoba, Veracruz , Mexico, ratifying thePlan of Iguala of February 24 for Mexico's independence from Spain and, although not recognised by the latter, effectively concludes theMexican War of Independence .August 30 – At theCongress of Cúcuta , theRepublic of Gran Colombia (a federation covering much of present-day Venezuela, Colombia, Panama, and Ecuador) is established, withSimón Bolívar as the foundingPresident , andFrancisco de Paula Santander as vice president.September 4 – Chilean generalJosé Miguel Carrera is executed by an Argentinian military tribunal, in the city ofMendoza .September 15 – Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua and Costa Rica gainindependence from Spain by theAct of Independence of Central America . On October 29, the newly independentFirst Mexican Empire proposes that Guatemala should be annexed with it.September 4 (O.S. )/September 16 (N.S. ) –Ukase of 1821 : Russia proclaims territorial sovereignty over Northwestern North America, modern-day Alaska.September 18 –Amherst College is founded inMassachusetts .September 27 – TheArmy of the Three Guarantees entersMexico City , and the following day theDeclaration of Independence of the Mexican Empire from Spain is proclaimed, following theMexican War of Independence .October 5 (September 23Greek calendar ): TheSiege of Tripolitsa by Greek rebels is followed by a massacre.James Longstreet January 1 –Francisco de Paula Milán Mexican officier of theMexican Army (d. 1883)January 2 –Catherine Huggins , British actor, singer, director and manager (d. 1887)January 8 February 3 –Elizabeth Blackwell , first American female physician (d. 1910)February 11 –Auguste Edouard Mariette , French Egyptologist (d. 1881)February 17 –Lola Montez , Irish-Spanish dancer, royal mistress (d. 1861)February 19 March 1 –Joseph Hubert Reinkens , GermanOld Catholic bishop (d. 1896)March 9 –John Watts de Peyster , American author, philanthropist, and soldier (d. 1907)March 12 – SirJohn Abbott , 3rdPrime Minister of Canada (d. 1893)March 31 –Henry Dunning Macleod , Scottish economist (d. 1902)April 1 –Princess Anka Obrenović , Serbian princess (d. 1868)April 3 –Fr. Thomas Pelham Dale , English mystic (d. 1892)April 9 –Charles Baudelaire , French poet, writer (d. 1867)[ 9] April 12 –Beauchamp Seymour , British admiral (d. 1895)May 6 May 8 –William Henry Vanderbilt , American entrepreneur (d. 1885)May 16 –Pafnuty Chebyshev , Russian mathematician (d. 1894)May 17 –Sebastian Kneipp , German naturopath (d. 1897)May 18 –Eduard von Pestel , Prussian military officer and German general (d. 1908)May 24 –Juan Bautista Topete , Spanish admiral and politician (d. 1885)June 2 –Ion C. Brătianu , 2-Time Prime Minister of Romania (d. 1891)June 16 –Old Tom Morris , Scottish golfer (d. 1908)June 26 –Bartolomé Mitre , Argentine statesman, military figure, and author, 6th President of Argentina (d. 1906)Louis Vuitton Rudolf Virchow Fyodor Dostoyevsky July 1 –Anatole Jean-Baptiste Antoine de Barthélemy , French archaeologist (d.1904 )July 2 –Sir Charles Tupper , 6thPrime Minister of Canada (d.1915 )July 6 –Edmund Pettus , American politician (d.1907 )July 9 July 13 –Nathan Bedford Forrest , American Confederate Civil War General, firstGrand Wizard of theKu Klux Klan (d.1877 )July 16 –Mary Baker Eddy , American founder of Christian Science (d.1910 )July 17 –Friedrich Engelhorn , German industrialist and founder of BASF (d.1902 )July 18 July 24 –William Poole , infamous member of New York City'sBowery Boys gang (d.1855 )July 27 –George H. Cooper , United States Navy admiral (d.1891 )August 10 –Jay Cooke , American financier (d.1905 )August 16 –Arthur Cayley , English mathematician (d.1895 )August 21 –Louis Vuitton , French fashion designer (d.1892 )August 31 –Hermann von Helmholtz , German physician and physicist (d.1894 )September 21 –Andrei Alexandrovich Popov , Russian admiral (d.1898 )September 28 –Jonathan Clarkson Gibbs , African-American minister, politician (d.1874 )October 13 –Rudolf Virchow , German physician, pathologist, biologist, and politician (d.1902 )October 17 –Alexander Gardner , Scottish photographer (d.1882 )November 7 –Andrea Debono , Maltese trader and explorer (d.1871 )[ 10] November 11 –Fyodor Dostoyevsky , Russian writer (d.1881 )[ 11] November 24 –Henry Thomas Buckle , English historian sometimes called "the father of scientific history" (d.1862 )November 30 –Frederick Temple ,Archbishop of Canterbury (d.1902 )December 1 –John M. B. Clitz , American admiral (d.1897 )December 12 –Gustave Flaubert , French writer (d.1880 )[ 12] December 22 –Junius Brutus Booth Jr. , American actor, theatre manager (d.1883 )December 24 –Gabriel García Moreno , formerPresident of Ecuador (d.1875 )December 25 –Clara Barton , first president of American Red Cross (d.1912 )Napoleon Bonaparte January 4 –Elizabeth Ann Seton , American saint (b. 1774)January 5 –Carlo Porta , Milanese poet (b. 1775)January 19 –Alexandru Suţu , prince of Moldavia (b. 1758)February 23 –John Keats , British poet (b. 1795)[ 13] February 26 –Joseph de Maistre , French-Savoyard philosopher (b. 1753)March 4 –Princess Elizabeth of Clarence , daughter ofWilliam, Duke of Clarence (later King William IV) (b. 1820)March 13 –John Hunter , second Governor of New South Wales (b. 1737)April 10 –Patriarch Gregory V of Constantinople (b. 1746)April 20 –Franz Karl Achard , German chemist, physicist and biologist (b. 1753)April 23 –Pierre de Ruel, marquis de Beurnonville , French general (b. 1752)May 2 –Hester Thrale , Welsh diarist and friend of Dr Johnson (b. 1741)[ 14] May 5 –Napoleon Bonaparte , French Emperor and general (b. 1769)[ 15] May 19 –Camille Jordan , French politician (b. 1771)June 7 –Tudor Vladimirescu , Wallachian rebel leader (b. c. 1780)June 17 –Martín Miguel de Güemes , Argentine military leader (b. 1785)June 19 –Peter Ochs , Swiss politician (b. 1752)June 23 –Louise Marie Adélaïde de Bourbon-Penthièvre, Duchess of Orléans , heiress, wife ofPhilippe Égalité (b. 1753)June 30 –José Fernando de Abascal y Sousa , viceroy of Peru (b. 1743)John William Polidori July 4 –Richard Cosway , English artist (b. 1742)July 14 –Pedro Juan Caballero , Paraguayan captain (b. 1786) (suicide)July 17 –Fulgencio Yegros , Paraguayan general and politician (b. 1780)August 7 –Caroline of Brunswick , Queen of the United Kingdom (b. 1768)August 20 –Dorothea von Medem , Latvian diploma, duchess of Courland (b. 1761)August 24 –John William Polidori , English physician, writer (b. 1795) (suicide)[ 16] September 4 –José Miguel Carrera , Chilean general, founding father (b. 1785)September 10 –Johann Dominicus Fiorillo , German painter, art historian (b. 1748)September 14 –Heinrich Kuhl , German naturalist, zoologist (b. 1797)October 4 –Marie-Louise Lachapelle , Frenchobstetrician (b. 1769)October 6 –Anders Jahan Retzius , Swedish chemist, botanist (b. 1742)October 8 –Juan O'Donojú , viceroy of New Spain (b. 1762)October 11 –John Ross Key , American judge, lawyer, father of songwriterFrancis Scott Key (b. 1754)October 21 –Dorothea Ackermann , German actress (b. 1752)November 8 –Jean Rapp , French general (b. 1771)December 4 –John Henniker-Major, 2nd Baron Henniker , British politician (b. 1752)December 7 – KingPōmare II of Tahiti (b. 1782)December 12 –Phoebe Hessel , British female soldier (b. 1713)^ Palmer, Alan.Alexander I: Tsar of War and Peace . Faber and Faber, 2011 p.416-17 ^ Roberts, Warren.Rossini and Post-Napoleonic Europe . Boydell & Brewer, 2015. p.111 ^ "History of the Guardian" .The Guardian . December 11, 2017.ISSN 0261-3077 . RetrievedJune 19, 2019 .^ Lieberman, Benjamin (2013).Terrible Fate: Ethnic Cleansing in the Making of Modern Europe . Rowman & Littlefield. p. 9. ^ Tucker, Spencer C., ed. (2009).A Global Chronology of Conflict: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East . ABC-CLIO. p. 1139. ^ "Commerce between Russia and Persia— Proposed Union of the Black Sea with the Atlantic".The Oriental Herald (November 1826) p. 285. ^ Headland, Robert K. (1989).Chronological list of Antarctic expeditions and related historical events . Cambridge University Press.ISBN 978-0-521-30903-5 OCLC 185311468 . ^ "South Orkney Islands" .Encyclopædia Britannica ^ Charles Baudelaire, Richard Howard.Les Fleurs Du Mal . David R. Godine Publisher, 1983, p.xxv.ISBN 0-87923-462-8 ,ISBN 978-0-87923-462-1 . ^ "Prominent Sengleans" .Senglea Local Council . Archived fromthe original on February 16, 2020.^ Morson, Gary Saul (November 7, 2023)."Fyodor Dostoyevsky" . Encyclopædia Britannica. RetrievedSeptember 12, 2015 . ^ Gustave Flaubert (1980).The Letters of Gustave Flaubert: 1830-1857 . Harvard University Press. p. 1. ^ "BBC – History – Historic Figures: John Keats (1795–1821)" .bbc.co.uk . RetrievedJanuary 3, 2017 .^ Marilyn Bailey Ogilvie ;Joy Dorothy Harvey (2000).The Biographical Dictionary of Women in Science: L-Z ISBN 978-0-415-92040-7 ^ "Napoleon I | Biography, Achievements, & Facts" .Encyclopedia Britannica . RetrievedJuly 11, 2021 .^ Viets, Henry R. (1961)." .The British Medical Journal .2 (5269):1773– 1775.doi :10.1136/bmj.2.5269.1773 .ISSN 0007-1447 .JSTOR 20356143 .PMC 1970869 PMID 14037964 . 
