Calendar year
February 23 : TheCato Street Conspiracy to assassinate British Prime Minister and his government is thwarted in London.1820 by topic Humanities By country Other topics Lists of leaders Birth and death categories Establishments and disestablishments categories Works category
Wikimedia Commons has media related to
1820 .
February 6: TheCapture of Valdivia is made in Chile. 1820 (MDCCCXX ) was aleap year starting on Saturday of theGregorian calendar and aleap year starting on Thursday of theJulian calendar , the 1820th year of theCommon Era (CE) andAnno Domini 2nd millennium , the 20th year of the19th century , and the 1st year of the1820s decade. As of the start of 1820, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
Calendar year
January 1 – A constitutionalist military insurrection atCádiz leads to the summoning of the Spanish Parliament to meet on March 7, becoming the nominal beginning of the "Trienio Liberal " inSpain .[ 1] January 8 – TheGeneral Maritime Treaty of 1820 is signed between the sheikhs ofAbu Dhabi ,Sharjah ,Ajman ,Umm al-Quwain andRas Al Khaimah (later constituents of theTrucial States ) in theArabian Peninsula and the United Kingdom.[ 2] January 27 (NS , January 15 OS) – AnImperial Russian Navy expedition, led byFabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen inVostok Mikhail Petrovich Lazarev , sights theAntarctic ice sheet .[ 3] January 29 –George IV of the United Kingdom becomes the new British monarch upon the death his fatherKing George III after 59 years on the throne. The elder George's death ends the 9-year period known as theBritish Regency .January 30 – BritishRoyal Navy captainEdward Bransfield , an Irishman, becomes the first person to positively identifyAntarctica as a land mass.[ 3] February 6 February 14 – EmperorMinh Mạng starts to rule inVietnam .February 20 – A revolt begins against the Spanish crown inSanta María Chiquimula (now inGuatemala ).[ 4] February 23 – TheCato Street Conspiracy , a plot to assassinate Britain's Prime Minister,Lord Liverpool , and hisCabinet is thwarted when police inLondon arrest 13 plotters after being warned by an informant.[ 5] March 3 – A fire inGuangzhou in China burns 15,000 houses and kills an undetermined number of people.[ 6] March 3 and6 – TheMissouri Compromise becomes law, allowing admission ofMissouri andMaine , asslave and free states respectively, asU.S. states .March 9 – KingFerdinand VII of Spain accepts the new constitution, beginning theTrienio Liberal March 10 – TheAstronomical Society of London is founded.March 15 –Maine is admitted as the 23rdU.S. state .March 26 –Joseph Smith , founder of theLatter Day Saint movement , receives hisFirst Vision inPalmyra, New York .[ 7] March 28 – An attemptedcoup d'état againstParaguayan dictatorJosé Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia fails after a plot byFulgencio Yegros andPedro Juan Caballero .April 1 – A proclamation, signed "By order of the Committee of Organisation for forming a Provisional Government", begins the "Radical War " in Scotland.April 8 – The statue of theVenus de Milo (Aphrodite of Milos,c. 150 BC -125 BC) is discovered on the Greek island of Milos , by a peasant named Yorgos Kentrotas.[ 8] April 12 –Alexander Ypsilantis becomes the leader ofFiliki Eteria Ottoman rule over Greece.April 15 – KingWilliam I of Württemberg marries his cousin,Pauline Therese , in Stuttgart.April –Hans Christian Ørsted discovers the relationship betweenelectricity andmagnetism . May 1 – The last judicialdecapitation in theUnited Kingdom is meted out to the principals in theCato Street conspirators after their publichanging for treason in London. Legally, the post-hanging beheading is a mitigation of the last sentence in Britain of "hanging, drawing and quartering ".[ 9] May 11 –HMS Beagle , the ship that will later take youngCharles Darwin on his scientific voyage to examine the "origin of the species", is launched atWoolwich Dockyard .May 20 – At age 14,John Stuart Mill sets out on his formative trip to the south of France, staying withSamuel Bentham .June 5 –Caroline of Brunswick , the estranged wife of KingGeorge IV of the United Kingdom , returns to England after six years abroad in Italy, where she has been carrying on an affair. Since ascending the throne in January, the King had sought to receive his government's approval for a divorce.[ 10] June 12 Élie Decazes , leader of the opposition in France's Chamber of Deputies, introduces the "Law of the Double Vote", a proposal to add to the existing legislators by creating 172 seats that would be "selected by special electoral colleges" made up of the wealthiest 25% of voters in each of France's departments.[ 11] Delegates inSt. Louis in theMissouri Territory approve a proposed state constitution, proclaiming that they "do mutually agree to form and establish a free and independent republic, by the name of 'The State of Missouri'."[ 12] June 29 – The cause of action that will lead to the U.S. Supreme Court case known asThe Antelope cutter captures a ship of the same name, which is transporting 281 Africans who had been captured as slaves, in violation of the U.S. law prohibiting the slave trade.[ 13] Chicago in 1820William Sherman Susan B. Anthony Herbert Spencer Florence Nightingale January 10 –Louisa Lane Drew , actress, prominent theater manager, grandmother of theBarrymores (d. 1897)January 14 –Bezalel HaKohen , Russian rabbi (d. 1878)[ 21] January 17 –Anne Brontë , English author (d. 1849)[ 22] January 20 –Alexandre-Émile Béguyer de Chancourtois , French chemist and mineralogist (d. 1886)January 30 –Concepción Arenal , Spanish feminist writer, activist (d. 1893)[ 23] February 8 –William Tecumseh Sherman , American Civil War general (d. 1891)[ 24] February 13 –James Geiss , English businessman (d. 1878)February 15 February 17 –Henri Vieuxtemps , Belgian violinist and composer (d. 1881)[ 27] February 28 –John Tenniel , English illustrator (d. 1914)[ 28] March 2 –Eduard Douwes Dekker , Dutch writer (d. 1887)[ 29] March 3 –Henry D. Cogswell ,American temperance movement pioneer who endowed a number ofCogswell fountains (d. 1900)March 4 –Francesco Bentivegna , Italian revolutionary (d. 1856)March 4 –Alexander Worthy Clerk , Jamaican Moravian teacher and missionary (d. 1906)March 9 –Samuel Blatchford ,Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (d. 1893)March 14 –Victor Emmanuel II of Italy (d. 1878)[ 30] March 17 –Martin Jenkins Crawford , American politician (d. 1883)March 20 –Alexandru Ioan Cuza , Romania's first reigningDomnitor (d. 1873)[ 31] April 27 –Herbert Spencer , English philosopher (d. 1903)[ 32] April 26 –Alice Cary , American poet, sister to Phoebe Cary (1824-1871) (d. 1871)[ 33] May 5 –Elkanah Billings , Canadian paleontologist (d. 1876)May 12 –Florence Nightingale , English nurse (d. 1910)[ 34] May 23 –Lorenzo Sawyer , 9th Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of California (d. 1891)May 25 –François Claude du Barail , French general andMinister of War (d. 1902)May 27 –Mathilde Bonaparte , Italian princess (d. 1904)[ 35] Friedrich Engels July 5 –William John Macquorn Rankine , Scottish physicist, engineer (d. 1872)July 22 –Oliver Mowat , Canadian lawyer, politician (d. 1903)July 23 –Julia Gardiner Tyler ,First Lady of the United States (d. 1889)July 25 –Henry Doulton , English potter (d. 1897)[ 36] September 17 September 20 –John F. Reynolds , American general (d. 1863)September 27 –Wilhelm Siegmund Teuffel , German classical scholar (d. 1878)September 29 –Henri, Count of Chambord , claimant to the French throne (d. 1883)[ 38] October 5 –David Wilber , American politician (d. 1890)October 6 –Jenny Lind , Swedish soprano (d. 1887)[ 39] October 16 –Gillis Bildt , 5th Prime Minister of Sweden (d. 1894)[ 40] October 20 –Benjamin F. Cheatham , American Confederate general (d. 1886)November 23 November 28 –Friedrich Engels , German social philosopher (d. 1895)[ 42] December 21 –William H. Osborn , American railroad executive (d. 1894)KingGeorge III January 17 –Daniel Albert Wyttenbach , Swiss-born academic (b. 1746)January 23 –Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn , member of British Royal Family and father ofQueen Victoria (b. 1767)January 29 – KingGeorge III of the United Kingdom (b. 1738)February 5 –William Drennan , Irish physician, poet and radical politician (b. 1754)February 11 –Karl von Fischer , German architect (b. 1782)February 14 –Charles Ferdinand, Duke of Berry , French noble (stabbed) (b. 1778)[ 5] March 11 –Benjamin West , Anglo-American painter of historical scenes (b. 1738)[ 43] March 22 –Stephen Decatur , American sailor (b. 1779)[ 44] April 8 –Thomas Douglas, 5th Earl of Selkirk , Scottish-born philanthropist (b. 1771)April 20 –James Morris III , Continental Army officer from Connecticut (b. 1752)May 30 –William Bradley , Britain's tallest ever man (b. 1787)June 6 –Henry Grattan , Irish politician (b. 1746)June 9 –Wilhelmina of Prussia, Princess of Orange (b. 1751)June 19 – SirJoseph Banks , English naturalist and botanist (b. 1743)[ 45] June 20 –Manuel Belgrano , Argentine politician, general in the Independence War (b. 1770)[ 46] Jiaqing Emperor July 10 –William Wyatt Bibb , firstGovernor of Alabama (b.1781 )August 6 –Antonín Vranický , Bohemian violinist and composer (b.1761 )[ 47] August 9 –Anders Sparrman , Swedish naturalist (b.1748 )August 12 –Manuel Lisa , Spanish-born American fur trader (b.1772 )September 2 –Jiaqing Emperor , Chinese emperor (b.1760 )September 3 –Benjamin Latrobe , Anglo-American architect (b.1764 )September 4 –Timothy Brown , English banker, merchant and radical (b. 1743/1744)September 16 –Nguyễn Du , Vietnamese poet (b.1766 )September 18 –Mariana Joaquina Pereira Coutinho , Portuguesecourtier , salonnière (b.1748 )September 26 –Daniel Boone , American pioneer (b.1734 )[ 48] September 28 –Pedro Andrés del Alcázar , Spanish and later Chilean Army officer and war hero (b.1752 )September 29 –Barthelemy Lafon , Creole architect and smuggler (b.1769 )October 8 –Henri Christophe , Haitian revolutionary leader (suicide) (b.1767 )October 11 –James Keir , Scottish geologist, chemist and industrialist (b.1735 )[ 49] October 15 –Karl Philipp Fürst zu Schwarzenberg , Austrian field marshal (b.1771 )November 1 –Pierre Martin , French admiral (b.1752 )November 8 –Lavinia Stoddard , American poet and school founder (b.1787 )December 25 –Joseph Fouché , French statesman (b.1759 )December 29 –Princess Pauline of Anhalt-Bernburg , German regent and social reformer (b.1769 )[ 50] ^ Miguel A López-Morell (28 June 2013).The House of Rothschild in Spain, 1812–1941 ISBN 978-1-4724-0424-4 ^ Lorimer, John (1915).Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf . Bombay: British Government. ^a b Jones, A. G. E. (1982).Antarctica Observed: who discovered the Antarctic Continent? . Caedmon of Whitby.ISBN 0-905355-25-3 ^ William George Lovell (2005).Conquest and Survival in Colonial Guatemala: A Historical Geography of the Cuchumatán Highlands, 1500-1821 ISBN 978-0-7735-2741-6 ^a b c Alexander Charles Ewald (1868).The Last Century of Universal History: A Reference Book, Containing an Annotated Table of Chronology, Lists of Contemporary Sovereigns, a Dictionary of Battles and Sieges, and Biographical Notes of Eminent In-dividuals. From 1767 to 1867 ^ "Fires, Great", inThe Insurance Cyclopeadia: Being an Historical Treasury of Events and Circumstances Connected with the Origin and Progress of Insurance , Cornelius Walford, ed. (C. and E. Layton, 1876) pp69 ^ Lefgren, J. C. (October 2002). "Oh, How Lovely Was the Morning: Sun 26 Mar 1820?".Meridian Magazine . (available athttp://www.johnpratt.com/items/docs/lds/meridian/2002/vision.html ) ^ School Arts ^ Abbott, Geoffrey (2005) [1994].Execution: a Guide to the Ultimate Penalty . Chichester: Summersdale Publishers. pp. 161– 2.ISBN 978-1-84024-433-5 ^ Hibbert, Christopher (1999).Wellington: A Personal History . Da Capo Press. p. 220.^ Munro Price,The Perilous Crown: France Between Revolutions, 1814-1848 (Pan Macmillan, 2010) p108 ^ "Missouri", inConstitutional Documents of the United States of America 1776-1860 , ed. by Horst Dippel (K. G. Saur, 2007) p221 ^ "Antelope Case", by John T. Noonan, Jr., inDictionary of Afro-American Slavery , (Greenwood, 1997) p66 ^ Drewry, Charles Stewart (1832). "Section III".A Memoir of Suspension Bridges: Comprising The History Of Their Origin And Progress 37 –41. RetrievedAugust 16, 2011 . ^ Matthew Anthony Fitzsimons ; Jean Bécarud (1969).The Catholic Church Today: Western Europe ISBN 978-0-268-00307-4 ^ Paul W. Schroeder (1 January 1962).Metternich's Diplomacy at its Zenith, 1820-1823: Austria and the Congresses of Troppau, Laibach, and Verona ISBN 978-0-292-75034-0 {{cite book }}:ISBN / Date incompatibility (help ) ^ Oversight Visit to the Southern Pacific Rim: Report to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, U.S. House of Representatives, One Hundred First Congress, Second Session ^ Lynn W. Turner, “The Electoral Vote against Monroe in 1820-An American Legend,”The Mississippi Valley Historical Review 42, no. 2 (September 1955): 253-254,https://www.jstor.org/stable/1897643?seq=1 . ^ The South Atlantic Crisis: Background, Consequences, Documentation : August 1982 ^ Wagner, Michele (2002).Haiti ISBN 978-0-8368-2351-6 ^ Louis Ginzberg (1902)."BEZALEL B. MOSES HA-KOHEN" . InSinger, Isidore ; et al. (eds.).The Jewish Encyclopedia ^ "Anne Brontë | British author" .Encyclopedia Britannica . RetrievedApril 17, 2019 .^ Calendar of Spanish Anniversaries ^ William Tecumseh Sherman (1891).Memoirs of Gen. William T. Sherman: By Himself. To which are Added Chapters Completing His Life and Including His Funeral Obsequies by W. Fletcher Johnson and Carefully Reviewed by Major-General O. O. Howard ^ United States. Congress (1966).Congressional Record: Proceedings and Debates of the ... Congress ^ Frank Moore Colby; Harry Thurston Peck (1902).The International Year Book ^ The Musical Monitor ^ Sir John Tenniel ^ Multatuli (1982).Max Havelaar, Or, The Coffee Auctions of the Dutch Trading Company ISBN 9780870233609 ^ The Statesman's Year-book ^ Southeastern Europe: L'Europe Du Sud-Est ^ Daniel Greenleaf Thompson (1889).Herbert Spencer: His Life, Writings, and Philosophy ^ Edwin Francis Hatfield (1884).The Poets of the Church: A Series of Biographical Sketches of Hymn-writers with Notes on Their Hymns ^ Baly, Monica E.; Matthew, H. C. G. (2004)."Nightingale, Florence (1820–1910), reformer of Army Medical Services and of nursing organization" Oxford Dictionary of National Biography doi :10.1093/ref:odnb/35241 .ISBN 9780198614128 . RetrievedApril 17, 2019 . (Subscription,Wikipedia Library access orUK public library membership required.) ^ Victor Plarr (1895).Men and Women of the Time: A Dictionary of Contemporaries ^ Clement, Alexander James. "Doulton, Sir Henry (1820–1897)".Oxford Dictionary of National Biography doi :10.1093/ref:odnb/7944 . (Subscription,Wikipedia Library access orUK public library membership required.) ^ Charles Dudley Warner (1 July 2008).A Library of the World's Best Literature - Ancient and Modern - Vol.XLII (Forty-Five Volumes); Dictionary of Authors (A-J) ISBN 978-1-60520-248-8 ^ Lucian Edward HENRY (1862).Europe in 1882: out of the shadow. The Royal Family of France. Twelve lectures on current French History ^ The Musicians's Year Book ^ Wieselgren, Harald (1889).Bilder och minnen 73– 78. Retrieved2007-01-19 .^ Munich. Schackgalerie (1911).Schack Gallery in Munich: In the Possession of His Majesty the German Emperor, King of Prussia ^ V. Ė Kunina (1987).Frederick Engels: His Life and Work : Documents and Photographs ISBN 9780714725826 ^ Charles Edwards Lester (1858).The Democratic Age: Statesmanship, Science, Art, Literature, and Progress ^ United States. Congress (1939).Congressional Record: Proceedings and Debates of the ... Congress ^ Edward Edwards (1870).Lives of the Founders of the British Museum (etc.) 1570-1870 ^ United States. Office of Inter-American Affairs (1945).Air-Mail Feature and Radio Service ^ David Mason Greene; Constance Green (1985).Greene's Biographical Encyclopedia of Composers ISBN 978-0-385-14278-6 ^ The History of Pike County, Missouri: An Encyclopedia of Useful Information, and a Compendium of Actual Facts ^ Timmins, Sam (1899)."James Keir, F.R.S., 1735–1820" .Transactions (Birmingham and Warwickshire Archaeological Society) .24 :1– 4. ^ August Falkmann (1887). "Pauline ".Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie 275– 277. 
