Calendar year
January 14 : Napoleon leads troops to victory atBattle of Rivoli .1797 by topic Arts and science Countries Lists of leaders Birth and death categories Establishments and disestablishments categories Works category
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1797 .
1797 (MDCCXCVII ) was acommon year starting on Sunday of theGregorian calendar and acommon year starting on Thursday of theJulian calendar , the 1797th year of theCommon Era (CE) andAnno Domini 2nd millennium , the 97th year of the18th century , and the 8th year of the1790s decade. As of the start of 1797, the Gregorian calendar was 11 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
Calendar year
January 3 – TheTreaty of Tripoli , a peace treaty between theUnited States andOttoman Tripolitania , is signed atAlgiers (see also 1796 ).January 7 – The parliament of theCisalpine Republic adopts the Italian green-white-red tricolour as their official flag (this is considered the birth of theflag of Italy ).January 13 –Action of 13 January 1797 , part of theWar of the First Coalition : Two BritishRoyal Navy frigates ,HMSIndefatigable andHMSAmazon , drive the French74-gun ship of the line Droits de l'Homme Brittany , resulting in over 900 deaths.January 14 –War of the First Coalition –Battle of Rivoli : French forces under GeneralNapoleon Bonaparte defeat an Austrian army of 28,000 men, underFeldzeugmeister József Alvinczi , nearRivoli (modern-dayItaly ), endingAustria 's fourth and final attempt to relieve the fortress city ofMantua .January 26 – The Treaty of theThird Partition of Poland is signed in St. Petersburg by theRussian Empire ,Austria and theKingdom of Prussia .February 2 –Siege of Mantua : Field marshalDagobert von Wurmser surrenders the fortress city to the French; only 16,000 men of thegarrison are capable of marching out as prisoners of war.February 3 –Battle of Faenza : A French corps (9,000 men) under GeneralClaude Victor-Perrin defeats the forces from thePapal States , atCastel Bolognese nearFaenza ,Italy .February 4 – TheRiobamba earthquake in Ecuador, estimated magnitude 8.3, causes up to 40,000 casualties.February 12 – "Gott erhalte Franz den Kaiser " is first performed, with the music composed in January byJoseph Haydn , which also becomes the tune to theDeutschlandlied , the German national anthem (Deutschland, Deutschland über alles , laterEinigkeit und Recht und Freiheit ).February 14 –French Revolutionary Wars –Battle of Cape St. Vincent : The BritishRoyal Navy under Admiral SirJohn Jervis defeats a larger Spanish fleet offCape St. Vincent , Portugal.February 18 –Invasion of Trinidad : Spanish GovernorJosé María Chacón peacefully surrenders the colony ofTrinidad to a British naval force, commanded by SirRalph Abercromby .February 19 –Treaty of Tolentino :Pope Pius VI signs a peace treaty withRevolutionary France . He is forced to deliver works of art, treasures, territory, theComtat Venaissin and 30 million francs.February 22 – Thelast invasion of Britain begins: French forces, under the command of American ColonelWilliam Tate , land nearFishguard , Wales.February 25 –William Tate surrenders to the British at Fishguard.February 26 –Bank Restriction Act removes the requirement for theBank of England (the national bank of Great Britain) to convert banknotes into gold – Restriction period lasts until 1821. The Bank of England issues the firstone-pound and two-pound notes (pound notes discontinuedMarch 11 ,1988 ).March 5 – Protestant missionaries from theLondon Missionary Society land inTahiti , from theDuff Missionary Day inFrench Polynesia ).March 13 –Médée Luigi Cherubini , is premiered in Paris.March 16 –Battle of Valvasone : The Austrian army, led byArchduke Charles , fights arearguard action at the crossing of theTagliamento River, but is defeated by Napoleon Bonaparte atValvasone .March 21 –Battle of Parramatta : Resistance leaderPemulwuy leads a group ofaboriginal warriors, estimated to be at least 100, in an attack on a government farm atToongabbie inSydney , Australia.[ 1] [ 2] [ 3] [ 4] July 24 :Battle of Santa Cruz July 9 – U.S. SenatorWilliam Blount becomes the first federal legislator to be expelled from office, as his fellow Senators vote 25 to 1 to block him from his seat during an investigation against him on charges of criminal conspiracy.[ 6] July 13 –Gual and España conspiracy against Spanish rule inColonial Venezuela is exposed.July 24 –Horatio Nelson is wounded at theBattle of Santa Cruz , losing an arm.August 29 –Massacre of Tranent : British troops attack protestors against enforced recruitment into themilitia atTranent ,Scotland , killing 11 and injuring 8.September 4 – TheCoup of 18 Fructidor is carried out inFrance as three of the five members ofThe Directory , France's executive council, arrested royalist members of theCouncil of Five Hundred , the national legislature, and discard the results of the spring elections.[ 7] September 5 – France's new government decrees that citizens who left the country without authorization are subject to the death penalty if they return.[ 8] September 30 –Dominique-Vincent Ramel-Nogaret , French finance minister, repudiates two thirds of France's debt.October 11 :Battle of Camperdown October 11 –Battle of Camperdown : the British Royal Navy defeats the fleet of theBatavian Republic off the coast ofHolland .[ 9] October 17 – TheTreaty of Campo Formio ends theWar of the First Coalition .October 18 – TheXYZ Affair inflames tensions between France and the United States when American negotiatorsCharles Cotesworth Pinckney ,John Marshall , andElbridge Gerry meet with French government representativesJean-Conrad Hottinguer , Pierre Bellamy and Lucien Hauteval and are told that a treaty between France and the U.S. will require payment of a bribe to France's Foreign MinisterCharles Talleyrand and a large loan of American cash to France. Pinckney tells people later that his response was "No, no, not a sixpence!"; Hottinguer, Bellamy and Hauteval are referred to, respectively, as "X", "Y" and "Z" in U.S. government reports on the failed negotiations.[ 10] October 21 – InBoston Harbor , the 44-gun United States Navy frigateUSS Constitution is launched to fightBarbary pirates off the coast ofTripoli ; the ship will remain in commission in the 21st century.October 22 –André-Jacques Garnerin makes the first parachute descent, at Parc Monceau, Paris; he uses a silk parachute to descend approximately 3,000 feet (910 m) from a hot air balloon.November –1797 Rugby School rebellion : The students atRugby School in England rebel against the headmaster, Henry Ingles, after he decrees that the damage to a tradesman's windows should be paid for by the students.[ 11] November 16
Annette von Droste-Hülshoff Maria Leopoldina of Austria Franz Schubert George Julius Poulett Scrope Michel Goudchaux J. G. M. Ramsey Manuela Sáenz January 1 January 3 –Frederick William Hope , English entomologist at the University of Oxford (d.1862 )January 4 –Wilhelm Beer , German banker, astronomer (d.1850 )January 5 –Eduard Vogel von Falckenstein , Prussian general (d.1885 )January 6 –Edward Turner Bennett , English zoologist and writer (d.1836 )[ 14] January 9 –Edmund Murray Dodd , Canadian lawyer (d.1876 )January 10 –Annette von Droste-Hülshoff , German writer (d.1848 )January 11 January 12 January 14 –George Agar-Ellis, 1st Baron Dover , British peer and man of letters (d.1833 )January 15 –Vincenz Kollar , Austrian entomologist specializing in Diptera (d.1860 )January 17 –Joseph Barclay Pentland , Irish geographer (d.1873 )January 19 January 20 –Jonathan Leavitt , American bookbinder, co-founder of the New York City publishing firm of Leavitt & Trow (d.1852 )January 21 –Joseph Méry , French writer (d.1866 )January 22 January 24 –Leo Dupont , Martinique-born Venerated French Catholic, who helped spread various Catholic devotions (d.1876 )January 25 January 26 –Therese Albertine Luise Robinson , German-American author (d.1870 )January 28 –Narcisse Girard , French violinist (d.1860 )January 29 January 30 –Edwin Vose Sumner , career United States Army officer who became a Union Army general during the American Civil War (d.1863 )January 31 –Franz Schubert , Austrian pianist, composer (d.1828 )February 1 –Frederick Sullivan , English first-class cricketer associated with Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) (d.1873 )February 2 Joseph Louis Corbin , French general who took command of the successful attack that lifted the Siege of Constantine in 1837 (d.1859 )Bertha Zück , German-born treasurer of Queen Josephine of Sweden (d.1868 )February 5 –György Andrássy , Hungarian nobleman (d.1872 )February 6 February 10 –George Chichester, 3rd Marquess of Donegall , British landowner, courtier and politician (d.1883 )February 11 –Richard Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville, 2nd Duke of Buckingham and Chandos , English Conservative politician (d.1861 )February 12 –John Timon , first Roman Catholic Bishop of Buffalo (d.1867 )February 14 –Pierre Sylvain Dumon , French politician, deputy (1831-1848) (d.1870 )February 15 –Henry Engelhard Steinway , German-American piano manufacturer (d.1871 )February 17 –Charles Alexandre , French Hellenist (d.1870 )February 18 Jean-Baptiste Boucho , French-born Vicar Apostolic of Malacca-Singapore (d.1871 )John Day , Liberian politician and jurist, 2nd Chief Justice of Liberia (1854 until his death) (d.1859 )February 19 February 21 –João Mouzinho de Albuquerque , Portuguese writer, administrator (d.1881 )February 22 February 23 –Heinrich Halfeld , German engineer (d.1873 )February 24 –Samuel Lover , Irish songwriter (d.1868 )February 25 –Maria Abdy , English poet (d.1867 )February 27 February 28 –John Henderson , Mississippi lawyer, United States Senator (d.1857 )March 2 –Étienne Mulsant , French entomologist, ornithologist (d.1880 )March 3 –Gotthilf Hagen , German civil engineer who made important contributions to fluid dynamics (d.1884 )March 5 March 6 –Gerrit Smith , American social reformer (d.1874 )March 7 –Édouard Thibaudeau , Lower Canadian lawyer, political figure (d.1836 )March 10 March 12 –Benjamin Caesar , English professional cricketer who played first-class cricket (1824-1830) (d.1867 )March 13 March 15 –Benjamin Guérard , French librarian, historian (d.1854 )March 16 March 17 March 18 –Michel Goudchaux , French banker, politician who was twice Minister of Finance during the French Second Republic (d.1862 )March 19 March 20 –John Roberton , Scottish physician, social reformer (d.1876 )March 21 –Johann Andreas Wagner , German palaeontologist (d.1861 )March 22 March 23 –Ernest Edgcumbe, 3rd Earl of Mount Edgcumbe , English politician (d.1861 )March 24 March 25 March 26 March 27 March 28 –George O. Belden , American politician, Representative from New York (d.1833 )March 29 –Charles I. du Pont , American manufacturer, politician (d.1869 )March 31 Franz Graf von Wimpffen Adolphe Thiers Jean Victoire Audouin John Hughes Imam Shamil April 1 April 2 Samuel Bogart , itinerant Methodist minister, militia captain from Ray County, Missouri (d.1861 )Joseph-François Deblois , Lower Canadian lawyer (d.1860 )John Peter Gassiot , English businessman, amateur scientist (d.1877 )Dunning R. McNair , Sergeant at Arms of the United States Senate (1853-1861) (d.1875 )David Robertson, 1st Baron Marjoribanks , Scottish stockbroker, politician (d.1873 )Franz Graf von Wimpffen , Austrian general, admiral (d.1870 )April 3 April 4 April 5 April 6 April 7 April 8 –Jehiel Brooks , American soldier, territorial governor, and plantation owner (d.1886 )April 9 April 12 –Zina Pitcher , American physician (d.1872 )April 13 –Stanislas Julien , French sinologist, Chair of Chinese at the Collège de France for over 40 years (d.1873 )April 15 April 17 April 18 April 19 April 21 –George Stephen Benjamin Jarvis , Upper Canadian judge, political figure (d.1878 )April 23 April 24 Henry Bliss , author, lawyer and provincial agent for New Brunswick and Nova Scotia (d.1873 )Peter I. Borst , American politician, United States Representative from New York (d.1848 )April 26 –Albert Seerig , German surgeon, anatomist (d.1862 )April 27 April 28 –John Richardson , Australian convict, accompanies several exploring expeditions as botanical collector (d.1882 )April 29 –Gideon Hard , American lawyer, politician (d.1885 )May 1 May 2 May 3 May 6 –Joseph Brackett , American religious leader, composer (d.1882 )May 7 Walter Colton , Chaplain for the United States Navy (d.1851 )Charles Frederick , Royal Navy officer, Third Naval Lord (d.1875 )Elizabeth Grant , British diarist (d.1885 )José Antonio Saco , Cuban statesman, deputy to the Spanish Cortes, writer, social critic, publicist, essayist, anthropologist, historian (d.1879 )May 8 May 9 –Lansdown Guilding , St. Vincent-born English theologian, early naturalist (d.1831 )May 10 –Daniel Lynn Carroll , sixth President of Hampden–Sydney College (1835-1838) (d.1851 )May 11 May 12 –Johann Hermann Kufferath , German composer (d.1864 )May 13 –Ulrik Frederik Cappelen , Norwegian jurist and politician (d.1864 )May 14 –Carl Georg Christian Schumacher , German painter (d.1869 )May 15 May 16 May 18 May 19 May 20 –Alexis-François Rio , French writer on art (d.1874 )May 21 May 24 May 26 –Ralph Randolph Gurley , American clergyman (d.1872 )May 27 –Sir Thomas Bazley, 1st Baronet of England (d.1883 )May 29 May 30 –Georg Amadeus Carl Friedrich Naumann , German mineralogist (d.1873 )[ 16] June 1 –Abby Hadassah Smith , early American suffragist, campaigner for property and voting rights from Glastonbury (d.1879 )June 2 –Joseph Blake, 3rd Baron Wallscourt , Irish nobleman and pioneering socialist (d.1849 )June 6 –Rehuel Lobatto , Dutch mathematician (d.1866 )June 7 June 8 –Henry William-Powlett, 3rd Baron Bayning , English peer and clergyman (d.1866 )June 11 June 12 –Thomas Ainslie Young , official and political figure in Lower Canada (d.1860 )June 15 June 16 June 17 –Alexandre Vinet , Swiss critic and theologian (d.1847 )June 19 –Hamilton Hume , early explorer of the present-day Australian states of New South Wales and Victoria (d.1873 )June 20 –Karolina Gerhardinger , German Roman Catholic professed religious, established the School Sisters of Notre Dame (d.1879 )June 21 –Christoffel Brand , South African jurist (d.1875 )June 23 –Théophile Bra , French Romantic sculptor and exact contemporary of Eugène Delacroix (d.1863 )June 24 June 26 –Imam Shamil , Avar political and religious leader of the Muslim tribes of the Northern Caucasus (d.1871 )June 29 –Frederic Baraga , Slovenian Catholic missionary to the United States, grammarian of Native American languages (d.1868 )Innocent of Alaska Mary Shelley Ramón Castilla July 2 July 4 July 6 –Henry Paget, 2nd Marquess of Anglesey , England (d.1869 )July 7 –George Meads , English professional cricketer who played first-class cricket (1825-1836) (d.1881 )July 11 –Francis Close , Anglican rector of Cheltenham (1826–1856) and Dean of Carlisle (1856–1881) (d.1882 )July 12 July 14 –James Scott Bowerbank , British naturalist, palaeontologist (d.1877 )July 15 July 16 –Daniel D. Barnard , American politician, Representative from New York (d.1861 )July 17 July 18 –Robert Christison , Scottish toxicologist, physician (d.1882 )July 20 July 21 –John M. Read , American lawyer (d.1874 )July 24 –Maria Foote , English actress, peeress (d.1867 )July 25 July 26 July 29 July 30 –Harriet Windsor-Clive, 13th Baroness Windsor of England (d.1869 )July 31 –Alonzo C. Paige , American lawyer, politician from New York (d.1868 )August 1 August 2 August 4 August 5 August 6 –August Wilhelm Stiehler , German government official, paleobotanist (d.1878 )August 7 James Kānehoa , member of the court of King Kamehameha II and Kamehameha III during the Kingdom of Hawaii (d.1851 )Justin von Linde , German jurist, statesman from the Grand Duchy of Hesse (d.1870 )August 8 August 9 August 10 August 11 –George Shillibeer , English coachbuilder (d.1866 )August 12 –Manuel Aguilar Chacón , Costa Rican head of state (d.1846 )August 13 –Horatio Chriesman , American surveyor, politician in Mexican Texas and participant in the Texas Revolution (d.1878 )August 14 –Robert Radcliffe , English first-class cricketer associated with Cambridge University (d.1832 )August 15 –James Black , Scottish-born Canadian clergyman (d.1886 )August 17 –Peter Broun , first Colonial Secretary of Western Australia (d.1846 )August 18 –Antoine Claudet , French photographer, artist who produced daguerreotypes (d.1867 )August 20 August 21 August 22 August 23 –Adhémar Jean Claude Barré de Saint-Venant , French mechanic, mathematician (d.1886 )August 24 August 25 August 26 August 27 August 28 August 30 –Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley , English novelist, dramatist, essayist, biographer and travel writer (d.1851 )August 31 September 1 –William FitzGerald-de Ros, 23rd Baron de Ros of England (d.1874 )September 3 –Benjamin Nottingham Webster , English actor-manager and dramatist (d.1882 )September 4 September 5 September 6 September 7 September 10 September 11 –George Strange Boulton , Upper Canada lawyer, political figure (d.1869 )September 12 September 13 –Joseph Stannard , English marine and landscape painter (d.1830 )September 14 –Joseph-Désiré Court , French painter of historical subjects and portraits (d.1865 )September 15 –Andrew Trumbo , United States Representative from Kentucky (d.1871 )September 16 September 17 September 18 –Camille-Melchior Gibert , French dermatologist (d.1866 )September 19 –January Suchodolski , Polish painter, Army officer (d.1875 )September 21 September 23 September 24 –Carl Peter Wilhelm Gramberg , German theologian, biblical scholar (d.1830 )September 25 –John J. Allen , Virginia lawyer (d.1871 )September 26 –Olry Terquem , French pharmacist, paleontologist (d.1887 )September 27 September 28 September 29 Philippe Suchard Thurlow Weed Heinrich Heine Charles Hodge October 1 –Lewis Ruffner , salt manufacturer from Malden, West Virginia (d.1883 )October 2 –Jonathan Pitney , American physician, promoter of Absecon Island as healing seashore resort (d.1889 )October 3 October 4 October 5 –John Gardner Wilkinson , English traveller, writer and pioneer Egyptologist (d.1875 )[ 18] October 6 October 7 –Peter Georg Bang , Danish politician, jurist (d.1861 )October 8 October 9 October 10 October 12 –Gaspard Thémistocle Lestiboudois , French naturalist (d.1876 )October 13 October 14 October 15 October 16 –James Brudenell, 7th Earl of Cardigan (d.1868 )October 17 October 18 October 19 –Littleton Kirkpatrick , American Whig Party politician (d.1859 )October 20 –José Bernardo Escobar , interim President of Guatemala (d.1849 )October 21 October 23 –Jan Jacob Rochussen ,Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies (d.1871 )October 24 –Štefan Moyses , Slovak bishop, teacher, patriot, co-founder and first chairman ofMatica slovenská (d.1869 )October 25 October 26 October 27 –Andrew Combe , Scottish physician, phrenologist (d.1847 )October 28 –James C. Curtis , American lawyer, politician (d.1881 )October 30 October 31 –Benjamin H. Smith , American politician from Virginia (d.1887 )November 1 November 2 –Baltazar Mathias Keilhau , Norwegian geologist, mountain pioneer (d.1858 )November 3 –Thomas Icely , early colonial New South Wales landholder, stockbreeder (d.1874 )November 4 –Carlo Blasis , Italian dancer (d.1878 )November 5 –Elisha H. Groves , mid-level American LDS Church leader (d.1867 )November 6 –Gabriel Andral , French pathologist, professor at the University of Paris (d.1876 )November 13 –Niklas Westring , Swedish entomologist, arachnologist (d.1882 )November 14 November 15 November 17 –Isaac Funk , American rancher and politician (d.1865 )November 18 –Carl Reinhold Roth , Swedish businessman, ironmaster (d.1858 )November 19 November 20 November 21 –Anders Josef Europaeus , Finnish priest, vicar (d.1870 )November 22 –David Salomons , leading figure in the struggle for Jewish emancipation in the United Kingdom (d.1873 )November 23 November 27 –José Xavier de Cerveira e Sousa , Portuguese prelate (d.1862 )November 29 November 30 December 2 –Benjamin F. Hallett , Massachusetts lawyer, Democratic Party activist (d.1862 )December 3 December 4 December 5 December 6 December 7 –Charles J. McCurdy , American lawyer (d.1891 )December 8 –Martin Martens , Belgian botanist, chemist (d.1863 )December 9 December 10 –Raffaele Fidanza , Italian painter (d.1846 )December 11 December 12 December 13 –Heinrich Heine , German poet (d.1856 )December 14 December 15 December 17 December 18 December 19 –Antoine Louis Dugès , French obstetrician, naturalist (d.1838 )December 22 December 23 –Adrien-Henri de Jussieu , French botanist (d.1853 )December 24 December 25 December 26 December 27 December 28 December 29 –François Leuret , French anatomist, psychiatrist (d.1851 )approximate date –Sojourner Truth , African-American abolitionist, women's rights activist (d.1883 )Francis Lightfoot Lee January 11 –Francis Lightfoot Lee , member of the House of Burgesses in the Colony of Virginia (b.1734 )January 13 –Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel-Bevern , queen consort of Prussia (b.1715 )January 19 –David Graeme , British Army general (b.1716 )January 26 –Antão de Almada, 12th Count of Avranches (b.1718 )January 30 –John Glover , American military general, fisherman and merchant (b.1732 )February 1 –James Duane , American lawyer (b.1733 )February 8 –Princess Joséphine of Lorraine (b.1753 )February 11 –Antoine Dauvergne , French composer (b.1713 )February 13 –Sir Robert Burdett, 4th Baronet , British politician and member of the English gentry (b.1716 )February 17 –Maria Anna Sophia of Saxony , daughter of King Augustus III of Poland (b.1728 )February 21 –John Parkhurst , English academic (b.1728 )February 22 –Karl Friedrich Hieronymus Freiherr von Münchhausen , German officer and adventurer (b.1720 )March 2 –Horace Walpole , English politician and writer (b.1717 )March 5 –Empress Xiaoshurui , first Empress Consort of the Jiaqing Emperor of the Qing Dynasty (b.1760 )March 7 March 16 –Cristina Roccati , Italian scholar in physics (b.1732 )March 17 –Daniel Dulany the Younger , Maryland Loyalist politician (b.1722 )March 26 –James Hutton , Scottish geologist (b.1726 )March 30 –Pierre Jean Van Stabel , French rear-admiral (b.1744 )March 31 François-Noël Babeuf Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar April 4 –Pierre-François Berruer , French sculptor (b.1733 )April 17 –Susanna Boylston , prominent early-American socialite (b.1708 )April 27 –Henry Louis, Prince of Nassau-Saarbrücken , titular prince of Nassau-Saarbrücken (b.1768 )April 29 –Elizabeth Ryves , Irish writer, translator (b.1750 )May 7 –Jedediah Strutt , English hosier and cotton spinner from Belper (b.1726 )May 14 –Giovanni Fagnano , Italian churchman and mathematician (b.1715 )May 17 –Michel-Jean Sedaine , French dramatist (b.1719 )May 25 May 27 June 15 –Christen Friis Rottbøll , Danish physician, botanist and pupil of Carolus Linnaeus (b.1727 )June 17 June 21 –Andreas Peter Bernstorff , Danish statesman, politician (b.1735 )June 24 –Bahadur Shah of Nepal , younger son of King Prithvi Narayan Shah (1723–1775) of modern Nepal (b.1757 )June 30 Edmund Burke Joseph Wright of Derby Mary Wollstonecraft Asaf-ud-Daula July 9 –Edmund Burke , Irish philosopher (b.1723 )July 11 –Ienăchiță Văcărescu , Wallachian writer (b.1740 )July 12 –Peter Bonnevaux , fourth Military Governor of British Ceylon, third General Officer Commanding (b.1752 )July 14 –Emmanuel de Rohan-Polduc , member of the wealthy and influential Rohan family of France (b.1725 )July 25 Richard Bowen , officer of the Royal Navy during the American War of Independence and the French Revolutionary Wars (b.1761 )George Thorp , officer of the British Royal Navy during the French Revolutionary Wars (b.1777 )July 29 –John Weatherhead , officer of the British Royal Navy (b.1775 )August 3 August 6 –James Pettit Andrews , English historian, antiquary (b.1737 )August 10 –Alexei Senyavin , Russian admiral (b.1716 )August 22 –Dagobert Sigmund von Wurmser , Alsatian-born Austrian general (b.1724 )August 25 –Thomas Chittenden , first governor of the state of Vermont (b.1730 )August 29 –Joseph Wright of Derby , English landscape and portrait painter (b.1734 )September 4 –Sir William Ashburnham, 4th Baronet , Church of England clergyman, baronet (b.1710 )September 10 –Mary Wollstonecraft , English feminist author (b.1759 )[ 21] September 12 –David Forman , brigadier general of New Jersey militia (b.1745 )September 19 September 21 September 25 –John Baughan , English carpenter, thief and transportee to Australia (b.1754 )September 30 –Gunning Bedford Sr. , American lawyer and politician from New Castle (b.1742 )Agui October 9 –Vilna Gaon , Lithuanian rabbi (b.1720 )October 10 Agui , Manchu noble general for the Qing dynasty (b.1717 )Carter Braxton , signer of the United States Declaration of Independence, merchant, planter, Virginia politician (b.1736 )October 14 –William Orr , member of the United Irishmen (executed) (b.1766 )October 17 –Jean-François Hubert , bishop of Quebec (b.1739 )October 20 –William Cooke , English cleric, academic (b.1711 )November 14 –Ivan Shuvalov , founder ofMoscow University (b.1727 )November 16 – KingFrederick William II of Prussia (b.1744 )[ 22] November 18 –Jacques-Alexandre Laffon de Ladebat , French shipbuilder, merchant (b.1719 )November 26 –Andrew Adams , American lawyer (b.1736 )November 27 –Johann Baptist Wendling , Alsatian-born flute player, composer of the Mannheim School (b.1723 )November 29 –Samuel Langdon , American Congregational clergyman, President of Harvard University (b.1723 )December 1 –Oliver Wolcott , American politician (b.1726 )December 11 –Richard Brocklesby , English physician (b.1722 )December 13 –Louis Legendre , French politician of the Revolution period (b.1752 )December 23 December 26 –John Wilkes , English radical (b.1725 )December 30 –David Martin , British painter, engraver (b.1737 )Date unknown ^ Dale, David (February 16, 2008)."Who We Are: The man who nearly changed everything" .The Sun Herald . Archived fromthe original on June 23, 2012. RetrievedApril 26, 2018 . ^ Heaton, J. Henniker (1873).Australian Dictionary of Dates and Men of the Time . Sydney. {{cite book }}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link )^ Grassby, Al; Hill, Marji (1988).Six Australian Battlefields . North Ryde: Angus & Robertson. p. 99. ^ "Pemulwuy" .www.nma.gov.au . Canberra, Australia:National Museum of Australia .Archived from the original on March 9, 2022. RetrievedAugust 14, 2022 .^ Rose, John Holland (1904). "Bonaparte and the Conquest of Italy". In Ward, A. W.; Prothero, G. W.; Leathes, Stanley (eds.).The Cambridge Modern History, vol. VIII: The French Revolution . Cambridge University Press. p. 582.^ Lossing, Benson John; Wilson, Woodrow, eds. (1910).Harper's Encyclopaedia of United States History from 458 A.D. to 1909 . New York: Harper & Brothers. p. 171. ^ Vincent, K. Steven (2011).Benjamin Constant and the Birth of French Liberalism . Springer. pp. 81– 82. ^ Andress, David (2015).The Oxford Handbook of the French Revolution . Oxford University Press. ^ Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992).The Chronology of British History . London: Century Ltd. pp. 236– 237.ISBN 0-7126-5616-2 ^ Manweller, Mathew (2012).Chronology of the U.S. Presidency . ABC-CLIO. p. 57. ^ A History of Rugby School ^ Hepper, David J. (1994).British Warship Losses in the Age of Sail, 1650–1859 . Rotherfield: Jean Boudriot. p. 85.ISBN 0-948864-30-3 ^ ja:進修館#創設 (Japanese language edition) Ritreveted date on 23 May 2020.^ Bennett, Edward Turner (1797-1836), zoologist by J. C. Edwards inDictionary of National Biography online (accessed 21 July 2008)^ John Flower (January 17, 2013).Historical Dictionary of French Literature ISBN 978-0-8108-7945-4 ^ public domain : Chisholm, Hugh , ed. (1911). "Naumann, Georg Amadeus Carl Friedrich ".Encyclopædia Britannica ^ Revista del Instituto Libertador Ramón Castilla ^ Jason Thompson (2010).Sir Gardner Wilkinson and His Circle . University of Texas Press. p. 1.ISBN 9780292785694 ^ "Sir Charles Lyell (1797-1875)" .National Records of Scotland . May 31, 2013. RetrievedOctober 28, 2021 .^ Jerome R. Adams (1995).Notable Latin American Women: Twenty-nine Leaders, Rebels, Poets, Battlers, and Spies, 1500-1900 . McFarland & Company. p. 91.ISBN 9780786400225 ^ "Mary Wollstonecraft | Biography, Works, & Facts" .Encyclopedia Britannica . RetrievedApril 10, 2019 .^ public domain : Chisholm, Hugh , ed. (1911). "Frederick William II. of Prussia ".Encyclopædia Britannica 64– 65.^ Goodwin, Gordon (1889)."Ferrers, Joseph" Dictionary of National Biography 
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