The year1770 inscience andtechnology involved some significant events.

• July 1 –Lexell's Comet passes closer to the Earth than any othercomet in recorded history, approaching to a distance of 0.015AU. It is observed byCharles Messier between June 14 and October 3.^[1]

• Arthur Young publishesA Course of Experimental Agriculture inEngland.

• Benjamin Rush publishesSyllabus of a Course of Lectures on Chemistry inPhiladelphia, the firstchemistry textbook inNorth America.

• March 26 –First voyage of James Cook: English explorer CaptainJames Cook and his crew aboardHMS Endeavour complete the circumnavigation ofNew Zealand.
• April 18 (April 19 by Cook's log)^[2] – Captain Cook and his crew become the first recorded Europeans to encounter the eastern coastline of theAustralian continent.
• April 28 (April 29 by Cook's log) – Captain Cook drops anchor in a wide bay about 16 km (10 mi) south of the present city ofSydney, Australia. Because the youngbotanist on board the ship,Joseph Banks, discovers 30,000 specimens of plant life in the area, 1,600 of them unknown to European science, Cook names the placeBotany Bay on May 7.
• August 22 (August 23 by Cook's log) – Captain Cook determines thatNew Holland (Australia) is not contiguous withNew Guinea.

• French mathematician and political scientistJean-Charles de Borda formulates the ranked preferentialelectoral system which becomes known as theBorda count.
• Lagrange discusses representations of integers by general algebraic forms; produces a tract onelimination theory; publishes his first paper on the general process for solving analgebraic equation of any degree viaLagrangeresolvents; and provesBachet's theorem thatevery positive integer is the sum of four squares.

• January – Outbreak ofRussian plague of 1770-1772.
• October 18 –Radcliffe Infirmary,Oxford,England, admits its first patients.^[3]

• The fossilised bones of a huge animal (later identified as aMosasaur) are found in a quarry nearMaastricht in theNetherlands.

• July –James Hargreaves obtains aBritishpatent for thespinning jenny.^[4]
• Thespring scale is created byRichard Salter.^[5]

• Copley Medal:William Hamilton^[6]

• April 9 –Thomas Johann Seebeck,Baltic Germanphysicist (died1831)
• April 18 –William Nicol,Scottishgeologist (died1851)
• November 5 –Sarah Guppy,English inventor (died1852)

• April 25 – AbbéJean-Antoine Nollet,French physicist (born1700)
• July 21 –Charlotta Frölich, Swedish agronomist and historian (born1698)
• September 9 –Bernhard Siegfried Albinus,German-bornanatomist inHolland (born1697)
• December 5 –James Stirling, Scottishmathematician (born1692)

• 1770 in science
• 18th century in science
• 1770s in science

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