Calendar year
September 3 : TheHanoverian Alliance (in red) is made between Great Britain, France, Prussia and the Electorate of Hanover after theApril 30 formation of theViennese Alliance (in blue) betweenAustria ,Spain and theHoly Roman Empire .1725 by topic Arts and science Countries Lists of leaders Birth and death categories Establishments and disestablishments categories Works category
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1725 .
1725 (MDCCXXV ) was acommon year starting on Monday of theGregorian calendar and acommon year starting on Friday of theJulian calendar , the 1725th year of theCommon Era (CE) andAnno Domini 2nd millennium , the 25th year of the18th century , and the 6th year of the1720s decade. As of the start of 1725, the Gregorian calendar was 11 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
Calendar year
January 1 –J. S. Bach leads the first performance of hischorale cantata Jesu, nun sei gepreiset , BWV 41[ 1] [ 2] January 6 –J. S. Bach leads the first performance ofLiebster Immanuel, Herzog der Frommen , BWV 123chorale cantata forEpiphany .[ 3] January 15 –James Macrae , a former captain of a freighter for theBritish East India Company , is hired by the Company to administer theMadras Presidency (at this time, the "Presidency of Fort St. George"), and begins major reforms. The area administered is most ofSouthern India , including what is now the Indian state ofAndhra Pradesh , parts the states ofTamil Nadu ,Kerala ,Karnataka ,Telangana ,Odisha and the union territory ofLakshadweep .January 20 –James Figg hosts the first recorded international boxing match, fought between English livestockdrover Bob Whitaker and Venetiangondolier Alberto di Carni in London.[ 4] [ 5] January 25 – The Spanish corsairAmaro Pargo receives the title ofHidalgo (nobleman).January – In Japan, the policy of theGonin Gumi organizing groups of every five households in a town into units collectively responsible for the good behavior of everyone in the unit, goes into effect as the register of units is completed by theTokugawa shogunate .[ 6] February 2 –J. S. Bach leads the first performance of hischorale cantata Mit Fried und Freud ich fahr dahin , BWV 125Luther's paraphrase of theNunc dimittis .[ 7] February 8 – (January 28Old Style )Catherine I becomes Empress of Russia on the death of her husband,Peter the Great .[ 8] February 20 – The first reported case of white menscalping Native Americans takes place inNew Hampshire colony .February 23 –J. S. Bach leads hisTafel-Music Shepherd Cantata Christian, Duke of Saxe-Weissenfels .[ 9] March 25 – Bach'schorale cantata Wie schön leuchtet der Morgenstern , BWV 1Feast of the Annunciation , coinciding withPalm Sunday .[ 10] March 30 – The second performance ofJohann Sebastian Bach 'sSt John Passion BWV 245 (including 5 movements from hisWeimarer Passion St. Thomas Church, Leipzig .April 1 –J. S. Bach 's laterEaster Oratorio Nikolaikirche in Leipzig onEaster Sunday .[ 11] April 2 –J. S. Bach 's cantataBleib bei uns, denn es will Abend werden , BWV 6Easter Monday .[ 12] April 30 –Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor and KingPhilip V of Spain sign theTreaty of Vienna .May 12 – TheBlack Watch is raised as a military company, as part of the pacification of theScottish Highlands under GeneralGeorge Wade .[ 13] May 15 – Bach leads the first performance of his cantataIch bin ein guter Hirt , BWV 85Good Shepherd .[ 14] May 21 – On the day of the grand wedding of her daughterAnna to theDuke of Holstein-Gottorp , EmpressCatherine I of Russia creates theOrder of Saint Alexander Nevsky May 24 –Jonathan Wild , fraudulent 'Thief-Taker General', is hanged atTyburn in London, for actually aiding criminals.June 23 – TheMalt tax riots begin inScotland inHamilton, South Lanarkshire , after the price of beer and scotch whisky increases. Earlier in the year, the British government extended the taxes in England onmalted grain to brewers and distilleries in Scotland. The rioting then spreads throughout Scottish counties.June 24 – TheGrand Lodge of Ireland inDublin holds its first recorded meeting, making it the second most seniorGrand Lodge in worldFreemasonry , and the oldest in continuous existence.[ 15] July 8 –Mattheus de Haan becomes the new Governor-General of theDutch East Indies (modern-day Indonesia), governing until his death on June 1, 1729 inBatavia (modernJakarta ).July 15 –Sir Richard Everard becomes the 4thGovernor of North Carolina .August 15 – The civil marriage ofKing Louis XV of France and PrincessMaria Leszczyńska of Poland is held atStrasbourg . The King is not present, and his cousin, theDuke of Orléans , serves as hisproxy .August 19 –J. S. Bach leads the first performance ofLobe den Herren, den mächtigen König der Ehren , BWV 137a cantata setting the unchanged text ofNeander's hymn .[ 16] August 27 – At least 216 people die in the sinking of theChameau French Navy , after the vessel is driven by a storm into rocks off of the coast ofNova Scotia . Reportedly, 180 bodies wash ashore nearLouisbourg . The ship's cargo, which included a fortune in gold and silver coins, is discovered 240 years later in 1965.September 5 – The day after they meet for the first time, the wedding ceremony ofKing Louis andMarie takes place inFontainebleau , making her the Queen Consort of France. Their marriage lasts for almost 43 years until her death in 1768.September 16 – TheTreaty of Hanover is signed between Great Britain,France andPrussia .October 19 –Joan Paul Schaghen is appointed by theDutch East India Company to serve as the Governor of Ceylon after the death ofJohannes Hertenberg .October 23 – Russia dispatches 1,500 troops and 120 civilians to Russia's border with China, on a mission to survey the boundaries in order to make a treaty with the Chinese Empire. Serbian adventurerSava Vladislavich leads a group of cartographers to prepare maps in advance of traveling on toBeijing .November 5 – The fourth and final treaty of the1725 Peace of Vienna is signed to create an alliance between Austria and Spain.November 8 – The first newspaper in theProvince of New York , theNew-York Gazette William Bradford as a weekly publication.November 22 –Chief Chicagou of theMitchigamea tribe, and chiefs of five other tribes of theIllini Confederation , are received as guests of KingLouis XV in Paris. Chicagou pledges the Illini's support of the French presence in North America.November 26 – British astronomersJames Bradley andSamuel Molyneux set up a telescope in Molyneux's private observatory to begin their observations ofstellar parallax of the starGamma Draconis .[ 17] aberration of light .December 12 –Johan Willem Ripperda of theNetherlands , the former Dutch Ambassador to Spain, arrives inMadrid and claims thatKing Philip V has appointed him as the newPrime Minister . The bluff is successful and he is granted authority by the King's advisers, but after four months, he is forced to resign.December 15 – A treaty is signed by chiefs of four member tribes of theWabanaki Confederacy (theAbenaki ,Pequawket ,Mi'kmaq ,Maliseet ) and representatives of three British provinces in North America (Massachusetts Bay ,New Hampshire andNova Scotia ) and their allies, theMohawk nation , bringing an end toDummer's War , named for acting Massachusetts Bay GovernorWilliam Dummer .December 25 –J. S. Bach leads the first performance of theChristmas cantata Unser Mund sei voll Lachens , BWV 110[ 18] TheTerengganu Sultanate is established at Terengganu Darul Iman (in modern Malaysia). A fire inWapping , London, destroys 70 houses. InQing dynasty China, 66 copies of a 5,020 volume-longencyclopedia , theComplete Classics Collection of Ancient China movable type characters cast in bronze. Freemasonry is established in France, as an English import.The Four Seasons Antonio Vivaldi , is published.Gradus ad Parnassum Johann Joseph Fux .Giacomo Casanova Maria Teresa Cybo-Malaspina, Duchess of Massa Robert Clive January 25 –Antoine Court de Gébelin , French pastor (d.1784 )February 4 –Dru Drury , English entomologist (d.1803 )February 5 February 15 –Abraham Clark , American signer of the Declaration of Independence (d.1794 )February 25 –Karl Wilhelm Ramler , German poet (d.1798 )February 26 –Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot , French steam vehicle pioneer (d.1804 )March 6 –Henry Benedict Stuart , Italian-born cardinal, Jacobite claimant to the British throne (d.1807 )March 17 –Lachlan McIntosh , Scottish-born American military and political leader (d.1806 )March 20 –Abdul Hamid I ,Ottoman Sultan (d.1789 )March 24 March 28 –Andrew Kippis , English non-conformist clergyman, biographer (d.1795 )[ 19] April 2 –Giacomo Casanova , Italian adventurer, writer (d.1798 )April 6 –Pasquale Paoli , Corsican patriot, military leader (d.1807 )April 23 –Gerard Majella , ItalianCatholic lay brother andsaint (d.1755 )April 25 –Augustus Keppel, 1st Viscount Keppel , British admiral (d.1786 )May 4 –Johan August Meijerfeldt the Younger , Swedish field marshal (d.1800 )May 12 –Louis Philippe I, Duke of Orléans , French soldier, writer (d.1785 )May 25 –Samuel Ward , American politician (d.1776 )June 29 –Maria Teresa Cybo-Malaspina, Duchess of Massa , Italian ruler (d.1790 )July 1 –Rhoda Delaval , English portrait painter (d.1757 )July 4 July 24 –John Newton , English cleric and hymnist (d.1807 )August 21 –Jean-Baptiste Greuze , French painter (d.1805 )August 29 –Charles Townshend , English politician (d.1767 )September 5 –Jean-Étienne Montucla , French mathematician (d.1799 )September 12 –Guillaume Le Gentil , French astronomer (d.1792 )September 16 September 24 –Arthur Guinness , Irish brewer (d.1803 )September 29 –Robert Clive , British general, statesman (d.1774 )October 12 –Étienne Louis Geoffroy , French pharmacist, entomologist (d.1810 )October 21 –Franz Moritz Graf von Lacy , Austrian field marshal (d.1801 )December 11 –George Mason , American founding father (d.1792 )December 18 –Johann Salomo Semler , German historian, Bible commentator (d.1791 )December 23 –Ahmad Shah Bahadur , 14thMughal Emperor (d.1775 )date unknown –Magdalena Dávalos y Maldonado , Ecuadorian scholar, socialite (d.1806 )EmperorPeter I of Russia Jonathan Wild January 6 –Chikamatsu Monzaemon , Japanese dramatist (b.1653 )January 26 –Sulkhan-Saba Orbeliani , Georgian prince (b.1658 )January 29 –Nuno Álvares Pereira de Melo, 1st Duke of Cadaval , Portuguese nobleman and statesman (b.1638 )February 7 –Johann Philipp Krieger , German Baroque composer (b.1649 )February 8 – EmperorPeter I of Russia (b.1672 )March 2 –José Benito de Churriguera , Spanish architect, sculptor (b.1665 )March 10 –John Conyers , English politician (b.1650 )March 30 –René de Froulay de Tessé , French Marshal and diplomat (b.1648 )April 8 –John Wise , English clergyman (b.1652 )April 12 –Giovanni Battista Foggini , Italian artist (b.1652 )April 25 –Paul de Rapin , French historian (b.1661 )May 22 –Robert Molesworth, 1st Viscount Molesworth , Irish politician (b.1656 )May 24 –Jonathan Wild , English criminal (b.1682 )May 31 –Erik Carlsson Sjöblad , Swedish governor, admiral, and baron (b.1647 )June 29 July 11 –Salomon Franck , German lawyer, scientist, poet (b.1659 )July 17 –Thomas King , English and British soldier, MP for Queenborough, lieutenant-governor of Sheerness (b. before 1660?)[ 20] September 16 –Antoine V de Gramont , French military leader (b.1672 )October 10 October 11 –Hans Herr , Swiss-born Mennonite bishop (b.1639 )October 16 –Ralph Thoresby , British historian (b.1658 )October 24 –Alessandro Scarlatti ,Italian composer (b.1660 )November 20 –William, Landgrave of Hesse-Rotenburg (from 1683) (b.1648 )December 7 –Florent Carton Dancourt , French dramatist, actor (b.1661 )December 10 –Nicolaas Hartsoeker , Dutch mathematician and physicist (b.1656 )date unknown probable ^ "Jesu, nun sei gepreiset , BWV 41; BC A 22" .Bach Digital . RetrievedDecember 15, 2024 .^ Dürr, Alfred ;Jones, Richard D. P. (2006)."Jesu, nun sei gepreiset , BWV 41" .The Cantatas of J. S. Bach: With Their Librettos in German-English Parallel Text . Oxford:Oxford University Press . pp. 148– 151.ISBN 978-0-19-969628-4 ^ "Liebster Immanuel, Herzog der Frommen BWV 123; BC A 28" .Bach Digital ^ Gee, Tony (2004)."Figg, James (b. before 1700, d. 1734), prize-fighter" Oxford Dictionary of National Biography doi :10.1093/ref:odnb/9417 .ISBN 978-0-19-861412-8 . RetrievedJune 13, 2022 . (Subscription,Wikipedia Library access orUK public library membership required.) ^ Roberts, Randy (1977). "Eighteenth Century Boxing".Journal of Sport History .4 (3): 249.JSTOR 43610520 . ^ Yosaburō Takekoshi,The Economic Aspects of the History of the Civilization of Japan , Volume 3 (Taylor & Francis, 2004) p395 ^ "Mit Fried und Freud ich fahr dahin BWV 125; BC A 168" .Bach Digital . RetrievedJanuary 26, 2025 .^ "Historical Events for Year 1725 | OnThisDay.com" .Historyorb.com . RetrievedJuly 8, 2016 .^ "Entfliehet, verschwindet, entweichet ihr Sorgen BWV 249.1; BWV 249a; BC [G 2]" .Bach Digital . RetrievedFebruary 19, 2025 .^ Leisinger, Ulrich (1998).Johann Sebastian Bach / Wie schön leuchtet der Morgenstern / How beauteous is the morning star / BWV 1 (PDF) . Translated by Kosviner, David. Stuttgart:Carus-Verlag . p. 4.^ "Kommt, fliehet [gehet] und eilet, ihr flüchtigen Füße BWV 249.3; BWV 249; BC D 8a" .Bach Digital . RetrievedApril 2, 2025 .^ "Bleib bei uns, denn es will Abend werden BWV 6; BC A 57" .Bach Digital ^ "Notable Dates in History" .The Flag in the Wind .The Scots Independent . Archived fromthe original on January 26, 2016. RetrievedFebruary 26, 2016 .^ "Ich bin ein guter Hirt BWV 85; BC A 66" .Bach Digital . RetrievedMay 2, 2025 .^ Dublin Weekly Journal 26 June 1725."History of Freemasonry in Ireland" .Freemasonry in North Munster . Provincial Grand Lodge of North Munster. RetrievedAugust 30, 2012 .^ "Lobe den Herren, den mächtigen König der Ehren BWV 137; BC A 124 Bach Digital 2025^ "Molyneux, Samuel", by Miss A. M. Clerke, inThe Dictionary of National Biography , Volume 38 (Macmillan and Co., 1894) p136 ^ "Unser Mund sei voll Lachens BWV 110; BC A 10" .Bach Digital . RetrievedSeptember 2, 2025 .^ Cunningham, George Godfrey (1837).Lives of Eminent and Illustrious Englishmen: From Alfred the Great to the Latest Times, on an Original Plan ^ Newman, A. N."KING, Thomas (?bef.1660-1725), of St. Margaret's, Westminster and Sheerness, Kent" .History of Parliament Online the original on January 3, 2020. RetrievedJanuary 4, 2020 . 
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