Calendar year
1678 (MDCLXXVIII ) was acommon year starting on Saturday of theGregorian calendar and acommon year starting on Tuesday of theJulian calendar , the 1678th year of theCommon Era (CE) andAnno Domini 2nd millennium , the 78th year of the17th century , and the 9th year of the1670s decade. As of the start of 1678, the Gregorian calendar was 10 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
Calendar year
August 14 –15 : TheBattle of Saint-Denis is foughtApril 2 –Ignatius Gregory Peter VI Shahbaddin is enthroned as the Patriarch of theSyriac Catholic Church inAleppo , after receiving recognition by Ottoman SultanMehmed IV and byPope Innocent XI .April 12 – TheTreaty of Casco Bay is signed between officials of theProvince of New York and thePenobscot tribe and theWabanaki Confederacy , bringing an end to further fighting that has happened in the two years since the end ofKing Philip's War in the modern-day U.S. state ofMaine . Under the terms of the treaty, English settlers pay rent to the Penobscots and are given back farm land that had been confiscated in the war, while the English settlers agree to respect the Penobscot land rights.[ 7] May 11 – French admiralJean d'Estrees runs his whole fleet aground in either theLas Aves Archipelago orIsla de Aves , intending to reachCuraçao .[ 8] June 10 – Frenchbuccaneer Michel de Grammont arrives at Spanish-heldVenezuela with six pirate ships, 13 smaller craft, and 2,000 men in a daring raid on the South American territory, then leads half of his force inward towardMaracaibo , which he takes on June 14. During the rest of the month, he and his soldiers march inland as far asTrujillo . Grammont and his pirates finally depart on December 3.[ 9] June 25 –Elena Lucrezia Cornaro Piscopia becomes the first woman to be awarded a university degree, a doctorate in philosophy from theUniversity of Padua .[ 10] July 23 – TheBattle of Ortenbach , one of the last major engagements of theFranco-Dutch War , takes place nearOffenburg at theRhine river in southwestern Germany, as French forces under the command ofFrançois de Créquy overwhelm a larger force ofHoly Roman Empire troops commanded by theDuke of Lorraine ,Karl V Leopold .July 29 –Muhammad Azam Shah is appointed as the Mughal Governor of Bengal by his father, the EmperorAurangzeb , but serves for a little more than a year before being recalled fromDhaka .[ 11] August 10 – TheTreaties of Nijmegen end theFranco-Dutch War .[ 12] County of Burgundy is ceded to theKingdom of France .[ 13] August 14 –15 – TheBattle of Saint-Denis is fought after the signing of peace in the Franco-Dutch War.[ 14] August 21 – On the island ofJava in modern-day Indonesia, theKediri campaign begins asMataram Sultanate andDutch East India Company (VOC) forces under the command of VOC CaptainFrançois Tack begin marching fromJepara towardKediri to suppress theTrunajaya rebellion that had driven out the Mataram Sultan. They are joined by two other columns of troops over the next fortnight.September 5 – SultanAmangkurat II of Mataram sets off from Jepara with the main force in theKediri campaign , leading native troops, along with VOC forces under the command ofAnthonio Hurdt , leader of the campaign.[ 15] September 6 –Titus Oates begins to present allegations of the "Popish Plot ", a supposedRoman Catholic conspiracy to assassinate kingCharles II of England .[ 16] Tory to those who disbelieve his allegations.September 17 – TheFranco-Dutch War between theKingdom of France and theDutch Republic (and its allies) comes to an end after more than six years as theTreaties of Nijmegen bring about a ceasefire.[ 17] Antonio Vivaldi Amaro Pargo March 4 –Antonio Vivaldi , Italian composer (d.1741 )[ 24] March 7 –Filippo Juvarra , Italian architect (d.1736 )April 14 –Abraham Darby I , one of the English fathers of the Industrial Revolution (d.1717 )[ 25] May 3 –Amaro Pargo , Spanish corsair (d.1747 )[ 26] May 16 –Andreas Silbermann , German organ builder (d.1734 )[ 27] July 26 –Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor (d.1711 )[ 28] September 16 –Henry St John, 1st Viscount Bolingbroke , English statesman and philosopher (d.1751 )[ 29] September 29 –Adrien-Maurice, 3rd duc de Noailles , French soldier (d.1766 )[ 30] October 10 –John Campbell, 2nd Duke of Argyll , Scottish soldier (d.1743 )[ 31] October 16 –Anna Waser , Swiss painter (d.1714 )[ 32] November 26 –Jean Jacques d'Ortous de Mairan , French geophysicist (d.1771 )[ 33] December 8 –Horatio Walpole, 1st Baron Walpole of Wolterton , English diplomat (d.1757 )[ 34] December 13 –Yongzheng Emperor of China (d.1735 )[ 35] December 14 –Daniel Neal , English historian (d.1743 )[ 36] December 30 –William Croft , English composer (d.1727 )[ 37] date unknown Samuel Dirksz van Hoogstraten Andries de Graeff January 4 –Joan Maetsuycker , Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies (b.1606 )[ 44] January 11 –Ferrante III Gonzaga, Duke of Guastalla , Italian noble (b.1618 )[ 45] January 12 –Robert Ellison , English politician (b.1614 )[ 46] January 23 – SirWilliam Curtius FRS, German magistrate and English baronet (b.1599 )[ 47] January 27 –Maria Overlander van Purmerland , Dutch noble (b.1603 )[ 48] January 29 –Jeronimo Lobo , Portuguese Jesuit missionary (b.1593 )[ 49] February 7 –Sir Philip Musgrave, 2nd Baronet , English politician (b.1607 )[ 50] November 20 –Daniel Clasen , German academic (b.1622 )[ 51] March 3 –Philip Bell , British colonial governor (b.1590 )[ 52] March 10 –Jean de Launoy , French historian (b.1603 )[ 53] March 27 –Juan de Leyva de la Cerda, conde de Baños , Spanish noble (b.1604 )April 12 –Mary Rich, Countess of Warwick , 7th daughter of Richard Boyle (b.1625 )[ 54] April 23 –Walter Aston, 2nd Lord Aston of Forfar , second and eldest surviving son of Walter Aston (b.1609 )[ 55] April 24 –Louis VI, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt (1661–1678) (b.1630 )April 27 –Nicolas Roland , French priest and founder (b.1642 )May 2 –Willem Nieupoort , Dutch politician, and diplomat (b.1607 )[ 56] May 3 –Bernhard II, Duke of Saxe-Jena , German noble (b.1638 )[ 57] May 4 orMay 14 –Anna Maria van Schurman , Dutch poet and scholar (b.1607 )[ 58] May 16 –Tamura Muneyoshi , Japanese daimyō of the Iwanuma Domain (b.1637 )May 18 –Miyamoto Iori , Japanese samurai (b.1612 )[ 59] June 2 –Pieter de Groot , Dutch diplomat (b.1615 )June 17 –Giacomo Torelli , Italian stage designer, engineer, and architect (b.1608 )[ 60] June 19 –Benedict Arnold , Rhode Island colonial governor (b.1615 )[ 61] June 24 –Charles de Lorme , French physician (b.1584 )[ 62] August 5 –Juan García de Zéspedes , Mexican musician and composer (b.1619 )August 16 –Andrew Marvell , English writer (b.1621 )[ 63] August 17 –Guillaume Herincx , Flemish theologian, Bishop of Ypres (b.1621 )[ 64] August 28 –John Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley of Stratton , English soldier (b.1602 )[ 65] August 31 –Louis VII, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt (b.1658 )September 1 –Jan Brueghel the Younger , Flemish painter (b.1601 )[ 66] September 8 –Pietro della Vecchia , Italian painter (b.1603 )[ 67] September 19 –Christoph Bernhard von Galen , Westphalian Catholic prince-bishop of Münster and military leader (b.1606 )[ 68] September 18 –Maurizio Cazzati , Italian composer (b.1616 )[ 69] October 5 –Hedevig Ulfeldt , daughter of King Christian IV of Denmark and Kirsten Munk (b.1626 )[ 70] October 11 –Sir Peter Leycester, 1st Baronet , British historian (b.1614 )[ 71] October 12 October 14 –Sir Richard Newdigate, 1st Baronet , English politician (b.1602 )[ 73] October 16 –Cornelis HrR Ridder de Graeff , Dutch nobleman and chief landholder of the Zijpe and Haze Polder (b.1650 )[ 74] October 18 –Jacob Jordaens , Flemish painter (b.1593 )[ 75] October 19 –Samuel Dirksz van Hoogstraten , Dutch painter (b. c.1627 )[ 76] November 1 –William Coddington , first Governor of Rhode Island (b.1601 )[ 77] November 4 –Solomon Swale , English politician (b.1610 )[ 78] November 5 –Giovan Battista Nani , Italian historian and diplomat (b.1616 )[ 79] November 10 –Daniel Zwicker , German physician (b.1612 )[ 80] November 30 –Andries de Graeff , Dutch politician (b.1611 )[ 81] December 3 –Edward Colman , English Catholic courtier under Charles II (b.1636 )[ 82] December 20 –Matthew Marvin, Sr. , Connecticut settler (b.1600 )[ 83] ^ Cannon, Donald J. (1944).The Chronicle of Early American Industries . Retrieved11 March 2023 . ^ The Bookworm: An Illustrated Treasury of Old-time Literature . Retrieved11 March 2023 .^ Dryden, John (1893).The Poetical Works of John Dryden: Edited with a Memoir, Revised Text, and Notes . Retrieved11 March 2023 . ^ Wakeman, Frederic (August 1984). "Romantics, Stoics and Martyrs".Journal of Asian Studies :631– 665.doi :10.2307/2057148 .JSTOR 2057148 . Telling Chinese History: A Selection of Essays . University of California Press, 2009. p. 123.^ Atwill, David G. (2005).The Chinese Sultanate: Islam, Ethnicity, and the Panthay Rebellion in Southwest China, 1856-1873 ISBN 978-0-8047-5159-9 . Retrieved2023-03-13 . ^ Schmidtobreick, L.; Tappert, C.; Bianchini, A.; Mennickent, R. E. (27 October 2004)."Spectroscopic analysis of tremendous-outburst-nova candidates" .Astronomy & Astrophysics .432 :199– 205.arXiv :astro-ph/0411198 doi :10.1051/0004-6361:20041371 S2CID 18168602 . 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Retrieved14 March 2023 . ^ Breverton, Terry (15 December 2018)."Amaro Rodríguez-Felipe y Tejera Machado" .A Gross of Pirates: From Alfhild the Shield Maiden to Afweyne the Big Mouth . Amberley Publishing Limited.ISBN 978-1-4456-8293-8 . Retrieved14 March 2023 . ^ Randel, Don Michael (1996).The Harvard Biographical Dictionary of Music ISBN 978-0-674-37299-3 . Retrieved14 March 2023 . ^ Weaver, Andrew (25 September 2020).A Companion to Music at the Habsburg Courts in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries ISBN 978-90-04-43503-2 . Retrieved14 March 2023 . ^ Barrell, Rex A. (1988).Bolingbroke and France ISBN 978-0-8191-7127-6 . Retrieved14 March 2023 . ^ Oettinger, Eduard Maria (1867).Moniteur des dates: contenant un million de renseignements biographiques, généalogiques et historiques. Méan - R. 4 . Retrieved14 March 2023 . ^ Keltie, Sir John Scott (1875).A History of the Scottish Highlands, Highland Clans and Highland Regiments . Retrieved14 March 2023 . ^ "Anna Waser" .rkd.nl . Retrieved15 March 2023 .^ Heller, Ágost (1882).Geschichte der Physik von Aristoteles bis auf die neueste Ziet . Retrieved15 March 2023 . ^ Coxe, William (1802).Memoirs of Horatio Lord Walpole Selected from His Correspondence and Papers (etc.) . Retrieved15 March 2023 . ^ Hong Lee, Lily Xiao; Stefanowska, A.D.; Wing-chung Ho, Clara (1998).Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Women - The Qing Period (1644-1911) ISBN 978-0-7656-1827-6 . Retrieved15 March 2023 . ^ Encyclopedia Britannica . Retrieved15 March 2023 .^ Highfill, Philip H.; Burnim, Kalman A.; Langhans, Edward A. (1975).A Biographical Dictionary of Actors, Actresses, Musicians, Dancers, Managers and Other Stage Personnel in London, 1660-1800 ISBN 978-0-8093-0693-0 . Retrieved15 March 2023 . ^ George Farquhar, Louis A. Strauss (1914).A Discourse Upon Comedy: The Recruiting Officer and The Beaux Stratagem . Retrieved15 March 2023 . ^ Heckmann, Hermann (1998).Baumeister des Barock und Rokoko in Brandenburg-Preussen ISBN 978-3-345-00631-9 . Retrieved15 March 2023 . ^ "The Historical Theater in the Year 400 AD, in Which Both Romans and Barbarians Resided Side by Side in the Eastern Part of the Roman Empire" .World Digital Library . Retrieved2013-07-27 .^ Gabriel, Gabriel Anrep (1858).Svenska adelns ättar-taflor utgifna: Abrahamsson-Graufelt . Retrieved15 March 2023 . ^ Lynch, C. D.; O'Sullivan, V. R.; McGillycuddy, C. T. (December 2006)."Pierre Fauchard: the 'Father of Modern Dentistry' .British Dental Journal .201 (12):779– 781.doi :10.1038/sj.bdj.4814350 ISSN 1476-5373 .PMID 17183395 .S2CID 8945406 . ^ A. N. Newman."MICKLETHWAIT, Thomas (1678-1718), of Swine, nr. Hull, Yorks. | History of Parliament Online" .Archived from the original on August 22, 2023. RetrievedAugust 22, 2023 . ^ Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië . 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Retrieved16 March 2023 .(Subscription,Wikipedia Library access orUK public library membership required.) ^ Friedrich, Jugler Johann (1773).Beyträge zur juristischen Biographie, oder genauere litterarische und critische Nachrichten von dem Leben und den Schriften verstorbener Rechtsgelehrten auch Staatsmänner, welche sich in Europa berühmt gemacht haben . Retrieved16 March 2023 . ^ Crisp, Frederick Arthur, ed. (1903).Visitation of England and Wales ^ Bautz, Friedrich Wilhelm (1970).Biographisch-bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon ISBN 978-3-88309-040-5 . Retrieved17 March 2023 . {{cite book }}: CS1 maint: publisher location (link )^ Warwick, Frances Evelyn Maynard Greville Countess of (1903).Warwick Castle and Its Earls: From Saxon Times to the Present Day . Retrieved17 March 2023 . ^ Cokayne, George E. (1887).Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct Or Dormant . Retrieved17 March 2023 . ^ "[Mr. Willem Nieupoort], Biographisch woordenboek der Nederlanden. Deel 13, A.J. van der Aa" .DBNL (in Dutch). Retrieved17 March 2023 .^ Zenker, Jonathan Carl (1836).Historisch-topographisches Taschenbuch von Jena und seiner Umgebung : besonders in naturwissenschaftlicher u. medicinischer Beziehung : mit dem Plane von Jena und einem geognostischen Profile . Retrieved17 March 2023 . {{cite book }}: CS1 maint: publisher location (link )^ Larsen, Anne R. (14 April 2016).Anna Maria van Schurman, 'The Star of Utrecht': The Educational Vision and Reception of a Savante ISBN 978-1-317-18070-8 . Retrieved17 March 2023 . ^ "Musashi's Children" .www.miyamotomusashi.eu . Retrieved17 March 2023 .^ Bjurström, Per (1961).Giacomo Torelli and Baroque Stage Design . Retrieved17 March 2023 . ^ Bicknell, Thomas Williams (1920).The History of the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations . Retrieved17 March 2023 . ^ Delorme, Charles (1584-1678) . Retrieved18 March 2023 – via BnF Catalogue.^ Wilcher, R. (18 April 1985).Andrew Marvell ISBN 978-0-521-27722-8 . Retrieved17 March 2023 . ^ Herbermann, Charles George (1907).The Catholic encyclopedia; an international work of reference on the constitution, doctrine, discipline, and history of the Catholic Church . Retrieved17 March 2023 . ^ Burke, Bernard (1866).A Genealogical History of the Dormant: Abeyant, Forfeited, and Extinct Peerages of the British Empire . Retrieved18 March 2023 . ^ Holland, Gerhard (1998).Netherlandish Painting Before 1800 in Prominent Collections: Netherlandish painting before 1800 at the Städel ISBN 978-3-88284-005-6 . Retrieved18 March 2023 . ^ Aikema, Bernard."DELLA VECCHIA, Pietro" .www.treccani.it (in Italian). Retrieved18 March 2023 . ^ Gebhardt, Bruno (1901).Handbuch der deutschen Geschichte . Retrieved18 March 2023 . ^ Schnoebelen, Anne (2001)."Cazzati, Maurizio" .Grove Music Online .doi :10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.05230 .ISBN 978-1-56159-263-0 . Retrieved18 March 2023 . ^ Bricka, Carl Frederik.Dansk biografisk Lexikon / VII . Retrieved18 March 2023 . ^ Broadway, Jan (2004)."Leycester, Sir Peter, first baronet (1614–1678), antiquary" Oxford Dictionary of National Biography doi :10.1093/ref:odnb/16629 . Retrieved18 March 2023 . (Subscription,Wikipedia Library access orUK public library membership required.) ^ Catalogue of the Pictures, Miniatures, Pastels, Framed Water Colour Drawings, Etc. in the Rijks-museum at Amsterdam . Retrieved18 March 2023 .^ "NEWDIGATE, Richard (1602-78), of Arbury, Warws" .www.historyofparliamentonline.org . Retrieved18 March 2023 .^ Polvliet, Christiaan J. (1899).Het geslacht Deutz en Deutz van Assendelft . Retrieved18 March 2023 . ^ Hulst, Roger Adolf d'; Jordaens, Jacob; Poorter, Nora de; Vandenven, M. (1993).Jacob Jordaens, 1593-1678: Paintings and tapestries ISBN 978-90-5066-117-1 . Retrieved18 March 2023 . ^ "Samuel van Hoogstraten" .RKD . 4 March 2016. Archived fromthe original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved18 March 2023 .^ Lossing, Benson John (1905).Harper's Encyclopædia of United States History from 458 A.D. to 1905: Based Upon the Plan of Benson John Lossing . Retrieved18 March 2023 . ^ Ormrod, W. M. (2000).The Lord Lieutenants and High Sheriffs of Yorkshire, 1066-2000 ISBN 978-1-871647-74-7 . Retrieved18 March 2023 . ^ Grohmann, Johann Gottfried (1798).Neues Historisch-biographisches Handwörterbuch K - PA . Retrieved18 March 2023 . ^ Attila, Kis (1999).Een brief van Adam Francke uit 1667 ISBN 978-90-6550-177-6 . Retrieved18 March 2023 . ^ Koning, Gerrit van Enst (1836).Het Huis te Ilpendam en deszelfs voornaamste bezitters [i.e. the family de Graeff], etc . Retrieved18 March 2023 . ^ Cope, Kevin Lee; Leitz, Robert C. (2012).Textual Studies and the Enlarged Eighteenth Century: Precision as Profusion ISBN 978-1-61148-442-7 . Retrieved18 March 2023 . ^ Hoppin, Charles Arthur (1932).The Washington Ancestry, and Records of the McClain, Johnson, and Forty Other Colonial American Families: Prepared for Edward Lee McClain . Retrieved18 March 2023 . 
