January 22 – Led byHasekura Tsunenaga, Japan's trade expedition toNew Spain (now Mexico) arrives on the Mexican coast with 22 samurai, 120 Japanese merchants, sailors and servants, and 40 Spaniards and Portuguese who serve as interpreters.[1] Having reached the Americas after a voyage that began on October 28, the expedition travels toAcapulco and arrives on January 25.
February 1 – In Japan, the practice ofChristianity is banned and an edict issues for the expulsion of all foreign missionaries.[2][3]
February 2 – Iran's Safavid dynasty Emperor,Abbas the Great, carries out the execution of his oldest son, Crown PrinceMohammad Baqer Mirza, on suspicion that his son is planning to kill him.[4]
February 14 (February 4 O.S.) – KingJames I of England issues his proclamationAgainst Private Challenges and Combats in an effort to end duels.
February 20 –Matthias I, Archduke of Austria, King of Hungary, Croatia and Bohemia, and Holy Roman Emperor, directs the restoration of Roman Catholic rule toAachen, allowing the Army of Flanders (from the Spanish Netherlands) tolay siege to the German town.
March 17 – TheStates General of theRepublic of the Seven United Netherlands authorizes an exclusive monopoly for trade in theNew World, providing for the winning company to be able to make four voyages to the eastern coast of North America between 40° N and 45° N, encompassing what are now the U.S. states of New Jersey. TheNew Netherland Company receives the exclusive patent, effective January 1, 1615.
Pocahontas, the 17-year-old daughter of ChiefWahunsenacawh of thePowhatan Algonquian native tribe in what is now the U.S. state of Virginia, is forced into child marriage with English colonistJohn Rolfe atJamestown, a year after her capture in war. She is given the name of Rebecca Rolfe and departs with John Rolfe to England in 1616, dying before she can return.
The Republic of the Netherlands and the Kingdom of Sweden enter into a treaty atthe Hague.A new parliament will not be seated until more than six years later.
April 30 – TheKingdom of Lan Na (in what is now northern Thailand) is invaded by 17,000 troops commanded byKing Anaukpetlun ofBurma (nowMyanmar). Lan Na's King Thado Kyaw is unsuccessful in getting assistance from the Kingdom of Siam, and turns to theKingdom of Lan Xang (nowLaos), which provides assistance.
May 14 – An earthquake strikes the Azores islands and levels the village of Vila Franca do Campo.
July 16 – In reprisal for the attempt of "the False Dmitry", a man who claimed to be the son of Ivan the Terrible, to claim the throne,Tsar Michael I has Dmitry's 3-year-old son,Ivan Dmitriyevich, publicly hanged in Moscow.
August 24 – TheSiege of Aachen begins as the Spanish Army of Flanders, commanded by Amrogio Spinola, attacks with 15,000 troops. The 600-man defense force from Brandenburg surrenders a few days later.
Tisquantum,[9] a Native American of theWampanoag Nation, is kidnapped and enslaved by Thomas Hunt, an English sea captain working with Captain John Smith. Freed in Spain, Tisquantum (a.k.a.Squanto) will travel for five years in Europe and North America, before returning to his home in Plymouth, Massachusetts. Twenty months later, he will be able to teach the Pilgrims[10] the basics of farming and trade in the New World.
^Roland Mousnier,The Institutions of France Under the Absolute Monarchy, 1598-1789,Volume 1: Society and the State (translated by Brian Pearce) (University of Chicago Press, 1984) p.592
^Roger Chartier, "À propos des États généraux de 1614" ("About the States General of 1614"), inRevue d'histoire moderne et contemporaine (January–March, 1976) pp. 68-79
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