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1287

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Calendar year
Millennium:2nd millennium
Centuries:
Decades:
Years:
1287 by topic
Leaders
Birth and death categories
Births –Deaths
Establishments and disestablishments categories
Establishments –Disestablishments
Art and literature
1287 in poetry
1287 in variouscalendars
Gregorian calendar1287
MCCLXXXVII
Ab urbe condita2040
Armenian calendar736
ԹՎ ՉԼԶ
Assyrian calendar6037
Balinese saka calendar1208–1209
Bengali calendar693–694
Berber calendar2237
English Regnal year15 Edw. 1 – 16 Edw. 1
Buddhist calendar1831
Burmese calendar649
Byzantine calendar6795–6796
Chinese calendar丙戌年 (Fire Dog)
3984 or 3777
    — to —
丁亥年 (Fire Pig)
3985 or 3778
Coptic calendar1003–1004
Discordian calendar2453
Ethiopian calendar1279–1280
Hebrew calendar5047–5048
Hindu calendars
 -Vikram Samvat1343–1344
 -Shaka Samvat1208–1209
 -Kali Yuga4387–4388
Holocene calendar11287
Igbo calendar287–288
Iranian calendar665–666
Islamic calendar685–686
Japanese calendarKōan 10
(弘安１０年)
Javanese calendar1197–1198
Julian calendar1287
MCCLXXXVII
Korean calendar3620
Minguo calendar625 beforeROC
民前625年
Nanakshahi calendar−181
Thai solar calendar1829–1830
Tibetan calendar阳火狗年
(male Fire-Dog)
1413 or 1032 or 260
    — to —
阴火猪年
(female Fire-Pig)
1414 or 1033 or 261
KingRudolf I (middle) at theSynod of Würzburg (orDiet of Würzburg).

Year1287 (MCCLXXXVII) was acommon year starting on Wednesday of theJulian calendar.

Events

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By place

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Europe

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  • January 17 – Aragonese forces led by KingAlfonso III (the Liberal) conquer the island ofMenorca. He signs the "Treaty of San Agayz" with SultanAbû 'Umar ibn Sa'îd onJanuary 21. Alfonso accepts a policy of free trade for merchants and their property. He also concludes an alliance against the Marinids withAbu Said Uthman I, ruler of the ZayyanidKingdom of Tlemcen (modernAlgeria). He proposes to supply him with five to ten galleys (with food and other goods) in exchange for 500 elite Zayyanid horsemen.[1]
  • Alfonso III (the Liberal) is forced to make concessions to the nobility after an aristocratic uprising (called theUnion of Aragon). In particular, he grants his barons a "Bill of Rights", known as thePrivilegium Generale. This leaves a heritage of disunity and further dissent among the nobility, who increasingly see little reason to respect the throne, and brings theCrown of Aragon to the point of anarchy. Alfonso, who is not pleased with the anti-royalist movement, is forced to accept theMagna Carta (Great Charter).[2]
  • June –Rabban Bar Sauma, Chinese Nestorian monk and diplomat, travels fromConstantinople toItaly. There he arrives in Naples and witnesses a sea battle in the harbour between the Aragonese and the Angevin fleets. Bar Sauma goes toRome, but arrives too late to meet PopeHonorius IV, who recently died. He instead is engaged in negotiations with the cardinals, who are in a conclave to elect a successor, and visits theSt. Peter's Basilica. Bar Sauma goes toGenoa, where he receives a warm welcome.[3]
  • June 23 –Battle of the Counts: An Aragonese-Sicilian fleet (some 50 galleys) under AdmiralRoger of Lauria defeat a larger Angevin fleet of 70 galleys nearNaples. After afeigned retreat, Roger attacks the Angevin galleys from all sides. During the battle, which last much of the day, the Angevin fleet is scattered, leaving about 40 galleys to be captured, along with 5,000 prisoners. After the victory, without any authorization from KingJames II, Roger makes a truce with the Neapolitans (who are allies of the Angevins).
  • September – Rabban Bar Sauma arrives inParis, and is received in an audience by KingPhilip IV (the Fair). He spends one month at the royal court, during his stay, Philip himself escorts him around theSainte-Chapelle (orHoly Chapel) to see the collection ofPassion relics by late KingLouis IX (the Saint). Philip gives Bar Sauma many presents and sends one of his noblemen,Gobert de Helleville, to return with him to Mongol lands. In response, he attempts to form a military alliance withFrance andEngland.[4]
  • December 14 – A huge storm and associated storm tide in theNorth Sea andEnglish Channel, known asSt. Lucia's flood in theNetherlands, kills thousands and reshapes the coastline of the Netherlands andEngland. In the Netherlands, a fringing barrier between the North Sea and a shallow lake collapses, causing the fifth-largest flood in recorded history – which creates theZuider Zee inlet, and kills over 50,000 people. It also gives sea access toAmsterdam, allowing its development as an important port city.
  • Winter –Mongol invasion of Poland: Mongol forces (some 30,000 men) underTalabuga Khan andNogai Khan, attackPoland for the third time. The cities ofLublin,Sandomierz andSieradz are devastated by the invaders. Nogai Khan besiegesKraków and launches an unsuccessful assault on the fortified city, suffering heavy casualties in the process.

England

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  • February –South England flood: A large storm hits the south coast, this has a powerful effect on theCinque Ports, two of which are hit (Hastings andNew Romney). The storm destroys OldWinchelsea onRomney Marsh and nearbyBroomhill. The course of theRother River is diverted away from New Romney, which is almost destroyed, ending its role as a port; the Rother runs instead to the sea atRye – whose prospects as a port are enhanced. A cliff collapses at Hastings, ending its role as a trade harbor and demolishing a part ofHastings Castle. New Winchelsea is established on higher ground.[5]
  • June 8 – Welsh forces led byRhys ap Maredudd revolt inWales against KingEdward I (Longshanks). Although Maredudd has assisted the English in the past, he accuses Edward of treating him unfairly over taxes. The rebels burn several towns, includingSwansea andCarmarthen. They capture most ofYstrad Tywi, heartland ofDeheubarth (the revolt will not be suppressed until1288).
  • Summer – Edward I (Longshanks) replies to the Welsh rebellion by raising an army atGloucester commanded byEdmund of Almain. The English forces besiegeDryslwyn Castle, which lasts for three weeks before the castle falls after the curtain walls are undermined. Rhys ap Maredudd manages to escape and goes into hiding before the stronghold is finally captured in late September.
  • December – Parts ofNorfolk are flooded, the port ofDunwich inSuffolk is further devastated, and inThe Fens through the storm and the violence of the sea, the monastery ofSpalding and many churches are overthrown and destroyed: "The whole country in theparts of Holland was, for the most part, turned into a standing pool so that an intolerable multitude of men, women and children were overwhelmed with the water, especially in the town ofBoston, a great part thereof was destroyed."[6]

Middle East

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  • Spring –Arghun Khan, Mongol ruler of theIlkhanate, sends an embassy under Rabban Bar Sauma with the mission of contracting a military alliance against theMamluk Sultanate and take the city ofJerusalem. He travels with a large retinue (bearing gifts and letters) and 30 riding animals fromTabriz throughArmenia toTrebizond. Bar Sauma arrives in Constantinople and receives an audience with EmperorAndronikos II (Palaiologos).[7]
  • March – Mamluk forces under SultanQalawun (the Victorious) captureLatakia, last remnant of thePrincipality of Antioch. The city port falls easily into his hands, but the defenders retire to the citadel at the mouth of the harbour. Finally, Qalawun forces the Crusader garrison to surrender onApril 20.[8]
  • October 19 –Bohemond VII, ruler ofTripoli, dies childless. He is succeeded by his sisterLucia, who is married toCharles I of Naples' former Grand Admiral,Narjot de Toucy. But the nobles, not pleased with this decision, offer the county to Bohemond's mother, Dowager-PrincessSibylla of Armenia.[9]
  • Winter – Two unidentified 'merchants' travel fromAlexandria toCairo to warn Qalawun of the economic dangers posed by Genoese domination in the easternMediterranean, which leaves the Mamluk trade at their mercy. Qalawun accepts the invitation to intervene, and breaks the truce with Tripoli.[10]

Africa

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Asia

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By topic

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Art and Culture

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  • The Altar of St. James inPistoia Cathedral, Italy – a masterwork of thesilversmithing trade containing nearly a ton of silver – is begun; it will not be completed for nearly 200 years.

Economy

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  • The Italian city ofSiena exacts a forced loan from its taxpayers for the first time, a common feature of medieval public finance.[13]

Religion

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Births

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Deaths

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References

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  1. ^Joseph F. O'Callaghan (2011).The Gibraltar Crusade: Castile and the Battle for the Strait, p. 95.ISBN 978-08122-2302-6.
  2. ^Chaytor, Henry John (1933).A History of Aragon and Catalonia, p. 126. London: Methuen.
  3. ^Steven Runciman (1952).A History of The Crusades. Vol III: The Kingdom of Acre, p. 333.ISBN 978-0-241-29877-0.
  4. ^Steven Runciman (1952).A History of The Crusades. Vol III: The Kingdom of Acre, p. 334.ISBN 978-0-241-29877-0.
  5. ^Simons, Paul (2008).Since Records Began. London: Collins.ISBN 978-0-00-728463-4.
  6. ^Wheeler, William Henry (1896).A History of the Fens of South Lincolnshire (2nd ed.). Boston, London: J.M. Newcombe and Simpkin, Marshall & Co. p. 27.doi:10.1680/ahotfosl2e.50358., quotingStow's chronicle of 1287
  7. ^Morris Rossabi (2014).From Yuan to Modern China and Mongolia: The Writings of Morris Rossabi. BRILL. pp. 385–386.ISBN 978-90-04-28529-3.
  8. ^Steven Runciman (1952).A History of The Crusades. Vol III: The Kingdom of Acre, p. 337.ISBN 978-0-241-29877-0.
  9. ^Steven Runciman (1952).A History of The Crusades. Vol III: The Kingdom of Acre, pp. 337–338.ISBN 978-0-241-29877-0.
  10. ^Steven Runciman (1952).A History of The Crusades. Vol III: The Kingdom of Acre, p. 339.ISBN 978-0-241-29877-0.
  11. ^Meynier, Gilbert (2010).L'Algérie cœur du Maghreb classique. De l'ouverture islamo-arabe au repli (658-1518). Paris: La Découverte. p. 163.ISBN 978-2-7071-5231-2.
  12. ^Coedès, George (1968). Walter F. Vella (ed.).The Indianized States of Southeast Asia, p. 195. Translation: Susan Brown Cowing. University of Hawaii Press.ISBN 978-0-8248-0368-1.
  13. ^Munro, John H. (2003). "The Medieval Origins of the Financial Revolution".The International History Review.15 (3):506–562.
  14. ^Walter, Ingeborg (1969). "Boccamazza, Giovanni".Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani, p. 169. Volume 11:Boccadibue–Bonetti (in Italian). Rome: Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana.ISBN 978-8-81200032-6.
  15. ^Lovén, Christian. "La neige, les briques et l'architecte français. La cathédrale d'Uppsala 1272—" [Snow, bricks and a French architect. Uppsala Cathedral 1272] (in French). Academia.edu. Archived from the original on 10 November 2021. Retrieved 1 February 2025.
  16. ^Rikabi, J. (1971)."Ibn Nubāta". InLewis, B.;Ménage, V. L.;Pellat, Ch. &Schacht, J. (eds.).The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition.Volume III: H–Iram. Leiden: E. J. Brill. pp. 900–901.doi:10.1163/1573-3912_islam_SIM_3325.OCLC 495469525.
  17. ^"Honorius IV | pope".Encyclopedia Britannica. RetrievedJanuary 11, 2021.
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