Main-belt asteroid
1060 Magnolia , provisional designation1925 PA , is a stony Florianasteroid from the inner regions of theasteroid belt , approximately 7 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 13 August 1925, by German astronomerKarl Reinmuth at theHeidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory .[ 18] The asteroid was named after the flowering plantmagnolia .[ 3]
Orbit and classification [ edit ] Magnolia is a member of theFlora family (402 ),[ 4] [ 5] a giantasteroid family and the largest family of stony asteroids in the main-belt.[ 19] : 23 It orbits the Sun in theinner asteroid belt at a distance of 1.8–2.7 AU once every 3 years and 4 months (1,222 days;semi-major axis of 2.24 AU). Its orbit has aneccentricity of 0.20 and aninclination of 6° with respect to theecliptic .[ 1]
The body'sobservation arc begins at Heidelberg in September 1925, or one month after its official discovery observation.[ 18]
Physical characteristics [ edit ] Pan-STARRS ' photometric survey characterizesMagnolia as a common, stonyS-type asteroid ,[ 17] which is also the overallspectral type for members of the Flora family.[ 19] : 23
Several rotationallightcurves ofMagnolia have been obtained from photometric observations since 1992.[ 11] [ 12] [ 13] [ 14] [ 15] [ 16] The best-rated lightcurve by French amateur astronomers Jacques Michelet and Maurice Audejean gave a relatively shortrotation period of 2.9107 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.14magnitude (U=3 ).[ 4] [ 13]
Diameter and albedo [ edit ] According to the survey carried out by theNEOWISE mission of NASA'sWide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE),Magnolia measures between 5.23 and 9.65 kilometers in diameter and its surface has analbedo between 0.173 and 0.47.[ 6] [ 7] [ 8] [ 9] [ 10]
TheCollaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link adoptsPetr Pravec 's revised WISE results, that is, an albedo of 0.2839 and a diameter of 7.16 kilometers based on anabsolute magnitude of 12.71.[ 4] [ 9]
Thisminor planet was named after agenus of flowering plants,magnolia , which was in turn named afterPierre Magnol . The official naming citation was mentioned inThe Names of the Minor Planets byPaul Herget in 1955 (H 101 ).[ 3]
Due to his many discoveries,Karl Reinmuth submitted a large list of 66 newly named asteroids in the early 1930s. The list covered his discoveries with numbers between(1009) and(1200) . This list also contained a sequence of 28 asteroids, starting with1054 Forsytia , that were all named after plants, in particularflowering plants (also see list of minor planets named after animals and plants) .[ 20]
^a b c d "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1060 Magnolia (1925 PA)" (2017-11-27 last obs.).Jet Propulsion Laboratory . Retrieved10 January 2018 .^ "magnolia" .Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription orparticipating institution membership required.) ^a b c Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1060) Magnolia".Dictionary of Minor Planet Names .Springer Berlin Heidelberg . p. 91.doi :10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1061 .ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3 . ^a b c d e f "LCDB Data for (1060) Magnolia" . Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved10 January 2018 .^a b "Asteroid 1060 Magnolia – Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0" .Small Bodies Data Ferret . Retrieved26 October 2019 .^a b c d Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Kramer, E. A.; Grav, T.; et al. (September 2016)."NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year Two: Asteroid Diameters and Albedos" .The Astronomical Journal .152 (3): 12.arXiv :1606.08923 .Bibcode :2016AJ....152...63N .doi :10.3847/0004-6256/152/3/63 . ^a b Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Dailey, J.; et al. (November 2011)."Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters" .The Astrophysical Journal .741 (2): 20.arXiv :1109.4096 .Bibcode :2011ApJ...741...68M .doi :10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68 . Retrieved10 January 2018 . ^a b c d Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results".The Astrophysical Journal .741 (2): 25.arXiv :1109.6407 .Bibcode :2011ApJ...741...90M .doi :10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90 . ^a b c d e Pravec, Petr; Harris, Alan W.; Kusnirák, Peter; Galád, Adrián; Hornoch, Kamil (September 2012)."Absolute magnitudes of asteroids and a revision of asteroid albedo estimates from WISE thermal observations" .Icarus .221 (1):365– 387.Bibcode :2012Icar..221..365P .doi :10.1016/j.icarus.2012.07.026 . Retrieved10 January 2018 . ^a b c d Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C.; et al. (November 2012)."Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids" .The Astrophysical Journal Letters .759 (1): 5.arXiv :1209.5794 .Bibcode :2012ApJ...759L...8M .doi :10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8 . Retrieved10 January 2018 . ^a b c Wisniewski, W. Z.; Michalowski, T. M.; Harris, A. W.; McMillan, R. S. (March 1995)."Photoelectric Observations of 125 Asteroids" .Abstracts of the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference .26 : 1511.Bibcode :1995LPI....26.1511W . Retrieved10 January 2018 . ^a b Strabla, Luca; Quadri, Ulisse; Girelli, Robert (April 2013)."Asteroid Observed from Bassano Bresciano Observatory 2012 August-September" .The Minor Planet Bulletin .40 (2):83– 84.Bibcode :2013MPBu...40...83S .ISSN 1052-8091 . Retrieved10 January 2018 . ^a b c Behrend, Raoul."Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (1060) Magnolia" . Geneva Observatory. Retrieved10 January 2018 . ^a b Kryszczynska, A.; Colas, F.; Polinska, M.; Hirsch, R.; Ivanova, V.; Apostolovska, G.; et al. (October 2012)."Do Slivan states exist in the Flora family?. I. Photometric survey of the Flora region" .Astronomy and Astrophysics .546 : 51.Bibcode :2012A&A...546A..72K .doi :10.1051/0004-6361/201219199 . ^a b c Waszczak, Adam; Chang, Chan-Kao; Ofek, Eran O.; Laher, Russ; Masci, Frank; Levitan, David; et al. (September 2015)."Asteroid Light Curves from the Palomar Transient Factory Survey: Rotation Periods and Phase Functions from Sparse Photometry" .The Astronomical Journal .150 (3): 35.arXiv :1504.04041 .Bibcode :2015AJ....150...75W .doi :10.1088/0004-6256/150/3/75 . Retrieved10 January 2018 . ^a b Bonzo, Dimitrij; Carbognani, Albino (July 2010)."Lightcurves and Periods for Asteriods [sic] 1001 Gaussia, 1060 Magnolia, 1750 Eckert, 2888 Hodgson, and 3534 Sax" .The Minor Planet Bulletin .37 (3):93– 95.Bibcode :2010MPBu...37...93B .ISSN 1052-8091 . Retrieved10 January 2018 . ^a b c Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015)."Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results" .Icarus .261 :34– 47.arXiv :1506.00762 .Bibcode :2015Icar..261...34V .doi :10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007 . Retrieved10 January 2018 . ^a b "1060 Magnolia (1925 PA)" .Minor Planet Center . Retrieved10 January 2018 .^a b Nesvorný, D.; Broz, M.; Carruba, V. (December 2014). "Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families".Asteroids IV . pp. 297– 321.arXiv :1502.01628 .Bibcode :2015aste.book..297N .doi :10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016 .ISBN 978-0-8165-3213-1 . ^ Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1054) Forsytia".Dictionary of Minor Planet Names . Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 90.doi :10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1055 .ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3 .