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1033 Fez massacre

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Massacre of Jews by the Banu Ifran tribe
1033 Fez massacre
1033 Fez massacre is located in Morocco
1033 Fez massacre
The location of Fez, Morocco
LocationFez,Morocco
Date1033 AD
TargetMoroccan Jews
Deaths6,000+ Jews
PerpetratorsMuslimZenataBerber tribe ofBanu Ifran

The1033 Fez massacre was an event where, following their conquest of the city from theMaghrawa tribe, the forces ofAbu'l Kamal Tamim,[1] chief of theBanu Ifran tribe, perpetrated a massacre ofJews in Fez in an anti-Jewish pogrom.

The city ofFez inMorocco had been contested between theZenataBerber tribes ofMiknasa,Maghrawa and Banu Ifran for the previous half century, in the aftermath of the fall of theIdrisid dynasty.[1] In 1033, according toIbn Khaldun (d. 1406), Abu'l Kamal Tamim, the Banu Ifran chief, was lord ofSalé on theAtlantic coast, whileFez was under the control of Hammama, chief of the Maghrawa.[2]

Tamim's forces killed over six thousand Jews, appropriated their belongings, and captured the Jewish women of the city.[3][4][5][6] The killings took place in the month ofJumaada al-Akhir 424AH (May–June 1033AD).[3] The killings have been called a "pogrom" by some modern writers.[7][8]

After fleeing east toOujda and rallying the Maghrawa forces, Hammama recaptured Fez in 1037–1038, forcing Tamim to flee toSalé.[2]

See also

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References

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  1. ^abBrill, E. J. (1993).E.J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam: 1913-1936. BRILL. p. 77.ISBN 978-90-04-09789-6.
  2. ^abKhaldūn, Ibn (1856) [14th century].Histoire des Berbères et des dynasties musulmanes de l'Afrique Septentrionale (in French). Translated byBaron de Slane. Imprimerie du Gouvernement. pp. 251–252.
  3. ^abAssaleh, Abu-Mohammed (1828).Historia dos soberanos mohametanos: das primeiras quatro dysnastias e de parte da quinta, que reinarao na Mauritania. Jozé de Santo Antonio Moura (trans.). Lisbon: Academia Real das Sciencias de Lisboa. p. 117. Retrieved2011-03-30.
  4. ^Moura, Jozé de Santo Antonio (1827)."Memoria sobre as dinastias mohammetanas, que tem reinado na Mauritania, com a serie chronologica dos soberanos de cada huma dellas".Memórias de Academia das Ciências de Lisboa. Lisbon: Academia Real das Sciencias de Lisboa. pp. 47–140. Retrieved2011-03-30.
  5. ^Gilbert, Martin (1976).Jewish History Atlas (2nd ed.). Weidenfeld and Nicolson. p. 22.ISBN 9780297772590.
  6. ^Boum, Aomar; Park, Thomas K. (2016)."Maghrawa Dynasty".Historical Dictionary of Morocco. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 319.ISBN 978-1-4422-6297-3.
  7. ^Morris, Jan (1959). The Hashemite kings. Pantheon. p. 85
  8. ^Beker, Avi (1998).Jewish communities of the world. Lerner Publications. p. 203.ISBN 0-8225-1934-8.
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