_Sarema.png) Modelled shape ofSarema from itslightcurve | |
| Discovery[1] | |
|---|---|
| Discovered by | K. Reinmuth |
| Discovery site | Heidelberg Obs. |
| Discovery date | 12 January 1924 |
| Designations | |
| (1012) Sarema | |
Named after | Sarema[2] (character in opera/poem) |
| 1924 PM · 1942 VC1 1954 XL · 1954 YF A907 VQ · A907 WA A924 AD | |
| main-belt · Nysa[3] background [4] | |
| Orbital characteristics[5] | |
| Epoch 23 March 2018 (JD 2458200.5) | |
| Uncertainty parameter 0 | |
| Observation arc | 110.21yr (40,255 d) |
| Aphelion | 2.8132AU |
| Perihelion | 2.1460 AU |
| 2.4796 AU | |
| Eccentricity | 0.1345 |
| 3.90 yr (1,426 d) | |
| 45.983° | |
| 0° 15m 8.64s / day | |
| Inclination | 4.0321° |
| 73.188° | |
| 24.805° | |
| Physical characteristics | |
| 16.06±5.63 km[6] 17.228±5.264 km[7] 18.18±5.40 km[8] 20.905±0.122 km[9] 21.12±1.3 km[10] 21.13 km(derived)[3] 21.144±0.115 km[11] 22.96±0.49 km[12] | |
| 10.30708 h[13][14] 10.32 h[15] | |
| 0.0342±0.0046[11] 0.037±0.002[12] 0.0430±0.006[10] 0.0450(derived)[3] 0.049±0.003[9] 0.0634±0.0412[7] 0.07±0.04[6] 0.07±0.06[8] | |
| Tholen =F[3][5] B–V = 0.693[5] U–B = 0.189[5] | |
| 12.26[8] · 12.36[3][11] 12.41[5][6][7][10][12][15] | |
1012 Sarema (prov. designation:A924 ADor1924 PM) is a dark backgroundasteroid from the inner regions of theasteroid belt, approximately 21 kilometers (13 miles) kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 12 January 1924, by German astronomerKarl Reinmuth at theHeidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory at Heidelberg, Germany.[1] The asteroid has arotation period of 10.3 hours and probably an elongated shape.[3] It was named after Sarema, a character in the poemThe Fountain of Bakhchisaray byAleksandr Pushkin, and the protagonist of the operaSarema byAlexander von Zemlinsky based upon it.[2]
Sarema is a non-family asteroid of the main belt'sbackground population when applying thehierarchical clustering method to itsproper orbital elements.[4] Based on osculating Keplerianorbital elements, the asteroid has also been classified as a member of theNysa family (405), the largestasteroid family of the main belt, consisting of stony and carbonaceous subfamilies. The family, named after44 Nysa, is located in the inner belt near theKirkwood gap (3:1 orbital resonance with Jupiter), a depleted zone that separates the central main belt.[3]
It orbits the Sun in theinner asteroid belt at a distance of 2.1–2.8 AU once every 3 years and 11 months (1,426 days;semi-major axis of 2.48 AU). Its orbit has aneccentricity of 0.13 and aninclination of 4° with respect to theecliptic.[5]
The body'sobservation arc begins with its first observation asA907 VQ at Heidelberg in November 1907, more than 16 years prior to its official discovery observation.[1]
Thisminor planet was named after a character in a poem byAleksandr Pushkin, made into the operaSarema byAlexander von Zemlinsky. The official naming citation was mentioned inThe Names of the Minor Planets byPaul Herget in 1955 (H 97). The asteroid's name was suggested by Russian astronomer Nikolaj Komendantov(also see3958 Komendantov).[2]
In theTholen classification,Sarema is an uncommonF-type asteroid of the carbonaceousC-complex.[3][5]
In April 1983, a first rotationallightcurve ofSarema was obtained fromphotometric observations by American astronomerRichard Binzel. Lightcurve analysis gave a well-definedrotation period of 10.32 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.81magnitude (U=3), which is indicative for an elongated, non-spherical shape.[15]
In 2009 and 2011, two modeled lightcurves gave a concurring sidereal period 10.30708 hours, combining sparse and dense photometric data from the Uppsala Asteroid Photometric Catalogue and other sources. The two studies also determined twospin axis of (45.0°, 67.0°) and (253.0°, 63.0°), as well as (51.0°, 64.0°) and (254.0°, 53.0°) inecliptic coordinates (λ, β), respectively.[13][14]
According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical SatelliteIRAS, the JapaneseAkari satellite and theNEOWISE mission of NASA'sWide-field Infrared Survey Explorer,Sarema measures between 16.06 and 22.96 kilometers in diameter and its surface has analbedo between 0.0342 and 0.07.[6][7][8][9][10][11][12] TheCollaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.045 and a diameter of 21.13 kilometers based on anabsolute magnitude of 12.36.[3]
