.nz is the Internetcountry code top-level domain (ccTLD) forNew Zealand. It is administered byInternetNZ, with oversight and dispute resolution handled by its subsidiary company, the Domain Name Commission Limited (DNCL). Registrations are processed via authorised registrars. As of March 2024[update] there were 747,256 registered .nz domains.[1]
As with many long-standing domain registries, the registry was maintained informally for some time. The first formally recognised administrative organisation was theUniversity of Waikato until the responsibility was delegated to InternetNZ when it was formed in 1995.[2]
Prior to the current structure, the registry operator of .nz wasDomainz. Historically, Domainz was a subsidiary of InternetNZ which also operated as a registrar and vendor of other add-on services such asDNS. This combination of anatural monopoly (the registry activities) andvertical integration (the registrar and other services) was seen by some as restricting competition[2] so InternetNZ moved to separate the provision of registry services into a separate organisation with strong oversight. The final part of this transition process was the sale of Domainz toMelbourne IT[3] in August 2003.
From 1 April 2008 the "Office of the Domain Name Commissioner" (several employees of InternetNZ, including the Domain Name Commissioner herself) became the "Domain Name Commission Limited", a subsidiary company of InternetNZ.[4]
The Shared Registry System (SRS) was initially developed in 2002, and provided .nz registry services until November 2022. In January 2004 the source code to the SRS system was released to the public under a GPL license.[5] Since 2010 the SRS also supported the standardExtensible Provisioning Protocol (EPP).
In September 2019 InternetNZ announced their intent to replace the SRS and that the new system would not include the SRS protocol. The transition to a closed-source commercial registry product provided by theCanadian Internet Registration Authority was completed on the 1st of November, 2022.[6] This transition replaced both the public facing WHOIS service and the APIs used by registrars to interact with the registry.
On 22 July 2010, the Domain Name Commission announced that .nz domain names withmacron vowels (ā, ē, ī, ō and ū) would be available from the following week to allowMāori language words to be correctly represented in domain names.[7]
There are a number of second-level domains that identify whether the user is a company, a non-commercial organisation, government body or other classification.
In October 2013,InternetNZ decided to allow domain names to be registered at the second level in the .nz domain name space, aligning the .nz domain name space with a majority of other top level domains that already allow registrations directly at the second level.[10] The second level domain names were launched with asunrise period from 30 September 2014 to 30 March 2015 (to allow people with similar domains to register the shorter version). From 30 March 2015 .nz domain names were available to everyone.[11]
The early New Zealand second-level domains ac.nz, .co.nz and .govt.nz were based on those used in the UK. At the time it was considered desirable that the names were not in use as first-level domains, so .edu.nz, .com.nz and .gov.nz were rejected. There are also sub-level domains unique to New Zealand, such as iwi.nz forMāoriiwi and the broader maori.nz for other Māori organisations, and geek.nz for "geeks".
The following second-level domains are in use with their official descriptions. Since only some of the domains are moderated, it is possible to register outside the area intended.
.govt.nz – National, regional and local government organisations operating with statutory powers. The government registrar,DNS.govt.nz controls registration; a government portal operates atwww.govt.nz
.health.nz – Health organisations
.iwi.nz – Traditional Māoriiwi (tribes),hapū, orTaura here groups
.parliament.nz – Reserved for parliamentary agencies, offices of parliament, and parliamentary political parties and their elected members; main website operates atwww.parliament.nz
