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.gb

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Reserved Internet country-code top level domain for the United Kingdom
For Gerber files, see.GB (file extension).

.gb
Introduced24 July 1985
TLD typeCountry code top-level domain
StatusUnused (reserved)
RegistryJANET (Jisc)
Intended useEntities connected with Great Britain (theUnited Kingdom)
Actual useFallen into disuse in favour of.uk
Registration restrictionsNo registrations presently being taken
StructureGovernment sites formerly found underhmg.gb

.gb is a reservedInternetcountry codetop-level domain (ccTLD) for theUnited Kingdom, derived fromGreatBritain.

The domain was introduced with RFC 920[1] in October 1984 that set out the creation of ccTLD generally using country codes derived from the corresponding two-letter code in theISO 3166-1 list. However, the.uk domain had been created separately a few months before the compilation of this list.[2] Consequently, .gb was never widely used. It is no longer possible to register under this domain.

.gb was used for a number of years, mainly by British government organisations and commerciale-mail services usingX.400-based e-mail infrastructure. This simplified translating between DNS domains and X.400 addresses, which used "GB" as a country code.[3]

With the demise ofX.400 e-mail and IANA's general aim of one TLD per country, use of .gb declined; the domain remains in existence, but it is not currently open to new domain registrations.

As of 2024, there are at least three subdomains resolving throughDNS (although none serve a website):hermes.dra.hmg.gb,delos.dra.hmg.gb, anddfhnet.dra.hmg.gb.[4][5][6] They were originally owned by theDefence Research Agency,[7] which became theDefence Evaluation and Research Agency in 1995 and was split intoQinetiQ and theDefence Science and Technology Laboratory in 2001; the websites became defunct some time thereafter.[8]

As of November 2022[update], Central Digital and Data Office's (seeCabinet Office) intention is to informICANN early in 2023 that the UK wishes to retire .gb.[9]

References

[edit]
  1. ^J. Postel and J. Reynolds (October 1984),Request for Comments: 920, Network Working Group
  2. ^Milton Mueller (2002),Ruling the Root: Internet Governance and the Taming of Cyberspace, Cambridge, Massachusetts:MIT Press, p. 79,ISBN 9780262632980
  3. ^Crepin-Leblond, Olivier M. J. (2003)."International E-mail Accessibility". Archived fromthe original on 21 May 2008. Retrieved23 June 2008.
  4. ^"DNS lookup for hermes.dra.hmg.gb". Retrieved7 March 2016 – via Google Apps Toolbox.
  5. ^"DNS lookup for delos.dra.hmg.gb". Retrieved7 March 2016 – via Google Apps Toolbox.
  6. ^"DNS lookup for dfhnet.dra.hmg.gb". Retrieved7 March 2016 – via Google Apps Toolbox.
  7. ^Gollman, Dieter, ed. (November 1994)."A Consideration of the Modes of Operation for Secure Systems".Computer Security – ESORICS 94. Brighton:Springer-Verlag. p. 335.ISBN 978-3-540-58618-0.
  8. ^"DERA". DERA. Archived fromthe original on 17 May 2001. Retrieved26 November 2006.
  9. ^Eden, Terence (15 November 2022)."Is it time to retire the .gb top level domain?".Central Digital and Data Office Blog. UK Government. Retrieved15 November 2022.

External links

[edit]
In use
United Kingdom
Overseas territories andCrown Dependencies
Locations

A .ac.ad.ae.af.ag.ai.al.am.ao.aq.ar.as.at.au.aw.ax.az  B .ba.bb.bd.be.bf.bg.bh.bi.bj.bm.bn.bo.br.bs.bt.bw.by.bz  C .ca.cc.cd.cf.cg.ch.ci.ck.cl.cm.cn.co.cr.cu.cv.cw.cx.cy.cz  D .de.dj.dk.dm.do.dz  E .ec.ee.eg.er.es.et.eu  F .fi.fj.fk.fm.fo.fr  G .ga.gd.ge.gf.gg.gh.gi.gl.gm.gn.gp.gq.gr.gs.gt.gu.gw.gy  H .hk.hm.hn.hr.ht.hu  I .id.ie.il.im.in.io.iq.ir.is.it  J .je.jm.jo.jp  K .ke.kg.kh.ki.km.kn.kp.kr.kw.ky.kz  L .la.lb.lc.li.lk.lr.ls.lt.lu.lv.ly  M .ma.mc.md.me.mg.mh.mk.ml.mm.mn.mo.mp.mq.mr.ms.mt.mu.mv.mw.mx.my.mz  N .na.nc.ne.nf.ng.ni.nl.no.np.nr.nu.nz  O .om  P .pa.pe.pf.pg.ph.pk.pl.pm.pn.pr.ps.pt.pw.py  Q .qa  R .re.ro.rs.ru.rw  S .sa.sb.sc.sd.se.sg.sh.si.sk.sl.sm.sn.so.sr.ss.st.su.sv.sx.sy.sz  T .tc.td.tf.tg.th.tj.tk.tl.tm.tn.to.tr.tt.tv.tw.tz  U .ua.ug.uk.us.uy.uz  V .va.vc.ve.vg.vi.vn.vu  W .wf.ws  Y .ye.yt  Z .za.zm.zw

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.κπ (kp,Cyprus) -.日本 (Nippon,Japan)

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