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| Ḏāl | |
|---|---|
| Arabic | ذ |
| Phonemic representation | ð,(d,z) |
| Position in alphabet | 25 |
| Numerical value | 700 |
| Alphabetic derivatives of the Phoenician | |
| Ḏāl ذال | |
|---|---|
| ذ | |
| Usage | |
| Writing system | Arabic script |
| Type | Abjad |
| Language of origin | Arabic language |
| Sound values | |
| Alphabetical position | 9 |
| History | |
| Development | 𐤃
|
| Other | |
| Writing direction | Right-to-left |
| This article containsphonetic transcriptions in theInternational Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, seeHelp:IPA. For the distinction between[ ],/ / and ⟨ ⟩, seeIPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters. | |
Ḏāl (ذ, also transcribed asdhāl) is one of the six letters theArabic alphabet added to the twenty-two inherited from thePhoenician alphabet (the others beingṯāʾ,ḫāʾ,ḍād,ẓāʾ,ġayn). It is related to theAncient North Arabian 𐪙, andSouth Arabian𐩹.
InModern Standard Arabic it represents/ð/. In name and shape, it is a variant ofdāl (د).[1][2][dead link] Its numerical value is 700 (seeabjad numerals). The Arabic letterذ is namedذَالْḏāl. It is written in several ways depending on its position in the word:
| Position in word: | Isolated | Final | Medial | Initial |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Glyph form: (Help) | ذ | ـذ | ـذ | ذ |
TheSouth Arabian alphabet retained a symbol forḏ,
.
When representing this sound in transliteration of Arabic into Hebrew, it is written asד׳.
This sound is found in English, as in the words "those" or "then". In English the sound is sometimes rendered "dh" when transliterated from foreign languages, but when it occurs in English words it is one of the pronunciations occurring for the digraph "th".Azerbaijan is spelled withdhāl in Arabic script: أذربيجان.
In early forms of theNew Persian language and a in practice followed by its writers, who used the letter dhal (ذ) in lieu ofdal (د), in the middle of a word when the dal is preceded and followed by a vowel, or when dal was in the final position and preceded by a vowel, the letter was referred to as adotted dhal ordal-i mu'ajjam (دال معجم).[3][4]
Between and within contemporaryvarieties of Arabic, pronunciation of cognates with the letterḏāl differs:
Regardless of these regional differences, the pattern of the speaker's variety of Arabic frequently intrudes into otherwise Modern Standard speech; this is widely accepted, and is the norm when speaking themesolect known alternatively aslugha wusṭā ("middling/compromise language") orʿAmmiyyat/Dārijat al-Muṯaqqafīn ("Educated/Cultured Colloquial") used in the informal speech of educated Arabs of different countries (cf.Arabic dialect#Formal and vernacular differences).
| Proto-Semitic | Old South Arabian | Old North Arabian | Modern South Arabian1 | Standard Arabic | Aramaic | Modern Hebrew | Ge'ez | Phoenician | Akkadian | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| z | [z]/[dz] | 𐩸 | 𐪘 | /z/ | ز | /z/ | ז | z | ז | /z/ | ዘ | z | 𐤆 | z | z |
| ḏ | [ð] | 𐩹 | 𐪙 | /ð/ | ذ | /ð/ | ז,laterד | *ḏ, z, later d | |||||||
Notes
| |||||||||||||||
| Preview | ذ | |
|---|---|---|
| Unicode name | ARABIC LETTER DAL | |
| Encodings | decimal | hex |
| Unicode | 1584 | U+0630 |
| UTF-8 | 216 176 | D8 B0 |
| Numeric character reference | ذ | ذ |
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