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Fita

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(Redirected fromѲ)

Cyrillic letter

Not to be confused with Greektheta (Θ), LatinƏ, or other Cyrillic letterӨ (Oe) andSchwa (Cyrillic).

For other uses, seeFITA (disambiguation).

Fitaѳита́
Ѳ ѳ

Usage
Writing system	Cyrillic
Type	Alphabetic
Language of origin	Old Church Slavonic
Sound values	[f], [t], [θ]
In Unicode	`U+0472, U+0473`
Alphabetical position	43rd
History
Development	𐤈 Θ θ Ѳ ѳ
Time period	c. 893–present
Other
Associated numbers	9 (Cyrillic numerals)
This article containsphonetic transcriptions in theInternational Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, seeHelp:IPA. For the distinction between[ ],/ / and ⟨ ⟩, seeIPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters.

‹ ThetemplateCyrillic alphabet sidebar is beingconsidered for deletion. ›

TheCyrillic script

Slavic letters

А	А̂	А̄	Ӑ	Ӓ	Б	В	Г
Ґ	Д	Ђ	Ѓ	Е	Е̂	Е̄	Ё
Є	Ж	З	З́	Ѕ	И	І	Ї
Ꙇ	И̂	Ӣ	Й	Ӥ	Ј	К	Л
Љ	М	Н	Њ	О	О̂	О̄	Ӧ
П	Р	С	С́	Т	Ћ	Ќ	У
У̂	Ӯ	Ў	Ӱ	Ф	Х	Ц	Ч
Џ	Ш	Щ	Ꙏ	Ъ	Ы	Ь	Э
Ю	Я	ʼ	ˮ

Non-Slavic letters

А̊	А̃	Ӓ̄	Ӕ	Ә	Ә̃	Ӛ	В̌
Ԝ	Г̑	Г̇	Г̣	Г̌	Г̂	Г̆	Г̈
Г̊	Ҕ	Ғ		Ӻ	Ғ̌	Ғ̊	Ӷ
Г̡	Д́	Д̌	Д̈	Д̣	Д̆	Ӗ	Е̃
Ё̄	Є̈	Ԑ	Ԑ̈	Җ	Ӝ	Ӂ	Ж̣
Ҙ	Ӟ	З̌	З̣	З̆	Ӡ	И̃	И̇
Ҋ	Қ	Ӄ	Ҡ	Ҟ	Ҝ	К̣	К̊
Қ̊	Ԛ	ᴫ	Л́	Ӆ	Ԯ	Ԓ	Л̈
Ӎ	ᵸ	Н́	Ӊ	Ң	Ԩ	Ӈ	Ҥ
О̆	О̃	Ӧ̄	Ө	Ө̄	Ө́	Ө̆	Ӫ
Ԥ	П̈	Р̌	Ҏ	С̌	Ҫ	С̣	С̱
Т́	Т̈	Т̌	Т̇	Т̣	Ҭ	Ᲊ	У̃
У̌	Ӳ	У̊	Ӱ̄	Ұ	Ү	Ү́	Х̣
Х̱	Х̮	Х̑	Х̌	Ҳ	Ӽ	Х̊	Ӿ
Ӿ̊	Һ	Һ̈	Ԧ	Ц̌	Ц̈	Ҵ	Ҷ
Ҷ̣	Ӵ	Ӌ		Ҹ	Ч̇	Ч̣	Ҽ
Ҿ	Ш̣	ꚜ	Ы̆	Ы̄	Ӹ	ꚝ	Ҍ
Ҩ	Э̆	Э̄	Э̇	Ӭ	Ӭ́	Ӭ̄	Ю̆
Ю̈	Ю̄	Я̆	Я̄	Я̈	Ӏ

Archaic or unused letters

	А̨	Б̀	Б̣	Б̱	В̀	Г̀	Г̧
Г̄	Г̓	Г̆	Ҕ̀	Ҕ̆		Ԁ	Д̓
Д̀	Д̨		Ԃ	Ꚁ	Ꙣ	Е̇	Е̨
Ж̀	Ж̑			Ꙃ	Ꙅ		Џ̆
Ꚅ	Ꚅ̆	Ꙁ	З̀	З̑	Ԅ	Ԇ	Ꚉ
Ԫ	Ꚃ	Ꚕ			І̂	І̣	І̨
	Ј̵	Ј̃	Ꙉ	К̓	К̀	К̆	Ӄ̆
К̑	К̇	К̈	К̄	Ԟ	К̂
Л̀	Ԡ	Ꙥ	Ԉ	Л̑	Л̇	Ԕ
		М̀	М̃	Ꙧ	Н̀	Н̄	Н̧
Н̃	Ԋ	Ԣ	Н̡	Ѻ	Ꙩ	Ꙫ	Ꙭ
ꙮ	Ꚙ	Ꚛ				П̓	П̀
П́	Ҧ	П̧	П̑	Ҁ	Ԛ̆		Р́
Р̀	Р̃		Ԗ	С̀	С̈	Ԍ	Ҫ̓
	Т̓	Т̀	Ԏ	Т̑	Ꚋ	Т̧	Ꚍ
Ꚍ̆				Ѹ	Ꙋ		У̇
У̨	ꙋ́	Ф̑	Ф̓	Х́	Х̀	Х̆	Х̇
Х̧	Х̾	Х̓		һ̱	Ѡ	Ꙍ	Ѽ
Ѿ	Ꙡ	Ц̀	Ц́	Ц̓		Ꚏ	Ꚏ̆
		Ꚑ	Ч́	Ч̀	Ч̆	Ч̑	Ч̓
		Ԭ	Ꚓ	Ꚇ	Ꚇ̆	Ҽ̆	Ш̀
Ш̆	Ш̑	Щ̆	Ꚗ	Ꚗ̆		Ъ̄	Ъ̈
Ъ̈̄	Ꙑ	Ы̂	Ы̃		Ѣ	Ѣ́	Ѣ̈
Ѣ̆	Ꙓ	Э̨	Э̂	Ꙕ	Ю̂
Ꙗ	Я̈	Я̂	Я̨	Ԙ	Ѥ	Ѧ	Ꙙ
Ѫ	Ꙛ	Ѩ	Ꙝ	Ѭ	Ѯ	Ѱ	Ѳ
Ѵ	Ѷ	Ꙟ

Fita (Ѳ ѳ; italics:Ѳ ѳ) is a letter of theEarly Cyrillic alphabet. The shape and the name of the letter are derived from theGreek letter theta (Θ θ). In theISO 9 system, Ѳ is romanized usingF grave accent (F̀ f̀).^[1]

In theCyrillic numeral system, Fita has a numerical value of 9.

Shape

[edit]

In traditional (Church Slavonic) typefaces, the central line is typically about twice the width of the letter's body and has serifs similar to those on the letterТ:. Sometimes the line is drawn as low as the baseline, which makes the letter difficult to distinguish fromД.

Usage

[edit]

Old Russian and Church Slavonic

[edit]

The traditional Russian name of the letter isфита́fitá (or, in pre-1918 spelling, ѳита́). Fita was mainly used to write proper names and loanwords derived from or via Greek.Russians pronounced these names with the sound/f/ instead of/θ/ (like the pronunciation of⟨th⟩ in "thin"), for example "Theodore" was pronounced as "Feodor" (now "Fyodor").

Early texts inRussian (and in the Russian recension ofChurch Slavonic) demonstrate an increasing interchangeability of Ѳ and Ф. Some scribes preferred one of the two letters and ignored the other. There existed an orthographical system to write Ѳ in an initial position and Ф elsewhere. Since the middle of the 17th century, selection between Ѳ and Ф was re-adjusted to exactly follow the Greek origin, the system still in use in Church Slavonic orthography.

Russian

[edit]

In the first variant of the Petrine Russian alphabet (1707–1708), the letter Ф was eliminated and Fita became the only way to represent/f/. Later (1710) the letter Ф (with the same etymological rule of spelling Ѳ and Ф) was restored and both letters co-existed until the1918 spelling reform, when Fita was eliminated and replaced by the letterEf (Ф ф).

Many Greek words with Theta were adopted in Russian withTe (Т т) instead of Fita (mostly through Latin or other Western European languages): теорема (theorem), атлетъ (athlete), пантера (panther), фталевый (phthalic), etc. Sometimes dual spellings/pronunciations existed: ѳеатръ/театръ (theatre), аѳеизмъ/атеизмъ (atheism), алгориѳмъ/алгоритмъ (algorithm), каѳолическій/католическій (Catholic), etc.; the variants with Fita (in modern spelling with Ф) are typically more archaic or special.

Other languages

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In other languages which use the Cyrillic alphabet, Fita was pronounced/t/ and was replaced withTe (Т т). For example, the Bulgarian, Macedonian and Serbian version of Theodore is ТодорTodor or ТеодорTeodor.^{[citation needed]}

Romanian

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Calledthita,⟨Ѳ⟩ is part of theRomanian Cyrillic alphabet, which was used until about 1860.

Aleut

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Fita was used in the first Cyrillic version of theAleut alphabet, typically in loanwords.

Related letters and other similar characters

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Θ θ/ϑ :Greek letter Theta
Ө ө :Cyrillic letter Oe, currently used in theKazakh,Kyrgyz,Tuvan, andMongolian languages

Computing codes

[edit]

Character information
Preview	Ѳ		ѳ
Unicode name	CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER FITA		CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER FITA
Encodings	decimal	hex	dec	hex
Unicode	1138	U+0472	1139	U+0473
UTF-8	209 178	D1 B2	209 179	D1 B3
Numeric character reference	Ѳ	Ѳ	ѳ	ѳ