You can helpexpand this article with text translated fromthe corresponding article in French. (January 2019)Click [show] for important translation instructions. View a machine-translated version of the French article. Machine translation, likeDeepL orGoogle Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. Youmust providecopyright attribution in theedit summary accompanying your translation by providing aninterlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary isContent in this edit is translated from the existing French Wikipedia article at [[:fr:Ligne 5 du tramway d'Île-de-France]]; see its history for attribution. You may also add the template{{Translated|fr|Ligne 5 du tramway d'Île-de-France}} to thetalk page. For more guidance, seeWikipedia:Translation.

Île-de-France tramway Line 5
Île-de-France tramway Line 5 at the Marché de Saint-Denis terminal
Overview
Owner	Île-de-France Mobilités
Termini	Garges–Sarcelles Marché de Saint-Denis
Stations	16
Service
Type	Tram
System	Tramways in Île-de-France
Operator(s)	RATP Group
Rolling stock	17Translohr STE3
Ridership	Approx. 9 million per year
History
Opened	29 July 2013 (2013-07-29)
Technical
Line length	6.6 km (4.1 mi)
Electrification	Overhead line, 750 V DC
Route map Show static map Legend Garges–Sarcelles Lochères Paul Valéry Les Flanades Les Cholettes Butte Pinson (Parc Régional) Jacques Prévert Alcide d’Orbigny Mairie de Pierrefitte Suzanne Valadon Joncherolles Petit Pierrefitte Guynemer (Stade Auguste Delaune) Roger Sémat Baudelaire Marché de Saint-Denis All stops are accessible This diagram: view talk edit Show diagram map

Île-de-France tramway Line 5 (usually called simplyT5) is part of the moderntram network of theÎle-de-France region ofFrance. Line T5 connectsGarges–Sarcelles station and the centre ofSaint-Denis (Marché de Saint-Denis) and , in the northern suburbs ofParis. Line T5 was Île-de-France's firstrubber-tyred tramway line. The line has a length of 6.6 km (4.1 mi) and 16 stations. It opened to the public on 29 July 2013.

First envisioned during the 1990s as a means of providing better public transportation throughParis's northern suburbs, particularly the expanding districts ofPierrefitte-sur-Seine andLochères inSarcelles, actual planning activity for the line started during 1999. During February 2005, the defined Line 5 project was publicly announced by theSyndicat des Transports (STIF). Transit operatorRATP was appointed as the principal contractor for performing the construction of the new line. During the latter part of 2009, work commenced upon Line 5's civil engineering works; construction commenced upon the track infrastructure and stations almost one year later.

The line is operated by theRATP Group under contract withÎle-de-France Mobilités.

Line T5 was designed with the stated aim of providing superior public transportation services in the northern suburbs ofParis,France, specifically the two neighborhoods ofPierrefitte-sur-Seine andLochères inSarcelles, which have been identified as possessing an expanding population during the years running up to the turn of the century.^[1] It was built to serve in excess of 86,000 neighbouring residents spread across five different communities, these beingSaint-Denis, Pierrefitte-sur-Seine, Sarcelles,Garges-les-Gonesse andMontmagny. Key interchanges include St.Denis Market on theLine T1, Saint-Denis Basilica onMetro line 13 and at Garges-Sarcelles onRéseau Express Régional (RER)Line D.^[1]

Notably, Line 5 is unlike any previous tramways in the region in that it was designed to be arubber-tyred tramway; as such, the completed line holds the distinction of being the first tyre-based tramway to be established in the Île-de-France region.^[1] Between 1999 and 2004, planning and surveying of the intended line was performed while the project was quietly defined by planning authorities. During February 2005, the Line 5 project was publicly announced by theSyndicat des Transports (STIF), the transport authority for the IIe-de-France region.^[1]

During November 2006, STIF issued its approval of the route's preliminary draft.^[1] During the first half of 2007, it was announced that an agreement concerning financing had been signed between the project's majorstakeholders. Transit operatorRATP became the principal contractor for the Line 5's construction, which included multiple stations and a maintenance depot.^[1] The regional councils of Val d’Oise and Seine-Saint-Denis were assigned responsibility for the civil works relating to the highway and associated public spaces. STIF served in a project management capacity on the construction phase, coordinating between the different parties involved.^[1]

During January 2008, work commenced upon preliminary construction of Line 5; during this phase, it was necessary to relocate numerous residents, pedestrian footpaths and bus stops along the route ahead of the actual construction activity.^[1] This displacement and relocation was supported by a one-off investment of €40.23 million, which was contributed by the regional council of Seine-Saint-Denis. Displacement work stated that same month in Valley d’ Oise; by January 2009, the process had reportedly reached the vicinity of Seine-Saint-Denis.^[1]

During the final months of 2009, civil engineering works commenced simultaneously in the Val d’Oise and Seine-Saint-Denis districts.^[1] In the latter half of 2010, work began on the construction of the tracks, platforms and the maintenance depot for Line 5. On 29 July 2013, the completed tramway was officially opened for revenue services.^[2][1]

Reportedly, Line 5 had been constructed at an estimated cost of €163.13 million.^[1] It is both owned and financed by STIF, who hold a 71.5 per stake in Line 5; the remaining minority stakes are owned by the State Region of France (17.2 per cent), the regional council of Val d’Oise (10 per cent) and RAPT (1.3 per cent). RATP is the body responsible for the line's operations, and has invested a total of €52 million on the procurement of its rolling stock.^[1][3]

The T5 is operated by a fleet ofTranslohr STE3 rubber-wheeled trams.^[1] During 2007, a contract for the delivery of 15 trams was awarded toLohr Industries. The STE3 is a three-carriage tram vehicle; with a length of 25 metres, it provides sufficient capacity for the boarding of up to 127 passengers at a time. The trams are fitted with a relatively low floor, easing the boarding process for passengers, particularly those who havereduced mobility.^[1] Typically, each tram traverses the entire route within the space of 22 minutes, during which it normally achieves an average speed of 18 km/h (11 mph).^[1]

The tram vehicle possesses a relatively small axial radius of 10.5 metres, which is a favourable quality for the T5 line, which has been considered to be somewhat curvy and have sharp bends present along its route.^[1] For more consistent stopping distances, they are equipped with ananti-lock braking system (ABS) system. According to the rolling stock manufacturerAlstom, the Translohr tramway system combines the benefits of a guided system with those of tyre-based vehicles, including increased brake performance due to the greater adhesion oftyres, lower noise levels and favourable gradient performance.^[4] The Translohr tram system, as used on Line 5, is also used on Line 6, which was planned and built around the same time period.^[5]

• 
  T5 tramway at Les Cholettes station
• 
  The SIEL system at work at Garges-Sarcelles.

• List of rubber-tyred tram systems

• Summary page of the T5 Line - newtl.com
• Maps of the Parisian tram network

48°58′50″N2°22′09″E / 48.9806°N 2.3692°E /48.9806; 2.3692

• Tramways in Paris
• Tram lines in Île-de-France
• Railway lines opened in 2013

• Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas
• Articles with short description
• Short description is different from Wikidata
• Transport articles needing translation from French Wikipedia
• Use dmy dates from August 2014
• Pages with no gauge entered in Infobox rail line
• Coordinates on Wikidata