sy

See also:Appendix:Variations of "sy"

Afrikaans

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Pronunciation

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IPA^(key):/səi/

Etymology 1

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FromDutchzij, fromMiddle Dutchsi.

Pronoun

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sy (objecthaar,possessivehaar)

she (subject)

Alternative forms

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sij(obsolete)

Afrikaans personal pronouns
		subjective	objective	possessive determiner	possessive pronoun
singular	1st	ek	my	myne
2nd	jy	jou	joune
2nd, formal	u	u s’n
3rd	masc	hy	hom	sy	syne
fem	sy	haar	hare
neut	dit	sy	syne
plural	1st	ons	ons s’n
2nd	julle /jul¹	julle s’n
3rd	hulle /hul¹	hulle s’n

sij(obsolete)
sijn(obsolete)
syn(obsolete)

Afrikaans personal pronouns
		subjective	objective	possessive determiner	possessive pronoun
singular	1st	ek	my	myne
2nd	jy	jou	joune
2nd, formal	u	u s’n
3rd	masc	hy	hom	sy	syne
fem	sy	haar	hare
neut	dit	sy	syne
plural	1st	ons	ons s’n
2nd	julle /jul¹	julle s’n
3rd	hulle /hul¹	hulle s’n

Etymology 3

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FromDutchzijde,zij, fromMiddle Dutchside, fromOld Dutch*sīda, fromProto-Germanic*sīdǭ.

Noun

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sy (pluralsye)

side

Etymology 4

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FromDutchzijde,zij, fromMiddle Dutchside, fromOld Dutch*sīda, fromLatinsēda.

Noun

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sy (uncountable)

silk

Etymology 5

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Verb

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present subjunctive ofwees

Albanian

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Alternative forms

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sŷ(Gheg)^[1]
saj[saj](Northeastern Gheg)^[2]

Etymology

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FromProto-Albanian*asī, fromProto-Indo-European*h₃ókʷih₁ (dual), from singular*h₃okʷ- (compareLithuanianaki̇̀s,Ancient Greekὄσσε(ósse,“eyes”),Englisheye).

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key):/sy/

Noun

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sy m (pluralsy,definitesyri,definite pluralsytë)

(anatomy)eye

Declension

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Declension ofsy
	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	sy	syri	sy	sytë
accusative	sy	syrin	sy	sytë
dative	syri	syrit	syve	syve
ablative	syri	syrit	sysh	syve

Derived terms

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References

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^Mann,S. E. (1948) “sŷ”, inAn Historical Albanian–English Dictionary, London: Longmans, Green & Co., page170a
^“Dil te kroni cuco” (“Go out to the fountain my young lady”), 00m45s, bySinan Vllasaliu (Kosovo-Albanian known singer, fromPrishtina).

Danish

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Etymology

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FromOld Norsesýja, fromProto-Germanic*siwjaną, cognate withSwedishsy,Englishsew. The verb goes back toProto-Indo-European*syuh₁-(“to sew”), which is also the source ofLatinsuō,Sanskritसीव्यति(sī́vyati),Lithuaniansiū́ti.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key):/syː/,[syːˀ]
Homophone:syg

Verb

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sy (present tensesyrorsyer,pastsyede,past participlesyet)

Conjugation

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Conjugation ofsy

	active	passive
present	syr orsyer	sys orsyes
past	syede	syedes
infinitive	sy	sys orsyes
imperative	sy	—

	participle
present	syende
past	syet (auxiliary verbhave)
gerund	syen

Derived terms

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References

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“sy” inDen Danske Ordbog

Egyptian

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Romanization

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Alternative transliteration ofzy.

Guaraní

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Etymology

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Inherited fromProto-Tupi-Guarani*t͡ʃɨ, fromProto-Tupian*tɨ.

Cognate withMbyá Guaraníxy andOld Tupisy

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key):/sɨ/

(Paraguayan Guarani, Eastern Guarani, Southwestern Guarani)IPA^(key):[sɨˠ],[sɯ].
Rhymes:-ɨ

Noun

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sy (pluralsykuéra)

mother,mom
Chesy sa'y ohayhuvéva ha'e hovy.
Mymother's favorite colour is blue.

Indonesian

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Pronoun

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(text messaging)Abbreviation ofsaya.
Synonyms:gw,w

Lower Sorbian

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Etymology

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FromProto-Slavic*esi.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key):[sɨ]

Verb

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second-person singular present ofbyś

Malay

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Pronoun

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(informal,text messaging,Internet slang)Abbreviation ofsaya(“I”).

Middle English

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Noun

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Alternative form ofsiȝe

Norwegian Bokmål

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Etymology

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FromOld Norsesýja.

Verb

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sy (imperativesy,present tensesyr,simple pastsydde,past participlesydd)

tosew
tostitch

Derived terms

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References

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“sy” inThe Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

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Etymology 1

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FromOld Norsesýja, fromProto-Germanic*siwjaną.

Verb

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sy (present tensesyr,past tensesydde,past participlesytt/sydd,passive infinitivesyast,present participlesyande,imperativesy)

(transitive) tosew
(transitive,ergative) tostitch

Derived terms

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Related terms

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saum m

Etymology 2

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Short form ofsyde.

Verb

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sy (present tensesyd,past tensesaud,supinesodi)

(pre-1959)alternative form ofsyde

References

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“sy” inThe Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old English

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Pronunciation

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IPA^(key):/syː/

Verb

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sȳ

Alternative form ofsīe

Old Tupi

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited fromProto-Tupi-Guarani*t͡ʃɨ, fromProto-Tupian*tɨ.^[1]

Cognate withMbyá Guaraníxy andGuaranísy

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key):/ˈsɨ/
Rhymes:-ɨ
Hyphenation:sy

Noun

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sy (possessable)

mother (one's femaleparent)
Synonym:a'i
Hyponym:a'ysy
(figurative)origin;beginning

Synonyms

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mãîa

Derived terms

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Adjective

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sy (noun formsy)

motherful(having a mother)

Declension

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Declension ofsy (S-starting, oral vowel ending) (SeeAppendix:Old Tupi adjectives)

Note: not all forms are attested, most of the table is reconstructed based on known patterns.

Deadjectivals
Causative	mondy
-ba'e	i xyba'e
-sab(a)	sŷaba /sysaba
	Singular		Singular & Plural	Plural
	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person exclusive	1^st person inclusive	2^nd person
Adjectival forms
Active
Indicative	xe sy	nde sy	i xy	oré sy	îandé sy	pe sy
Imperative		nde sy				pe sy
Permissive	ta xe sy	ta nde sy	t'i xy	t'oré sy	t'îandé sy	ta pe sy
Negative indicative	na xe syî	na nde syî	n'i xyî	n'oré syî	n'îandé syî	na pe syî
Negative imperative		nde sy umẽ				pe sy umẽ
Negative permissive	ta xe sy umẽ	ta nde sy umẽ	t'i xy umẽ	t'oré sy umẽ	t'îandé sy umẽ	ta pe sy umẽ
Gerund
Affirmative	xe syramo	nde syramo	o syramo	oré syramo	îandé syramo	pe syramo
Negative	xe sye'ymamo	nde sye'ymamo	o sye'ymamo	oré sye'ymamo	îandé sye'ymamo	pe sye'ymamo
Nominal forms
Infinitive
Affirmative	sy
Negative	sye'yma
Circumstantial
Affirmative	same as gerund¹
Affirmative	xe syû²		i xyû²	oré syû²	îandé syû²
Negative	same as gerund¹
Negative	xe sye'ymi²		i xye'ymi²	oré sye'ymi²	îandé sye'ymi²
¹South Tupi ²North Tupi

References

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^Andrey Nikulin (2020)Proto-Macro-Jê: um estudo reconstrutivo (in Portuguese), Brasília: UnB,page569

Antônio Lemos Barbosa (1956)Curso de tupi antigo: gramática, exercícios, textos [Course of Old Tupi: Grammar, Exercises, Texts]‎^[1] (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Livraria São José
Eduardo de Almeida Navarro (2013) “sy”, inDicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil [Dictionary of Old Tupi: The Classical Indigenous Language of Brazil] (overall work in Portuguese), São Paulo: Global,→ISBN,page450, column 1

Portuguese

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Pronoun

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Obsolete spelling ofsi.

Swedish

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Etymology

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FromOld Norsesýja.

Pronunciation

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Audio: (file)

Verb

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sy (presentsyr,preteritesydde,supinesytt,imperativesy)

tosew

Conjugation

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Conjugation ofsy (weak)
	active		passive
infinitive	sy		sys
supine	sytt		sytts
imperative	sy		—
imper. plural¹	syn		—
	present	past	present	past
indicative	syr	sydde	sys	syddes
ind. plural¹	sy	sydde	sys	syddes
subjunctive²	sy	sydde	sys	syddes

present participle		syende
past participle		sydd

¹ Archaic.² Dated. Seethe appendix on Swedish verbs.

Derived terms

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Related terms

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Upper Sorbian

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Pronunciation

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IPA^(key):/ˈsɨ/
Rhymes:-ɨ
Syllabification:sy

Verb

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second-person singular present ofbyć
Tysy rjany.
Youare beautiful.

Welsh

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Pronunciation

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(North Wales)IPA^(key):/sɨː/
(South Wales)IPA^(key):/siː/
Rhymes:-ɨː

Verb

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sy (not mutable)

Alternative form ofsydd

West Frisian

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Pronunciation

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(Clay)IPA^(key):/sɛi̯/
(Wood)IPA^(key):/si/
(unstressed)IPA^(key):/sə/

Etymology 1

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Ultimately fromProto-Germanic*iz and*hiz. For the sibilant onset, compare otherWest Germanic cognates (Dutchzij,GermanSie, and possiblyEnglishshe).^[1]

Pronoun

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she(third-person singular feminine pronoun)
Synonym:hja
Sy die.
She did.

Inflection

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West Frisian personal pronouns and possessives
			personal			possessive
			subject case	object case		determiner	pronoun
			subject case	normal	reflexive	determiner	pronoun
singular	1st		ik	my	mysels	myn	mines
	2nd	informal	do,dû¹	dy	dysels	dyn	dines
	2nd	formal	jo	jo	josels	jo	jowes
	3rd	m	hy	him	himsels	syn	sines
		f	sy,hja¹	har	harsels	har	harres
		n	it	it	himsels	syn	sines
plural	1st		wy	ús	ússels	ús	uzes
	2nd		jim(me)	jim(me)	jimsels,jinsels	jim(me)	jimmes
	3rd		sy,hja¹	har(ren)	harsels	har(ren)	harres

¹ Now mostly archaic and unused.

References

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^https://gtb.ivdnt.org/iWDB/search?wdb=WFT&actie=article&id=86241

Etymology 2

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(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Pronoun

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they(third-person plural pronoun)
Synonym:hja
Sy dienen.
They did.

Inflection

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West Frisian personal pronouns and possessives
			personal			possessive
			subject case	object case		determiner	pronoun
			subject case	normal	reflexive	determiner	pronoun
singular	1st		ik	my	mysels	myn	mines
	2nd	informal	do,dû¹	dy	dysels	dyn	dines
	2nd	formal	jo	jo	josels	jo	jowes
	3rd	m	hy	him	himsels	syn	sines
		f	sy,hja¹	har	harsels	har	harres
		n	it	it	himsels	syn	sines
plural	1st		wy	ús	ússels	ús	uzes
	2nd		jim(me)	jim(me)	jimsels,jinsels	jim(me)	jimmes
	3rd		sy,hja¹	har(ren)	harsels	har(ren)	harres

¹ Now mostly archaic and unused.

Movatterモバイル変換

sy

Afrikaans

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Pronoun

Alternative forms

See also

Etymology 2

Determiner

Alternative forms

See also

Etymology 3

Noun

Etymology 4

Noun

Etymology 5

Verb

Albanian

Alternative forms

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Derived terms

References

Danish

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Derived terms

References

Egyptian

Romanization

Guaraní

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Indonesian

Pronoun

Lower Sorbian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Malay

Pronoun

Middle English

Noun

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

Verb

Derived terms

References

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

Verb

Derived terms

Related terms

Etymology 2

Verb

References

Old English

Pronunciation

Verb

Old Tupi

Alternative forms

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Synonyms

Derived terms

Adjective

Declension

References

Portuguese

Pronoun

Swedish

Etymology

Pronunciation