• stile(obsolete)

The noun is derived fromMiddle Englishstile,stel,stele,stiel,stiele,stil,still,stille,styele,style,styill,styll,styyl(“writing tool, stylus; piece of written work; characteristic mode of expression, particularly one regarded as high quality; demeanour, manner, way of life; person's designation or title; stem of a plant; period of time”),^[1] fromOld Frenchstyle,estile,stil,stile (modernFrenchstyle), or fromMedieval Latinstylus, both fromLatinstilus(“pointed instrument, pale, spike, stake; writing tool, stylus; act of setting down in writing, composition; characteristic mode of expression, style; stem of a plant”), fromProto-Indo-European*(s)teyg-(“to be sharp; to pierce, prick, puncture, stab; to goad”).^[2][3]Doublet ofstylus.

The English word is cognate withCatalanestil(“engraving tool, stylus; gnomon; manner of doing something, style; fashionable skill, grace”),GermanStiel(“handle; stalk”),Italianstilo(“needle, stylus; fountain pen; beam; gnomon; part of pistil, style”),Occitanestil,Portugueseestilo(“writing tool, stylus; manner of doing something, style”),Spanishestilo(“writing tool, stylus; manner of doing something, style; fashionable skill, grace; part of pistil, style”).^[2]

The verb is derived from the noun.^[4]

• (Received Pronunciation,General American)enPR:stīl,IPA^(key):/staɪl/

• Audio(General American):

  (file)

• Homophones:stile,Styal
• Rhymes:-aɪl

style (countable anduncountable,pluralstyles)

1. Senses relating to a thin, pointed object.
   1. (historical) Asharpstick used forwriting onclaytablets or othersurfaces; astylus;(by extension,obsolete) aninstrument used to write withink; apen.
      • 1700,[John] Dryden, “Palamon and Arcite: Or, The Knight’s Tale. In Three Books.”, inFables Ancient and Modern; […], London:[…]Jacob Tonson, […],→OCLC, book II,page26:

        Thus while his Thoughts the lingring Day beguile, / To gentleArcite let us turn ourStyle; [...]

   2. Atool with a sharppoint used inengraving; aburin, agraver, astylet, a stylus.
      • 1821,James Townley, chapter I, inIllustrations of Biblical Literature, Exhibiting the History and Fate of the Sacred Writings, from the Earliest Period to the Present Century; […], volume I, London: Printed[by B. Crompton] forLongman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, […],→OCLC, part I (From the Giving of the Law to the Birth of Christ),page27:

        FromJob xix. 24. it appears to have been usual in his day, to write or engrave upon Plates ofLead, which might easily be done with aPen, orGraver, orStyle of Iron, or other hard metal.

   3. Thegnomon orpin of asundial, theshadow of whichindicates thehour.
      • 1697,Joseph Moxon, “Operat[ioni] II. To Describe a Dyal upon a Horizontal Plane.”, inMechanick Dyalling: Teaching any Man, though of an Ordinary Capacity and Unlearned in Mathematicks, to Draw a True Sun-dial on any Given Plane, […], 3rd edition, London: Printed for James Moxon, […],→OCLC,page17:

        Laſt of all fit a Triangular Iron, whoſe angular point being laid to the Center of theDyal Plane, one ſide muſt agree with theSubſtilar Line, and its other ſide with theStilar Line; ſo is theStile made. And thisStile you muſt erect perpendicularly over theSubſtilar Line on theDyal Plane, and there fix it. Then is yourDyal finiſhed.

   4. (botany) Thestalk thatconnects thestigma(s) to theovary in apistil of aflower.

      Synonym:stylet

      • 1751,John Hill,A General Natural History: Or, New and Accurate Descriptions of the Animals, Vegetables, and Minerals of the Different Parts of the World; […], London: Printed forThomas Osborne, […],→OCLC,page268:

        The calyx of Theophraſta is a ſmall, permanent perianthium, divided into five obtuſe ſegments, making obtuſe angles alſo with one another: [...] theſtyle is ſubulated, and ſhorter than the corolla: the ſtigma is acute.

   5. (surgery) A kind ofsurgical instrument with ablunt point, used forexploration.

      Synonym:stylet

   6. (zoology) A small,thin,pointedbody part.

      Synonym:stylet

      1. (entomology) Along,slender,bristle-likeprocess near theanalregion.

         the analstyles of insects

2. (by extension from sense 1.1) A particularmanner ofexpression in writing orspeech, especially one regarded asgood.
   • 1678,John Bunyan, “The Author’s Apology for His Book”, inThe Pilgrim’s Progress from This World, to That which is to Come: […], London:[…] Nath[aniel] Ponder […],→OCLC:

     May I not vvrite in such aſtile as this? / In ſuch a method too, and yet not miſs / Mine end, thy good? vvhy may it not be done?

   • 1752 January 21 (indicated as1751Old Style),Philip Dormer Stanhope, Earl of Chesterfield, “Letter CCVIII”, inLetters Written by the Late Right Honourable Philip Dormer Stanhope, Earl of Chesterfield, to His Son,Philip Stanhope, Esq;[…] In Four Volumes, 6th edition, volume III, London: Published by Mrs. Eugenia Stanhope, […]; printed forJ[ames] Dodsley, […], published1775,→OCLC,page113:

     ReadLord Bolingbroke's [book] with great attention, as well as to theſtyle as to the matter. I wiſh you could form yourſelf ſuch aſtyle in every language.Style is the dreſs of thoughts, and a well-dreſſed thought, like a well-dreſſed man, appears to great advantage.

   • 1790,Conyers Middleton, “To the Right HonorableJohn Lord Hervey, Lord Keeper of His Majesty’s Privy Seal”, inThe History of the Life of M. Tullius Cicero, new edition, volume I, Basel: Printed for J. J. Tourneisen[i.e., Johann Jakob Thurneysen]; and J. L. Legrand,→OCLC,page iii:

     The public will naturally expect, that in chuſing a Patron forthe Life ofCicero, I should addreſs myſelf to ſome perſon of illuſtrious rank, diſtinguished by his parts and eloquence, and bearing a principal share in the great affairs of the Nation; who, according to the uſualſtyle of Dedications, might be the proper ſubject of a compariſon with the Hero of my piece.

   • 1806 February,Isaac D’Israeli, “Remarks on Style”, inThe Literary Magazine, and American Register, volume V, number XXIX, Philadelphia, Pa.: Published by J[ohn] Conrad & Co.[et al.],→OCLC,page105, column 1:

     After all, it isstyle alone by which posterity will judge of a great work, for an author can have nothing truly his own but hisstyle; facts, scientific discoveries, and every kind of information, may be seized by all; but an author's diction cannot be taken from him.

   • 1995, “Perspectives”, inHenning Bergenholtz, Sven Tarp, editors,Manual of Specialised Lexicography: The Preparation of Specialised Dictionaries (Benjamins Translation Library;12), Amsterdam, Philadelphia, Pa.:John Benjamins Publishing Company,→ISBN,→ISSN,page236:

     Methods for more "intelligent" spellchecking as well as for automatic checking of grammar andstyle are on the way, but they will require the support of electronic dictionaries.

   2. Alegal ortraditionalterm orformula ofwords used toaddress orrefer to a person, especially amonarch or a personholding apost or having atitle.

      Near-synonyms:term of address,form of address,title

      Monarchs are often addressed with thestyle of Majesty.

      The villagers styled him asmy Liege, and thisstyle, once established, was seldom forgone.

      • 1683,Joseph Moxon, “§ 25. The Office of the Warehouse-keeper.[(As an Appendix.) Ancient Customs Used in a Printing-house.]”, inMechanick Exercises: Or, The Doctrine of Handy-books. Applied to the Art of Printing, volume II, London: Printed for Joseph Moxon […],→OCLC, number XXII,page356:

        EveryPrinting-houſe is by the Cuſtom of Time out of mind, called aChappel; and all the Workmen that belong to it areMembers of the Chappel: and the Oldeſt Freeman is theFather of the Chappel. I ſuppoſe theſtile was originally conferred upon it by the courteſie of ſome great Churchman, or men, (doubtleſs when Chappels were in more veneration than of late years they have been here inEngland) who for the Books of Divinity that proceeded from aPrinting-houſe, gave it the Reverend Title ofChappel.

      • 1796,Edmund Burke,A Letter from the Right Honourable Edmund Burke to a Noble Lord [William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam], on the Attacks Made upon Him and His Pension, in the House of Lords, by theDuke of Bedford and theEarl of Lauderdale, Early in the Present Sessions of Parliament, London: Printed for J. Owen, […], andF[rancis] and C[harles] Rivington, […],→OCLC,page10:

        Oneſtyle to a gracious benefactor, another to a proud, inſulting foe.

      • 1821 May 26, “Annals of the Coinage of Britain and Its Dependencies, from the Earliest Period of Authentic History to the End of the Fiftieth Year of the Reign of His Majesty King George III. By the Rev.Rogers Ruding, […] The Second Edition, Corrected, Enlarged, and Continued to the Close of the Year 1818. 5 vols. 8vo. With a 4to. vol. of Plates. London, 1819.[book review]”, inThe Literary Chronicle and Weekly Review; […], volume III, number106, London: Printed by Davidson, […], published by[John] Limbird, […], sold also by Souter[et al.],→OCLC,page327:

        During the whole of the reign ofGeorge I., the money was of the same species and value as that ofQueen Anne, but to hisstyle upon the reverse, were added his German titles, withFidei Defensor [Defender of the Faith], which then, for the first time, appeared upon the coins, although it had been constantly used in thestyle of our monarchs fromHenry VIII., on whom it was conferred byPope Leo X., in the year 1521.

3. A particular manner ofcreating,doing, orpresenting something, especially a work ofarchitecture orart.
   • 1825,Joshua Reynolds, “Discourse IV. Delivered at the Royal Academy.”, inDiscourses on Painting and the Fine Arts, Delivered at the Royal Academy, London: Printed for Jones and Co., […],→OCLC,page23, column 1:

     [T]here are two distinctstyles in history painting; the grand, and the splendid or ornamental. The greatstyle stands alone, and does not require, perhaps does not so well admit, any addition from inferior beauties. The ornamentalstyle also possesses its own peculiar merit. However, though the union of the two may make a sort of compositestyle, yet thatstyle is likely to be more imperfect than either of those which goes to its composition.

   • 1843,Allan Cunningham, chapter XI, inThe Life of SirDavid Wilkie;[…] In Three Volumes, volume II, London:John Murray, […],→OCLC,page472:

     To our English tastes it is unnecessary to advocate thestyle of[Diego] Velazquez. [...] SirJoshua [Reynolds],[George] Romney, and[Henry] Raeburn, whether from imitation or instinct, seem powerfully imbued with hisstyle, and some of our own time, even to our landscape painters, seem to possess the same affinity.

   • 1863 April 4, “Italian Architecture and Its Various European Offshoots”, inGeorge Godwin, editor,The Builder. An Illustrated Weekly Magazine for the Architect, Engineer, Archæologist, Constructor, & Art-lover, volume XXI, number1052, London: Publishing office, York Street,Covent Garden, W.C. [printed by Cox and Wyman],→OCLC,page239, column 1:

     Thisstyle was sometimes called Palladian from the fact of[Andrea] Palladio having fully developed and absorbed into his own system thestyles of his great predecessors of the [Florentine] school, [...]

   • 2004,Ethan Mordden, “Big Deals”, inThe Happiest Corpse I’ve Ever Seen: The Last Twenty-Five Years of the Broadway Musical, New York, N.Y.:St. Martin’s Press,→ISBN,page108:

     Hisstyle is slow-build rave-up soul; the music, not the lyrics, relates the message.

   1. A particular manner ofacting orbehaving;(specifically) one regarded asfashionable orskilful;flair,grace.

      As a dancer, he has a lot ofstyle.

      Backstabbing people is not mystyle.

      • 2015, Zachary Brown,The Darkside War (The Icarus Corps; book 1), London, New York, N.Y.:Saga Press,→ISBN,pages197–198:

        Running would feel better than hiding and waiting. It was not herstyle to hole up in the shadows.

   2. A particular way in which onegrooms,adorns,dresses, orcarries oneself;(specifically) a way thought to beattractive or fashionable.
   3. (computing) Avisual or othermodification totext or otherelements of adocument, such asboldface oritalics.

      applyingstyles to text in a wordprocessor  CascadingStyle Sheets

      • 2001, Dee L. Fabry, Sally A. Seier, “Speaking, Technology, Analysis, and Reading through Research”, inOpening Doors to Reading: Building School-to-work Skills, Englewood, Colo.: Teacher Ideas Press,Libraries Unlimited,→ISBN,page64:

        In today's assignment, you need to: [...] Right justify your heading in 12 point Helvetica font and plain textstyle.

      • 2011, Janine Warner, “Cascading Style Sheets”, inDreamweaver CS3 for Dummies, New York, N.Y.:John Wiley & Sons,→ISBN:

        The concept of creatingstyles has been around since long before the Web. Desktop publishing programs, such as Adobe InDesign, and even word processing programs, such as Microsoft Word, have long usedstyles to manage the formatting and editing of text on printed pages.

   4. (printing,publishing) Aset ofrules regarding thepresentation oftext (spelling,typography, thecitation ofreferences, etc.) andillustrations that isapplied by apublisher to theworks itproduces.

      the housestyle of the journal

      • 1993, Evelyn Hunt Ogden, “Spending Money and Using the 20th Century to Your Advantage”, inCompleting Your Doctoral Dissertation or Master’s Thesis in Two Semesters or Less, 2nd edition, Lanham, Md., Toronto, Ont.: ScarecrowEducation,Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, published2003,→ISBN,page60:

        If you have to settle for an expert typist who has not completed recent dissertations for your school, buy two copies of thestyle manual, one for you and one for the typist.

      • 2012, Larry A. Pace, “Preface and Acknowledgments”, inUsing Microsoft Word to Write Research Papers in APA Style, Anderson, S.C.: TwoPaces.com,→ISBN,page 5:

        There are many excellentstyle manuals, and every good writer should have one or more of these at hand, along with the appropriate formatting instructions for the particular standard beng followed. This book is a how-to survival manual for students, researchers, and family members who need to learn and use APA [American Psychological Association]style and who would like to use some of the tools provided by Microsoft Word.

• stile(obsolete)
• stylee(music, slang)

• stylus

• → Finnish:staili
• → Scottish Gaelic:stoidhle
• → Iban:stail
• → Japanese:スタイル(sutairu)
• → Korean:스타일(seutail)
• → Malay:stail
• → Portuguese:style
• → Swahili:staili

• substance

style (third-person singular simple presentstyles,present participlestyling,simple past and past participlestyled)

1. (transitive) Todesign,fashion,make, orarrange in a certain way or form (style).
2. (transitive,formal) Tocall orgive aname ortitle to.

   Synonyms:designate,dub,name;see alsoThesaurus:denominate

   The pope isstyled His or Your Holiness.

   • 1611, Iohn Speed [i.e.,John Speed], “Elizabeth Qveene of England, France, and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, &c. the Sixtie One Monarch of the English Crowne, […]”, inThe History of Great Britaine under the Conquests of yͤ Romans, Saxons, Danes and Normans. […], London:[…] William Hall and John Beale, for John Sudbury and George Humble, […],→OCLC, book IX ([Englands Monarchs] […]), paragraph 37,page837, column 1:

     […]Donenald O-Neale, rovvſed out of his lurking holes, in his miſsiue letters vnto the Pope,ſtileth himſelfeKing of Vlſter, and in right of inheritance, the vndoubted Heire of all Ireland.

   • 1726 October 28, [Jonathan Swift],Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World.[…][Gulliver’s Travels], volume I, London:[…]Benj[amin] Motte, […],→OCLC, part I (A Voyage to Lilliput):

     One morning, about a fortnight after I had obtained my liberty, Reldresal, principal secretary (as theystyle him) for private affairs, came to my house attended only by one servant.

   • 1749,Henry Fielding, “Jones Arrives at Gloucester, and Goes to the Bell; the Character of that House, and of a Petty-fogger, which He there Meets with”, inThe History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, volume III, London:A[ndrew] Millar, […],→OCLC, book VIII,page200:

     This Fellow, I ſay,ſtiled himſelf a Lawyer, but was indeed a moſt vile Petty-fogger, without Senſe or Knowledge of any Kind; one of thoſe who may be termed Train-bearers to the Law; [...]

   • 1776, “Of the Martyrs at Smyrna”, in [David Dalrymple, Lord Hailes], editor,Account of the Martyrs at Smyrna and Lyons, in the Second Century. With Explanatory Notes, Edinburgh: Printed by A. Murray and J. Cochran,→OCLC,pages12–13:

     But when the proconſul perſiſted in requiring him to ſwear bythe fortune of Cæſar,Polycarp ſaid, "Since thou oſtentatiouſly requireſt me to ſwear by what thouſtyleſtthe fortune of Cæſar, as if thou wert ignorant of what I am, hear me boldly ſpeak. I am a Chriſtian; and if thou wouldſt learn what is the doctrine of Chriſtianity, appoint a day, and hear."

   • 1782 December, “Elements of the Theory and Practice of Physic and Surgery. By John Aitken, M.D. 2 vols. 8vo. 14s. in Boards. Cadell.[book review]”, inThe Critical Review: Or, Annals of Literature (Series the Fifth), volume LIV, London: Printed for A. Hamilton, […],→OCLC,page438:

     Dr. Aitken's language is generally exact, though there is a quaintneſs, and an attempt at novelty, which is ſometimes diſagreeable. [...] Heſtyles 'recover apleasing evidence of the operation of the medicines.'

   • 1811,[Jane Austen], chapter X, inSense and Sensibility […], volume I, London:[…] C[harles] Roworth, […], and published byT[homas] Egerton, […],→OCLC,page106:

     Marianne's preserver, as Margaret, with more elegance than precision,stiled Willoughby, called at the cottage early the next morning to make his personal inquiries.

   • 1821 April 14, “Annals of the Coinage of Britain and Its Dependencies, from the Earliest Period of Authentic History to the End of the Fiftieth Year of the Reign of His Majesty King George III. By the Rev.Rogers Ruding, […] The Second Edition, Corrected, Enlarged, and Continued to the Close of the Year 1818. 5 vols. 8vo. With a 4to. vol. of Plates. London, 1819.[book review]”, inThe Literary Chronicle and Weekly Review; […], volume III, number100, London: Printed by Davidson, […], published by[John] Limbird, […], sold also by Souter[et al.],→OCLC,page246, column 3:

     Edward the Black Prince had the principality of Aquitain and Gascony conferred on him, with the privilege of coining monies. Under the authority of this grant, he struck various coins of gold and silver. On these coins he invariablystyles himself, Primogenitus Regis Angliæ, et Princeps Aquitaniæ [First King of England, and Prince of Aquitaine].

3. (transitive,informal) Tocreate for, orgive to, someone astyle,fashion, orimage, particularly one which is regarded asattractive,tasteful, ortrendy.
4. (intransitive,US,informal) Toact in a way whichseeks toshow that onepossesses style.

• stile(obsolete)

•  style (disambiguation) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

• lyest,tyles,yelts

• stile(obsolete)

Inherited fromMiddle Frenchstile, fromOld Frenchestile, borrowed fromLatinstilus.

• IPA^(key):/stil/

• Audio:

  (file)

style m (pluralstyles)

1. style (manner of doing something)

   Synonyms:façon,manière

2. (botany) style (of a flower)
3. fashion,trend, style
4. (colloquial) style (personal comportment)
5. flair
6. (art) style; method characteristic of an artist; artistic manner or characteristic by which an artisticmovement may be defined

   Synonym:genre

7. gnomon, style (needle of a sundial)
8. (dated,historical)stylus, style (implement for writing on tablets)

   Synonym:stylet

9. complement ofjargon particular to a field; style (manner of writing specific to afield ordiscipline)
10. sort,type;category of things

    Synonyms:espèce,genre,sorte,type

• (needle of a sundial):aiguille (d'uncadran),gnomon

• → Czech:styl
• → Italian:stile
• → Polish:styl
• → Romanian:stil
• → Serbo-Croatian:stȉl
• → Turkish:stil

• “style”, inTrésor de la langue française informatisé[Digitized Treasury of the French Language],2012.

style

1. vocativesingular ofstylus

FromOld Englishstiġel.

style

1. Alternative form ofstile(“stile”)

FromMedieval Latinstylus.

style

1. Alternative form ofstile(“style”)

stȳle m

1. Alternative form ofstīele

• IPA^(key):/ˈstɘ.lɛ/
• Rhymes:-ɘlɛ
• Syllabification:sty‧le

style m inan

1. accusativeplural ofstyl
2. vocativeplural ofstyl

Unadapted borrowing fromEnglishstyle.Doublet ofestilo andesteio.

style (invariable)

1. (Brazil,colloquial)stylish

   Com este calçado você ficastyle!

   With this shoe you becomestylish!

style m (pluralstyles)

1. (colloquial)style

   Synonym:estilo