son

1. (international standards)ISO 639-2 &ISO 639-5language code forSonghay languages.

• sonne(obsolete)

• (offspring, beget)IPA^(key):/sʌn/
• (Northern England,Ireland)IPA^(key):/sʊn/
• (Spanish borrowing)IPA^(key):/sɒn/

• Audio(Received Pronunciation):

  (file)

• Audio(US):

  (file)

• Rhymes:-ʌn,-ɒn
• Homophone:sun

FromMiddle Englishsonn,sone,sun,sune, fromOld Englishsunu(“son”), fromProto-Germanic*sunuz(“son”), fromProto-Indo-European*suHnús(“son”), fromProto-Indo-European*sewH-(“to bear; give birth”).

son (pluralsons)

2. One'smaleoffspring.

   Synonyms:seeThesaurus:son

   Before the birth of the man's child, he said: "I want ason, not a daughter."

   • 1671,John Milton, “The First Book”, inParadise Regain’d. A Poem. In IV Books. To which is Added, Samson Agonistes, London:[…] J[ohn] M[acock] for John Starkey […],→OCLC,page10, lines165-166:

     From what conſummate vertue I have choſe / This perfect Man, by merit call'd mySon,

3. A maleadopted person in relation to his adoptive parents.
4. Amale person who has such a closerelationship with anolder or otherwise moreauthoritative person that he can be regarded as a son of the other person.
   • 1832, Noah Webster, “SON”, inA Dictionary of the English Language Intended to Exhibit the Origin of Words, the Orthography and Definitions: in Two Volumes · Volume 2‎^[3]:

     Eli called Samuel hisson. Be plain, goodson, and homely in thy drift.

5. A male person considered to have been significantly shaped bysocial conflict.

   He was ason of the mafia system.

6. A person regarded as the product of some place.
   • 1850, Oliver P. Badger, convention member from Putnam, Indiana,Report of the Debates and Proceedings of the Convention for the Revision of the Constitution of the State of Indiana, 1850 Volume 1‎^[4], page827:

     I hold it to be true, that the people are thesons of the soil; and we are only their instruments here.

7. A familiar address to a male person from an older or otherwise more authoritative person.
   • 1984, “Working on the Highway”, inBruce Springsteen (music),Born in the U.S.A.:

     Son, can't you see that she's just a little girl?

   • 2012,BioWare,Mass Effect 3 (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts,→OCLC, PC, scene: Citadel:

     Shepard: Stay with me. We're almost through this.
     Admiral Anderson: You did good,son. You did good. I'm proud of you.
     Shepard: Thank you, sir. Anderson?

8. (UK,New York City,colloquial)An informal address to a friend or person of equal authority.
9. (computing) Thecurrentversion of afile, derived from the precedingfather file.
   • 2004, Ray Bradley,The Ultimate Computing Glossary for Advanced Level, page31:

     Three generations of file are usually kept, being the grandfather, father andson files.

   • 2007, O. Ray Whittington, Patrick R. Delaney,Wiley CPA Exam Review 2008: Auditing and Attestation, page779:

     After the update, the new file master file is theson. The file from which the father was developed with the transaction files of the appropriate day is the grandfather. The grandfather andson files are stored in different locations.

• (with regards to gender)daughter
• (with regards to ancestry)father,mother,parent

• child

FromMiddle Englishsonen,sunen, from the noun (see above).

son (third-person singular simple presentsons,present participlesonning,simple past and past participlesonned)

1. (transitive) Toproduce (i.e.bear,father,beget) a son.
   • 1997, Noel Polk,Outside the Southern Myth:

     Isonned a father who would not besonned,[…]

2. (transitive) Toaddress (someone) as "son".
   • 2005, Jerry Flesher,Tomorrow I'll Miss You:

     “Don't 'son' me.” “I'm old enough to be your father,” he said with a dismissive wave of his hand.

   • 2014, Stuart A. McKeever,Becoming Joey Fizz:

     “Son—now's not the time, please.” “It's the perfect time—it's the best time fucking time I ever had. There's not gonna be another time, so don'tson me, you bastard.[…]”

FromSpanishson(literally“tone, sound”).

son (uncountable)

2. (music)Son cubano, a genre of music and dance blendingSpanish andAfrican elements that originated inCuba during the late 19th century.
   • 2017, Mark Kurlansky,Havana: A Subtropical Delirium‎^[5], Bloomsbury,→ISBN:

     Whenson first emerged in the streets of Havana, in the early twentieth century, it was shut down by the police, as were most forms of African culture.Son groups,conjuntos, caught playing on the street, as was the tradition, had their instruments confiscated.

•  son on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
•  son cubano on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

• ons,Nos,Nos.,nos.,NSO,ONS,nos,NOS,Nºˢ

FromDutchzon, fromMiddle Dutchsonne, fromOld Dutchsunna, fromProto-Germanic*sunnǭ, fromProto-Indo-European*sh₂un-,*sóh₂wl̥.

• IPA^(key):/sɔn/

• Audio:

  (file)

son

1. Sun,sun(star of the solar system)

• middernagson
• sonbril
• Sondag
• sonlig
• sonneblom
• sonnestelsel
• sonnig
• sonpaneel
• sonskyn

FromLatinsonus. Compare Daco-Romaniansun.

son n (pluralsonuri)

1. sound

• asun

Borrowed from a descendant ofSanskritसुवर्ण(suvárṇa).

• IPA^(key):/ˈson/

son(Sanu)^[1]

1. gold

FromLatinsunt.

son

1. third-personpluralpresentindicative ofser

FromProto-Turkic*soŋ(“back, end”).^[1] CompareTurkishson below.

• IPA^(key):[son]

• Audio:

  (file)

son (definite accusativesonu,pluralsonlar)

1. end,ending

   Synonym:axır

   Antonym:baş

   sonda isə başa düşdük ki... ―but at the end we understood that...

   Filminsonundaəsas personaj ölür. ―The main character diesat the endof the movie.

son

1. recent,latest
2. last,final

   Synonym:axırıncı

   ötən əsrinson onilliyi ―last decade of theprevious century

Inherited fromOld Catalanson, fromVulgar Latinsum, reduced form ofLatinsuum, accusative ofsuus, fromProto-Italic*sowos. CompareOccitan andFrenchson.

In unstressed position in Vulgar Latinsuum, suam etc. were monosyllabic and regularly becameson, sa etc. in Catalan. When stressed they were disyllabic and becameseu,sua >seua etc.

• (Balearic,Central)IPA^(key):/sun/(always unstressed)
• (Valencia)IPA^(key):/son/(always unstressed)

son m (femininesa,masculine pluralsos,feminine pluralses)

1. his,her,its
2. their
3. your (alluding tovostè orvostès)

• The use ofson and the other possessive determiners is mostly archaic in the majority of dialects, with articulated possessive pronouns (e.g.el meu) mostly being used in their stead. However,mon,ton, andson are still widely used before certain nouns referring to family members and some affective nouns, such asamic,casa, andvida. Which nouns actually find use with the possessive determiners depends greatly on the locale.

The standard masculine plural form issos, butsons can be found in some dialects.

In Algherese,son and its forms mainly give reference tovostè.

• seu
• llur
• vostre

El Català de l'Alguer : un model d'àmbit restringit, Barcelona,2003,→ISBN, page31

Inherited fromOld Catalanson, fromLatinsomnus, fromProto-Indo-European*swépnos. Feminine noun by analogy withfam(“hunger”) andset(“thirst”).

• so(Balearic)

• IPA^(key):(Central,Balearic,Valencia)[ˈsɔn]

son m (pluralsons)

1. sleep

son f (uncountable)

1. sleepiness

   Synonym:somnolència

• malson

• somni

• “son” inDiccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició,Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “son” inDiccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

son

1. imperative ofsone

son

1. indefiniteaccusativesingular ofsonur

• IPA^(key):/ˈson/,[ˈs̠o̞n]
• Rhymes:-on
• Syllabification^(key):son
• Hyphenation^(key):son

son

1. (dialectal)Contraction ofseon.

This spelling is only used in texts meant to represent dialectal speech. The same contraction is common in rapid speech in many Finnish varieties, but the spelling is usually not used even in the most informal text or chat messages.

Inherited fromVulgar Latin*sum.Doublet ofsin(possessive pronoun).

son (femininesa,masculine pluralsosorses,feminine pluralses)(ORB, broad)

1. his,her,its(third-personal singular possessor)

• son [1] in DicoFranPro:Dictionnaire Français/Francoprovençal – ondicofranpro.llm.umontreal.ca
• son in Lo trèsor Arpitan – onarpitan.eu

Inherited fromOld Frenchson,suen,suon, fromLatinsonus (the current form may be remade after or influenced bysonner).

• (Europe)IPA^(key):/sɔ̃/
• (Canada)IPA^(key):/sõ(ː)/
• Homophones:sons,sont

son m (pluralsons)

1. sound

   Leson de ce piano est agréable.

   Thesound of this piano is nice.

2. (slang)music

   Synonyms:musique,morceau

   C’est une bête deson ce truc !

   That thing is one hell of amusic!

   .

• sonner
• sonore

Inherited fromMiddle Frenchson, fromOld Frenchson, fromVulgar Latinsum, a reduced/atonic variant ofsuus, suum, fromProto-Italic*sowos, fromProto-Indo-European*sewos, from*swé(“self”).

• IPA^(key):/sɔ̃/,(before a vowel)/sɔ̃.n‿/,/sɔ.n‿/

son m (femininesa,pluralses)

1. (possessive)his,her,their,its (used to qualify masculine nouns and before a vowel)

   Elle a perduson chapeau.

   She losther hat.

   Il a perduson chapeau.

   He losthis hat.

   J’aimeson amie.

   I likehis/her girlfriend.

   La décision a été prise pendantson absence.

   The decision was taken inher/his absence.

Son is used before all singular nouns beginning with a vowel or a mute H, even those that are feminine. However,sa is used with singular feminine nouns beginning with a consonant or an aspirated H.

• sondit

Inherited fromLatinsecundus (presumably through an earlierOld French form*seon; compare an attestedMedieval Latinseonno, seonnum). Cognate withCatalansegó,Old Occitansegon. The meaning derives from the fact that bran results from a second sifting of flour.Doublet ofsecond, a borrowing.

• IPA^(key):/sɔ̃/

son m (pluralsons)

1. bran

   Ceci est du pain deson.

   This bread is done withbran.

• “son”, inTrésor de la langue française informatisé[Digitized Treasury of the French Language],2012.

• nos

• IPA^(key):/ˈsoŋ/[ˈs̺oŋ]
• Rhymes:-oŋ
• Hyphenation:son

Inherited fromOld Galician-Portuguesesõo,son (13th century,Cantigas de Santa Maria, probably influenced by or possibly borrowed fromOld Occitanson), fromLatinsonus. Alternatively, regressively derived from the verbsoar. ComparePortuguesesom,Spanishson.

• som(reintegrationist)

son m (pluralsons)

1. sound
   • 1370, R. Lorenzo, editor,Crónica troiana, A Coruña: Fundación Barrié, page561:

     Et começou o torneo a creçer tãto, et a seer o acapelamento tã grande, et a uolta et os braados et os alaridos et ossõos dos cornos et das tronpas tã grandes et tã esquiuos que ome nõ se podía oýr

     And the tournament began to grow so much, and the carnage was so large, and the din and the roars and the yells and thesounds of the horns and of the trumpets so big and harsh that a man couldn't heard himself

   • 1409, J. L. Pensado Tomé, editor,Tratado de Albeitaria, Santiago de Compostela: Centro Ramón Piñeiro, page69:

     Et pasando porllos ditos, hu ha gran roido et gransoon se se o Cauallo espantar no no deuen ferir con açorregos, nen con vara, nen con espora, mais deuen no trager mansamente, con hũa cana afaagandoo et lleuandoo porllos ditos llugares a miude

     And passing by the mentioned places, where there is big noise and bigsound, if the horse frightens, they should not wound him with whips nor with a stick, nor with spoor, rather they should bring him meekly, fondling him with a twig and taking him through this places often

• soar
• sónico
• sonoro

• som(reintegrationist)
• são(reintegrationist)

son

1. am;are;inflection ofser:
   1. first-personsingularpresentindicative
   2. third-personpluralpresentindicative

   Son parvo ―I'm stupid

   Son parvos ―They're stupid

• Ernesto Xosé González Seoane,María Álvarez de la Granja,Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “son”, inDicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela:Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “soon”, inCorpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela:Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “son”, inDicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela:Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández,Ernesto Xosé González Seoane,María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “son”, inTesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela:Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “son”, inTesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela:Instituto da Lingua Galega,→ISSN

• Audio:

  (file)

son

1. Alternative form ofso'n
   • 1857, Der Glücksstern. Novelle von Julie Burow(Frau Pfannenschmidt), Bromberg, page 95:

     „[...] Macht Platz Leute! en Wagen wär' so übel nicht insoner Hitze.“

     (pleaseadd an English translation of this quotation)

• “son” inDuden online
• “son” inDigitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

son

1. indefiniteaccusativesingular ofsonur

• IPA^(key):/ˈson/,[ˈsun]
• Rhymes:-sɔn
• Hyphenation:son

Unknown(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

son (pluralson-son)

1. (agriculture)harvested young garlic at the age of 70 days after planting

Unadapted borrowing fromJapanese村(そん)(son,“village”). Romanised according modifiedKunrei-shiki romanization.

son

1. (historical, 1942-1945)Synonym ofkecamatan

son

1. (historical, 1942-1945)Synonym ofkecamatan

• “son” inKamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta:Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

son

1. Only used inar son

son

1. first-personsingularpresentindicative ofièsi
2. second-personsingularpresentindicative ofièsi
   • 1877, Antonio Ive,Canti popolari istriani: raccolti a Rovigno, volume 5, Ermanno Loescher, page29:

     Tison la manduleîna inzucherada.

     Youare the sugared almond.

• IPA^(key):/son/^[1][2]
• Hyphenation:son

son

1. Apocopic form ofsono(“I am; they are”)

• IPA^(key):/ˈsɔn/^[1]
• Rhymes:-ɔn
• Hyphenation:sòn

son m (apocopated)

1. Apocopic form ofsono(“sound”)

son

1. Rōmaji transcription ofそん

• sun

son

1. first-personsingularpresentindicative ofester

• sun
• sion

son

1. third-personsingularpresentindicative ofester

• IPA^(key):[sɔn]

son m anim

1. (archaic)swan(waterfowl of genusCygnus)

• kołp
• šwon

• er son

A contraction ofer son, fromMiddle Irishar son of unknown etymology. Cognate toIrishar son andScottish Gaelicairson; see the Irish entry for further etymology.

son

1. for

   Cur booise da Jeeson dty hlaynt.

   Thank God for your health.

   Eeckee ooson shen.

   You'll pay for that.

   C're vees ainson jinnair?

   What shall we have for dinner?

2. by

   Dy cadjin ta mee ec y thieson queig er y chlag.

   I'm usually home by five o'clock.

3. (used withverbal noun)want

   Cha nel eeson credjal yn irriney.

   She doesn't want to believe the truth.

   Cha nel ehson poosey.

   He's not the marrying kind.

   As myr shen, bee ooson gee?

   You'll be wanting to eat, then?

Not used with pronouns. Seeer son for inflected forms.

• cre hon(“for what purpose?”)
• son shickyrys(“for certain”)

son

1. Alternative form ofsonne(“sun”)

son

1. Alternative form ofsone(“son”)

FromOld Frenchson.

son m (pluralsons)

1. sound

• French:son

• IPA^(key):/ˈsõ/

son

1. third-personpluralpresent ofser

FromProto-Samic*sonë.

son

1. he,she,it

• Koponen, Eino, Ruppel, Klaas, Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008),Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages‎^[6], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland

FromOld Norsesonr, fromProto-Germanic*sunuz, fromProto-Indo-European*suHnús.

• IPA^(key):[so̞ːn]

son m (definite singularsonen,indefinite pluralsøner,definite pluralsønene)

1. ason

   Han hadde tosøner.

   He had twosons.

• steson

Male given names:

• “son” inThe Nynorsk Dictionary.

son m sg (feminine singularsa,masculine pluralsos,feminine pluralsas)

1. his;her;its

   Synonyms:seu,sieu

son

1. third-personpluralpresentindicative ofèsser

FromLatinsonus.

• IPA^(key):/soːn/

sōn m

1. amusicalsound;vocal,instrumental

• sōncræft

• Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller (1898) “sōn”, inAn Anglo-Saxon Dictionary‎^[7], 2nd edition, Oxford:Oxford University Press.

• soun(Anglo-Norman)
• sun(Anglo-Norman)

FromVulgar Latinsum, a reduced/atonic variant ofLatinsuum.

• IPA^(key):/sun/
• Rhymes:-on

son m (femininesa,pluralses)

1. his/hers/its (third-person singular possessive)

• Middle French:son
  • French:son

FromProto-West Germanic*sān(“immediately”). Cognates includeOld Englishsōna,Old Saxonsān andOld Dutch*sān.

• IPA^(key):/ˈsɔːn/

sōn

1. soon

• Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009)An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company,→ISBN

Borrowed fromLatinsonus.

• IPA^(key):/son/

son m

1. sound

son

1. Alternative spelling ofsón

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “son”, ineDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

son

1. accusativesingular ofsonr

• sun

FromOld Norsesonr, fromProto-Germanic*sunuz.

son m

1. son

• Swedish:son

FromOld Englishsunu(“son”), fromProto-Germanic*sunuz(“son”), fromProto-Indo-European*suHnús(“son”), from*sewH-(“to bear, give birth”).

• IPA^(key):[sɪn]

son (pluralsons)

1. son, malechild

son m (indeclinable)

1. sake,account

   Dèan seo air arson.

   Do this for us/for our sake.

   Dèan seo air moshon.

   Do this for me/for my sake.

Note that a grammaticalised unit meaning‘for’ is formed by a prepositional phrase combining the prepositionair /ar with a nominal or pronominal argument andson. (These structures are sometimes called‘compound prepositions’.)

• airson,carson

son (+ genitive)

1. Colloquial form ofairson.

• 'son

FromProto-Samic*sonë.

son

1. he,she,it

• Koponen, Eino, Ruppel, Klaas, Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008),Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages‎^[8], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland

• IPA^(key):/ˈson/[ˈsõn]

• Audio(Colombia):

  (file)

• Rhymes:-on
• Syllabification:son

FromLatinsonus, probably through the intermediate ofOld Occitanson (or influenced by it); alternatively, but less likely, regressively derived from the verbsonar (the more expected form issueno that appeared in some Medieval texts).^[1] CompareEnglishsound andPortuguesesom.

son m (pluralsones)

1. tone(pleasant sound)
2. (music, genre,uncountable)son(Afro-Cuban musical form)

   Synonym:son cubano

3. (music) musical composition in this form

See the etymology of the correspondinglemma form.

son

1. third-personpluralpresentindicative ofser

• “son”, inDiccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8,Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish:Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
•  son on the Spanish Wikipedia.Wikipedia^es
•  son cubano on the Spanish Wikipedia.Wikipedia^es

FromEnglishSun (fromMiddle Englishsunne, fromOld Englishsunne(“sun; the Sun”)) orDutchzon (fromMiddle Dutchsonne(“sun”), fromOld Dutchsunna), both fromProto-Germanic*sunnǭ, fromProto-Indo-European*sh₂un-,*sóh₂wl̥.

son

1. Sun

• sonde

• → Saramaccan:sónu

FromOld Swedishson,sun, fromOld Norsesonr,sunr fromProto-Germanic*sunuz, fromProto-Indo-European*suHnús. Masculine inLate Modern Swedish.

• IPA^(key):/soːn/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes:-oːn

son c

1. ason

   Antonym:dotter

• -son (see there for more derivations)

See the etymology of the correspondinglemma form.

son

1. definitesingular ofso

• son inSvensk ordbok (SO)
• son inSvenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

• nos,ons,sno

FromOttoman Turkishصوڭ(soŋ,“end, consequence”), fromProto-Turkic*soŋ(“back, end, after”).

Cognate withOld Turkic[script needed](soŋ,“after; late”);Tatar,Kazakh,Kyrgyzсоң(soñ),Southern Altaiсоҥ(soŋ),Uzbekso'ng(“after”),Yakutонтон(onton,“then”).

• IPA^(key):/ˈson/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation:son

son

1. last,final

   Antonym:ilk

son (definite accusativesonu,pluralsonlar)

1. end,ending

   sona erdirmek ―bring to an end, put an end to

2. consequence,result,conclusion

• sonra
• sonlu
• sonsuz
• sonuç
• sonlanmak

• “son”, inTurkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu

• ons

(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

son (pluralsonlar)

1. thigh

son

1. first-personsingularpresentindicative ofèser

This word had initial*k-r- in Old Vietnamese.

• (Hà Nội)IPA^(key):[sɔn˧˧]
• (Huế)IPA^(key):[ʂɔŋ˧˧] ~[sɔŋ˧˧]
• (Saigon)IPA^(key):[ʂɔŋ˧˧] ~[sɔŋ˧˧]

son• (侖,倫,崙,󱏟,󰅬,𣗾,𣘈,𪳔,𧹪,𪿽,󱠟)

1. vermilion

   rệp son ―a cochineal

2. (literary)unshakable;firm

(classifierthỏi,cây (“lipstick”))son• (侖,倫,崙,󱏟,󰅬,𣗾,𣘈,𪳔,𧹪,𪿽,󱠟)

1. redcosmetic
2. (by extension)lipstick

• IPA^(key):[son]

son (nominative pluralsons)

1. son
   • 1952, Arie de Jong,Diatek nulik: Gospul ma ‚Matthaeus’. Kapit: II:

     Se Lägüptän evokobsoni obik.

     I called myson out of Egypt.

   • 1952, Arie de Jong,Diatek nulik: Gospul ma ‚Matthaeus’. Kapit: I:

     Ekö! jivirgan ogrodikof, ed omotofsoni, keli onemoy eli ‚Emmanuel’, kela tradutod binon: God binom ko obs.

     Look! the virgin is with child and will give birth to ason whom they will call Immanuel, a name which means „God-is-with-us”.

• hicil

• cil

• daut
• jicil

• leson
• lüson
• posson
• sonef
• sonik
• soniko
• sono

• famül
• fat
• ledaut
• mot
• pal
• palik
• poscil
• posdaut

FromProto-Tai*soːlᴬ(“to teach”). Cognate withThaiสอน(sɔ̌ɔn),Northern Thaiᩈᩬᩁ,Laoສອນ(sǭn),Lüᦉᦸᧃ(ṡoan),Tai Damꪎꪮꪙ,Shanသွၼ်(sǎun),Tai Nüaᥔᥩᥢᥴ(sóan),Ahom𑜏𑜨𑜃𑜫(son).

• (Standard Zhuang)IPA^(key):/θoːn˨˦/
• Tone numbers: son¹
• Hyphenation: son

son (1957–1982 spellingson)

1. toteach