Alteration ofGod.

• (Received Pronunciation)IPA^(key):/ɒd/

• Audio(Southern England):

  (file)

• (General American)IPA^(key):/ɑd/
• Rhymes:-ɒd
• Homophone:odd

od

1. (nowarchaic,regional) (Euphemistic form of)God.[from 17th c.]

• od's bobs
• ods bodikins
• od's niggers

Borrowed fromGermanOd, arbitrarilycoined by the German scientist and philosopherCarl Reichenbach (1788–1869).^[1][2]

• (Received Pronunciation)IPA^(key):/ɒd/,/əʊd/

• Audio(Southern England):

  (file)

• (General American)IPA^(key):/ɑd/,/ɔd/,/oʊd/
• Rhymes:-ɒd,-əʊd,-ɔd
• Homophones:odd,ode

od

1. (pseudoscience,historical, alsoattributive) Ahypotheticalforce ornaturalpower, which wassupposed byCarl Reichenbach and others toinhere in certainpeople andproducephenomena such asanimal magnetism andmesmerism, and to bedeveloped by variousagencies, as bychemical orvitalaction,heat,light,magnets, etc.

   Synonyms:(obsolete)odyl,odyle

• Od,õd

•  Odic force on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

• DO,D.O.,'do,D&O,do.,d/o,do

Inherited fromProto-Turkic*ōt(“fire”).

• IPA^(key):/od/
• (Tabriz)IPA^(key):/ot/^[1]

• Audio:

  (file)

od (definite accusativeodu,pluralodlar)

1. fire

   Synonyms:atəş,nar

• odun
• ocaq

Inherited fromOld Czechot, fromProto-Slavic*otъ, fromProto-Indo-European*éti.

• IPA^(key):/ot/

• Audio:

  (file)

od [withgenitive]

1. from

   Dostal jsem dopisod bratra. ―I got a letter from my brother.

2. since

   Od té doby jsem tam nebyl. ―I haven't been there since.

3. of

   To jeod tebe moc hezké. ―That is very nice of you.

• “od”, inPříruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech),1935–1957
• “od”, inSlovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech),1960–1971, 1989

FromOld Norseoddr, fromProto-Germanic*uzdaz, cognate withGermanOrt(“place, point”).

• IPA^(key):/ˈɔðˀ/,[ˈʌðˀ]

od c (singular definiteodden,plural indefiniteodde)

1. sharppoint

• o(apocope)

Borrowing fromEnglishor,Frenchou,Italianod andSpanisho.

• IPA^(key):/ɔd/

od

1. or

• ed(“and”)
• ad(“to”)

• IPA^(key):/od/

od

1. or (used before a vowel for euphony instead ofo)

• D-o,do,dò

od

1. inflection ofost:
   1. second-personsingularpresentindicative
   2. second-personsingularimperative

od

1. Alternative form ofodde

od

1. Alternative form ofodde

od

1. Alternative form ofodde

FromOld Norseóðr.

od (neuter singularodt,definite singular and pluralode,comparativeodare,indefinite superlativeodast,definite superlativeodaste)

1. mad,frenzied

   Synonyms:galen,styrlaus

   Han er såod i dag at eg torer ikkje snakka til han.

   He's somad today that I don't dare talk to him.

2. on heat,rutting

   Synonyms:brunstig,brundgalen

• odgalen
• oding
• odskap

FromOld Norseóðr.

od n (definite singularodet,indefinite pluralod,definite pluraloda)

1. wildimpulse,suddencompulsion,yearning,frenzy

   Synonyms:ihuge,hugskot

   Eg gjorde det medodet var på meg.

   I did it while theimpulse was on me.

2. stormyweather

   Synonyms:hardver,uver

• odkast
• verod

• “od” inThe Nynorsk Dictionary.
• “od”, inNorsk Ordbok: ordbok over det norske folkemålet og det nynorske skriftmålet, Oslo: Samlaget, 1950-2016

FromLatinapud.

od

1. with

• Norman:d'ot

• hod,hot,ode,ot,ote

Inherited fromProto-Slavic*otъ. The finald is due to analogy with other prepositions such asnad andpod. First attested in the first half of the 14th century.

• IPA^(key):(10^th–15^th CE)/ɔt/
• IPA^(key):(15^th CE)/ɔt/

od[withgenitive]

1. indicates the beginning of an action has lasted;since,from,for
2. indicates length of time;for
3. indicates distance;from,away from
4. indicates source or cause;from,because of
5. indicates agent of a request;from
6. indicates physical origin, sometimes used in names;from
7. indicates author or letter;by,from
8. used in passive constructions;by
9. indicates the scope, manner or degree
10. indicates relation, intended purpose or use, material, or age;from
11. used in comparisons;than

• Polish:od
• Silesian:ôd

• B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “od”, inSłownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków:IJP PAN,→ISBN

• ode

Inherited fromOld Polishod.

• Audio 1(isolated):

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• Audio 2:

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• Rhymes:-ɔt
• Syllabification:od
• Homophones:od-,ot,-ot

od[withgenitive]

1. indicates separation, distance, loss of contact;from,away

   Jesteśmy dość dalekood domu. ―We're pretty farfrom home.

   Odsuń sięod niej! ―Get awayfrom her!

2. indicates origin of movement;from,away

   Dostałem dziś listod siostry. ―I got a letterfrom my sister today.

   Odchodzęod tego budynku. ―I am walking awayfrom that building.

3. indicates moment of origin in time;from,since,for

   Pracuję codziennieod siódmej do piętnastej. ―I workfrom 7 AM till 3 PM every day.

   Od jutra będę mieszkał we własnym mieszkaniu. ―Starting tomorrow I'll be living in my own flat.

   Odliczod dziesięciu w dół. ―Count backwardsfrom ten.

   Czekam na ciebieod osiemnastej. ―I have been waiting for yousince 6 PM.

4. indicates source or cause;from,because of

   Jestem mokryod deszczu ―I'm wetfrom the rain.

5. indicates intended use or purpose;for

   Czy widzisz przez dziurkęod klucza? ―Can you see through the keyhole? (literally, “Can you see through the holefor the key?”)

   Zamknąłeś oknood samochodu? ―Did you shut the car window?

6. indicates specialization
7. used in comparisons;than

   Synonyms:aniżeli,aniżeliby,niż,niżby,niźli,niźliby,niżeli,niżeliby

   Janusz jest wyższyod Piotra. ―Janusz is tallerthan Piotr.

8. (Middle Polish)used to indicate the author of a letter or work;from,by
9. (Middle Polish)used in passive constructions;by
10. (Middle Polish)indicates material;from

    Synonym:z

According toSłownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990),od is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 477 times in scientific texts, 319 times in news, 310 times in essays, 371 times in fiction, and 303 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 1780 times, making it the 23rd most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.^[1]

• od inWielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• od in Polish dictionaries at PWN
• Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “od”, inSłownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
• “OD”, inElektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 2010 May 24
• Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “od”, inSłownik języka polskiego
• Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “od”, inSłownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
• J. Karłowicz,A. Kryński,W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1904), “od”, inSłownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 3, Warsaw, page564
• Jan Łoś (1886) “já ńe od tego”, in “Gwara opoczyńska. Studium dialektologiczne”, inRozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności (1), volume11, page186

Inherited fromProto-Slavic*otъ, fromProto-Indo-European*éti. Seeod-,ot-,o,oda-.

• IPA^(key):/ôd/

ȍd (Cyrillic spellingо̏д)

1. from,since[withgenitive]

   od Zagreba do Beograda ―from Zagreb to Belgrade

   od jutra do mraka ―from dusk until dawn

   od 5 do 10 sati ―from 5 to 10 o'clock

   od danas ―from today on

   od sad(a) ―from now on

   od tad(a) ―since then

   od kraja zime ―from the end of winter

2. of[withgenitive]

   selood tri kuće ―a village of three houses

   jedanod njih ―one of them

   čovjekod (svoje) r(ij)eči. ―a man of his word

   Hvala! To je bilo jako l(ij)epood tebe! ―Thank you! That was very nice of you!

3. (comparison)(+genitive case)than

   Avioni su bržiod helikoptera. ―Airplanes are faster than helicopters.

   Stariji jeod svoje sestre. ―He is older than his sister.

4. made of, made out of, made from[withgenitive]

   stolicaod drveta ―a chair made of wood

   Plastika se proizvodiod nafte. ―Plastic is made from oil.

   U slamovima, ljudi često žive u kućama napravljenimod otpadnog metala. ―In slums, people often live in houses made out of scrap metal.

5. (proscribed,passive voice)(+genitive case)by (usually followed bystrane ("side/party") denoting the party which is doing the action; active form is preferred in formal language)

   Bomba je bila pronađenaod (strane) policije. ―The bomb was found by the police.

6. becauseof,from,with (denoting a direct or indirect cause)[withgenitive]

   Umrla jeod raka kože. ―She died of skin cancer.

   Umrla jeod alkoholizma. ―She died from alcoholism.

   umr(ij)etiod dosade ―to die of boredom

   drhtatiod straha ―to tremble with fear

   tresti seod hladnoće ―to shiver with cold

• odo

Inherited fromProto-Slavic*otъ, fromProto-Indo-European*éti.

• IPA^(key):/ˈɔd/

od (+ genitive)

1. from
2. since
3. of

• “od”, inSlovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak),https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk,2003–2025

FromProto-Slavic*otъ

• IPA^(key):/ɔt/

od

1. from, away from[withgenitive]
2. since or starting from (place or time)[withgenitive]
3. originating from, having origin in[withgenitive]
4. of, belonging to, part of[withgenitive]
5. (with genitive, in comparisons)than
6. of, from, because of, due to[withgenitive]

FromOttoman Turkishاود(od),اوت(ot), fromOld Anatolian Turkishاود(od), fromProto-Turkic*ōt(“fire”).

od (definite accusativeodu,pluralodlar)

1. (archaic ordialectal)fire

   Synonyms:ateş,nâr

• oda
• odun

od

1. each other

• IPA^(key):/ɔd/

FromMiddle Englishodde.

od (feminine singularod,pluralod,equativeoded,comparativeodach,superlativeodaf)

1. odd,strange

   Synonyms:anarferol,rhyfedd

2. odd(not even)

   Antonym:cynifer

Unusually for a monosyllabic word ending in a monophthong and singled, the current spelling of this word does not require the grave accent to indicate that the vowel is short. Likewise, there is a circumflex in the wordôd to show that its vowel is long. Compare this to regular spellings such asmwd andmẁd ornod andnòd. This phenomenon of not requiring a grave accent where one may expect it is more common in well-established grammatical words such asod below. See alsoos,nid ornag for similar cases.

• odiaeth(“excellent, splendid”)
• odrif(“odd number”)

od

1. (literary)Alternative form ofo(“if, whether”)used before vowels.