Borrowed fromPersianناـ(nâ-).

IPA^(key):[nɑ]

na-(rarelyproductive)

1. un-,non-,in-

   Synonym:qeyri-

   ‎na- + ‎tamam(“complete”) → ‎natamam(“incomplete”)

2. -less

   Synonym:-siz

   ‎na- + ‎ümid(“hope”) → ‎naümid(“hopeless”)

• n-

FromProto-Oceanic*na.

na-

1. The noun article. Added to nouns and verb stems to affirm nominal use. Has an element of definiteness. Also used in derivation.

• Big Nambas Grammar Pacific Linguistics - G.J. Fox

• IPA^(key):/ná/

ná-

1. Prefixed to a traditional Chewa clan name to denote a woman belonging to that clan.

na-

1. third person plural agent marker

• Swintha Danielsen, Tania Granadillo,Agreement in two Arawak languages, inThe Typology of Semantic Alignment (edited by Mark Donohue, Søren Wichmann) (2008,→ISBN, page 398

Inherited fromOld Czechna-, fromProto-Slavic*na-.Doublet ofná-. From the prepositionna.

na-

1. aprefix, often used where English would use aphrasal verb withon
2. (as animperfective verb) (often used withse) intensification: added to meana lot

   ‎na- + ‎představovatse(“present onself”) → ‎napředstavovatse(“present oneself many times”)

• na- inSlovník afixů užívaných v češtině, 2017

Derived from the prepositionna

• Audio:

  (file)

na-

1. after

voor-

• IPA^(key):/na-/

na-

1. male prefix added onto human words.

• ngal-

• Steven and Narelle Etherington,Kunwinjku Kunwok: A Short Introduction to Kunwinjku Language and Society (third edition, 1998)

na- (Kur-itan spellingᜈ)

1. forms adjectives indicating a quality

   ‎na- + ‎dalus(“cleanliness”) → ‎nadalus(“clean”)

na-

1. third person singular nominativeproclitic

• IPA^(key):[na]

na- (nominative proclitic,Lontara spellingᨊ)

1. he,she,it,they (third person singular and plural)

From Proto-Torres-Banks*na, fromProto-Oceanic*na(“noun article”).

na-

1. a,the (singular article for common nouns)

• When followed by a noun starting with avowel, the vowel ofna- is elided:

na- +‎ēm̄ →nēm̄(“house”)

• When followed by a noun starting with a singleconsonant,na- normally changes its vowel to a clone of the vowel in the next syllable:

na- +‎bē →nēbē(“water”)

na- +‎vinhe →nivinhe(“bamboo”)

• When followed by a noun starting with twounderlying consonants,na- normally remains unchanged:

na- +‎l(ō)qōvēn →nalqōvēn(“woman”)

• Generaldeterminer; does not encodedefiniteness.
• Forms thedeterminate form of most nouns.
• For [+human] referents, thenumber value issingular, contrasting withdualyoge,trialtēlge,pluralige.

nalqōvēn(“a woman”)

— opp.yoge lōqōvēn(“two women”),tēlge lōqōvēn(“three women”),ige lōqōvēn(“women”).

• For [-human] referents, the number value of the article is unspecified.

nēbē(“water”)

nēm̄(“a house, houses; the house, the houses”)

• François, Alexandre. 2005.A typological overview of Mwotlap, an Oceanic language of Vanuatu.Linguistic typology 9 (1): 115–146. DOI:10.1515/lity.2005.9.1.115.
• François, Alexandre. 2007.Noun articles in Torres and Banks languages: Conservation and innovation. In Siegel, Jeff; Lynch, John; Eades, Diana (eds.),Language Description, History and Development: Linguistic indulgence in memory of Terry Crowley, 313–326. (Creole Language Library 30) Amsterdam: Benjamins.

na-

1. Marks thecontinuative aspect, describing actions that take place over an indefinite time and move without a fixed direction or goal. Can also be translated as 'aroundabout,here and there,' and is sometimes referred to as anatelic prefix.

   ‎na- + ‎-nish(“work”) → ‎naalnish(“have a job, work”)

• This prefix is realized asni- before the fourth-person prefixji-, the distributive plural prefixda-, and all of thesi- perfective prefixes excepts/z-:nijiné(“someone is playing”), not*najiné, andnidajiné(“some people are playing”), not*nadajiné.

na-

1. Marks thediversitative aspect on certain verbs, indicating action taking place in multiple places ("here and there") without taking place over a specific period of time

na-

2. Verbal derivational prefix meaningacross

na-

2. Verbal derivational prefix meaningdownward,down from aheight

• Young, Robert W & William Morgan, Sr.The Navajo Language. A Grammar and Colloquial Dictionary. University of New Mexico Press. Albuquerque, NM: 1987.

Fromnā.

• IPA^(key):/nɑː/

nā-

1. Denotes absence or lack

• nān-
• nāhwæþer
• nāwiht

Inherited fromProto-Slavic*na-.

• IPA^(key):(10^th–15^th CE)/na(ː)/
• IPA^(key):(15^th CE)/na/,/nɒ/

na-

1. added to verbs to make them perfective

   ‎na- + ‎pisać → ‎napisać

2. added to verbs to meanonto

   ‎na- + ‎łożyć → ‎nałożyć

3. added to verbs to with various meanings

   ‎na- + ‎mówić → ‎namówić

• Polish:na-

Inherited fromOld Polishna-.Doublet ofana-.

• IPA^(key):/na/
• Rhymes:-a
• Syllabification:[please specify syllabification manually]

na-

1. added to verbs to make them perfective

   ‎na- + ‎pisać → ‎napisać

2. added to verbs to meanonto

   ‎na- + ‎łożyć → ‎nałożyć

3. added to verbs to with various meanings

   ‎na- + ‎mówić → ‎namówić

FromProto-Slavic*na-. Prefixed form of the prepositionna.

• IPA^(key):/na-/

na-

1. Forms perfective verbs with the following meanings:
   1. (no change in meaning)

      ‎na- + ‎pisáti(“to write”) → ‎napisáti(“to write”)

   2. onto,into

      ‎na- + ‎líti(“to pour”) → ‎nalíti(“to pour in”)

   3. a little, tobegin to

      ‎na- + ‎krivīti(“to bend”) → ‎nakrivīti(“to bend a little”)

      ‎na- + ‎gníti(“to rot”) → ‎nagníti(“to begin to rot”)

   4. enough of, asufficient amount of

      ‎na- + ‎cepīti(“to chop”) → ‎nacepīti(“to chop enough of”)

   5. (reflexive)excessively,thoroughly

      ‎na- + ‎píti(“to drink”) → ‎napíti(“to drink one's fill, get drunk”)

Inherited fromProto-Slavic*na-.

• IPA^(key):/na/

na-

1. added to verbs to make them perfective, often meaning "to do X verb much or enough"

   ‎na- + ‎ochac → ‎naochac

na-

1. Contraction ofni- +-a-.
2. Contraction ofni- +-na-.

   Synonym:nina-

• (Standard Tagalog)
  • IPA^(key):/na/[n̪ɐ](complete aspect prefix)
  • IPA^(key):/ˈna/[ˈn̪aː](progressive aspect prefix)
• Syllabification:na-

na- (Baybayin spellingᜈ)

1. used to form complete aspects of verbs prefixed withma-

ná- (Baybayin spellingᜈ)

1. (dialectal)used to form progressive aspects of verbs prefixed withum- or infixed with-um-

• The dialectal prefix, when written, is generally a source of confusion and mockery for the majority of Tagalog speakers, but the two actually differ by pronunciation. Thena-, where it indicates a perfective aspect, is pronounced without stress, while thena- prefix, where it indicates a progressive aspect in some dialects, is pronounced with stress.

  Nakain siya ng isda.

  He/She happened to be eaten by the fish.

  Nákain siya ng isda.

  He/She is eating fish.

• -an

na-

1. first-person plural inclusive possessive prefix,our

   Synonym:nga-

2. second-person plural possessive prefix,your

   Synonym:nia-

3. (human)third-person plural possessive prefix,their

   Synonym:nga-

• Rika Hayami-Allen (2001)A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

Inherited fromOttoman Turkishناـ(nâ-), fromPersianناـ(nâ-).

na-(rarelyproductive)

1. un-,non-,in-

   Synonym:gayri-

   ‎na- + ‎tamam(“complete”) → ‎natamam(“incomplete”)

2. -less

   Synonym:-siz

   ‎na- + ‎ümit(“hope”) → ‎naümit(“hopeless”)

Cognate withTernatena-(“our”).

• IPA^(key):/n̪a/

na-

1. first-person plural inclusive possessive prefix,our

The possessive prefixna- is subject to West Makianvowel harmony, and as such may surface asne-,ni-, orno-.

• ne-,ni-,no-

• IPA^(key):/na/

na-

1. second-person singular clitic,you

   noco ―you see

The prefixna- follows West Makianvowel harmony, and as such may surface asne-,ni-,no-, ornu-.

• ne-,ni-,no-,nu-

• Clemens Voorhoeve (1982)The Makian languages and their neighbours‎^[1], Pacific linguistics

na-

1. with, incompany of
2. (with subject concord) tohave

na-

1. and(joining individual words)

• IPA^(key):/nʱa/

na-

1. with, incompany of
2. (with subject concord) tohave

The meaning "have" can be analysed more literally as "to be with". In the negative,a- is prefixed to the subject concord, and the initial vowel of the noun prefix is dropped:

• Nginekati. ―Ihave a cat.
• Anginakati. ―I don'thave a cat.

na-

1. and(joining individual words)

   Synonym:futhi

2. also,too

   Synonym:futhi

3. even(implying an extreme example)

• C. M. Doke,B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “na-”, inZulu-English Dictionary,→ISBN: “na-”