kia

See also:Appendix:Variations of "kia"

Abenaki

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Etymology

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Cognate toPenobscotkia.

Pronoun

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kia

you,thou(the singular second person pronoun)

References

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Joseph Laurent (1884)New Familiar Abenakis and English Dialogues, Quebec: Leger Brousseau,page58
John Dyneley Prince (1902) “The Differentiation Between the Penobscot and the Canadian Abenaki Dialects”, inAmerican Anthropologist, volume 4,page 28 of 17–32

Esperanto

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Etymology

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Fromki-(interrogative and relativecorrelative prefix) +‎-a(correlative suffix of kind).

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key):/ˈkia/
Audio: (file)
Rhymes:-ia
Hyphenation: ki‧a

Determiner

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kia (accusative singularkian,pluralkiaj,accusative pluralkiajn)

what kind of, which kind of (the interrogative and relative correlative of kind)
Mi ne sciaskian koloron almeti por la ĉielo.
I do not knowwhat kind of color to put on for the sky.

Usage notes

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Like other interrogative and relative correlatives,kia can be combined withajn, the adverbial particle of generality.Kia ajn thus meanswhatever kind of.

Derived terms

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kia ajn(“whatever kind of”)

Esperanto correlatives
	interrogative	demonstrative	indefinite	universal	negative
ki-	ti-	i-	ĉi-	neni-
kind of, sort of	-a	kia	tia	ia	ĉia	nenia
reason	-al	kial	tial	ial	ĉial	nenial
time	-am	kiam	tiam	iam	ĉiam	neniam
place	-e	kie	tie	ie	ĉie	nenie
motion	-en	kien	tien	ien	ĉien	nenien
manner	-el	kiel	tiel	iel	ĉiel	neniel
possessive	-es	kies	ties	ies	ĉies	nenies
demonstrative pronoun	-o	kio	tio	io	ĉio	nenio
amount	-om	kiom	tiom	iom	ĉiom	neniom
demonstrative determiner	-u	kiu	tiu	iu	ĉiu	neniu

Hawaiian

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Etymology

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FromProto-Polynesian*tia (compare withMaoritia), fromProto-Oceanic*tiaŋ, fromProto-Malayo-Polynesian*tihaŋ (compare withMalaytiang).

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key):/ˈki.a/,[ˈti.jə]

Noun

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kia

pillar,post

References

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Pukui, Mary Kawena, Elbert, Samuel H. (1986) “kia”, inHawaiian Dictionary, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press

Indonesian

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Etymology

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FromClassical Persianبخیه(baxiya,“stitch, suture”).

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key):[ˈkia̯]
Hyphenation:kia

Verb

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kia

(archaic) tostitch
Synonym:jahit

Inupiaq

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Pronoun

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kia

whose
Kia aglautaa una?
Whose pencil is this?

Synonyms

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kisum

Maori

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Pronunciation

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IPA^(key):/ˈki.a/, [ˈki.ɐ]

Particle

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kia

when;until(used for a future time)
to;that(indicates a purpose, wish or effect)(used if secondverb ispassive orstative, or if thesubject of thesubordinate clause is different to the main clause)
I tonoa rātou kia waiata.
They were asked to sing.
(let)be,may (there be)(indicates desirability)
Kia tūpato
Be careful
specifies an amount
Kia hia ngā tīkiti māu?
How many tickets do you need?
not yet
so that
so that ...will not
shouldn't

Derived terms

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References

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"kia" - Maori Dictionary

Penobscot

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Etymology

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Cognate toAbenakikia.

Pronoun

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kia

you,thou(the singular second person pronoun)

References

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J. Dyneley Prince (1902) “The Differentiation Between the Penobscot and the Canadian Abenaki Dialects”, inAmerican Anthropologist (in Penobscot), volume 4

Vietnamese

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FWOTD – 24 July 2022

Etymology

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Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading ofChinese其(“that; those”,SV:kì). Related tokìa.

Pronunciation

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(Hà Nội)IPA^(key):[kiə˧˧]
(Huế)IPA^(key):[kiə˧˧]
(Saigon)IPA^(key):[kiə˧˧]

Adjective

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kia• (箕)

that,over there
other,opposite
- 2009,Thích Nhất Hạnh,Trái tim của Bụt, NXB Tổng hợp TP. Hồ Chí Minh, page14:
  Khi ngồi nhìn lên chúng ta nghĩ đó là phía trên, nhìn xuống ta nghĩ đó là phía dưới. Nhưng cùng một lúc đó, đồng loại ta ở phía bênkia địa cầu nhìn sẽ thấy ngược lại.
  When we are seated and look up, we imagine that is above; looking down we imagine that is below. But at the same time, people at theother side of the world will see it the other way around.
(with time expressions) two removed from the present
ngàykia ―the day after tomorrow
hômkia ―the day before yesterday
nămkia ―two years ago

Usage notes

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Kia meaning "that" denotes a place, person or thing far from both the speaker and the person(s) he or she is talking to. Usually both the speaker and the person(s) he or she is talking to can see that place, person or thing and the speaker may be pointing to it.

	proximal (*-iː)	distal 1 (*-iːʔ)	distal 2 (*-əːʔ)	distal 3/ remote (*-ɔːʔ)	interrogative (rime was a rounded back vowel)
place, attributive¹ n-	ni nì này/nầy nây	ní nấy	nớ	nọ (nó)	nào
place, nominal² đ-	đây	đấy (ấy)	—	đó	đâu
manner r-	ri rày	—	rứa	—	ru sao³
extent 1⁴ b-	bây	bấy	—	—	bao
extent 2⁵ v-	vầy	vậy	—	—	—

¹ Originally can only follow a nominal (being used attributively), hencenơi này(“this place; here”),nơi nào(“where”) (no longer completely true in the modern language).
² Can be used on its own/is itself nominal, henceđây(“here”),đâu(“where”).
³ From earlier*C-raːw (where *C is nonspecific consonant).
⁴ Placed before the head:bâynhiêu(“this much”),bấynhiêu(“that much”),bao nhiêu(“how much”).
⁵ Placed after the head:nhanh vầy(“this fast”),nhanh vậy(“that fast/so fast”).

visibility/evidentiality⁶
	distal (ngang)	remote (huyền)
Northern-Southern	kia (cơ)	kìa (cờ)
Central	tê	tề

⁶ Originally, these demonstratives might have been used to assert that something isvisible and/orverifiable. They have been bleached quite thoroughly and currently are usually used like other distal demonstratives. The biggest trace of their evidentiality might be in their usage as final particles, often in reduced formscơ/cờ:[t]ừ đấy về tới Hà Nội, còn những ba cái cầu nữacơ mà! ("From there to Hanoi, there're still three more bridges to cross!") (Ba ngày luân lạc, 1943).