kapal (pluralkapals)

1. Alternative form ofkappal(“ship”)

FromMalaykapal, fromTamilகப்பல்(kappal,“ship, sailing vessel”).

kapal

1. ship(large water vessel)

kapal

1. (anatomy)palm

kapal

1. Romanization ofᬓᬧᬮ᭄

• Hyphenation:ka‧pal

kapal

1. theyellow-tailed sergeant major (Abudefduf notatus)

• IPA^(key):[ˈkapal]

kapal

1. masculinesingularpastactiveparticiple ofkapat

• (Standard Indonesian)IPA^(key):/ˈkapal/[ˈka.pal]
• Rhymes:-apal
• Syllabification:ka‧pal

FromMalaykapal(“ship”), fromClassical Malaykapal(“decked ship”), fromTamilகப்பல்(kappal,“ship, sailing vessel”). In the third sense, a mistranslation ofEnglishship(“relationship”), fromrelation +-ship (etymologically unrelated to the nounship).

kapal (pluralkapal-kapal)

1. ship(a water-borne vessel generally larger than a boat)
2. (chiefly in combination)ship(a vessel which travels through any medium other than across land)
3. (slang,fandomslang)ship(a fictional romantic relationship between two characters)

FromMalaykapal(“thickening skin”), fromProto-Malayo-Polynesian*kapal(“thick, as a plank”). Compare toTagalogkapal(“thick”).

kapal (pluralkapal-kapal)

1. thickeningskin;lichenification

• “kapal” inKamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta:Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

kapal

1. Romanization ofꦏꦥꦭ꧀

Borrowed fromTagalogkapal.

kapal

1. thick

• Greenhill, S.J., Blust. R, & Gray, R.D. (2008).The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics.Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271-283.

Borrowed fromMalaykapal.

• (Standard Maguindanaon)IPA^(key):/ˈkapal/[ˈka.pʌɭ]
• Rhymes:-apal
• Syllabification:ka‧pal

kapal

1. ship

• IPA^(key):[ka.pal]
• Rhymes:-pal,-al
• Hyphenation:ka‧pal

FromTamilகப்பல்(kappal,“ship, sailing vessel”).(Canthis⁽⁺⁾ etymology besourced?)

kapal (Jawi spellingکاڤل,pluralkapal-kapal)

1. A largewatervessel; aship.

   Kapal satu, nakhoda dua ―saying about two lovers fighting in rivalry over a girl (lit. 'a ship with two captains')

   1. (chiefly in combination) Any vessel travelling through any medium other than across land, such as anairship orspaceship.

• Ambonese Malay:kapal
• Indonesian:kapal
  • → Balinese:ᬓᬧᬮ᭄(kapal)
• → Alorese:kapal
• → Balinese:ᬓᬧᬮ᭄(kapal)
• → Buginese:ᨀᨄᨒ(kappala')
• → Hokkien:夾板 /夹板(kap-pán)^[1]
• → English:kappal,capel,kapal
• → Javanese:ꦏꦥꦭ꧀(kapal)
• → Khmer:កប៉ាល់(kaʼpal)
• → Maguindanao:kapal
• → Maranao:kapal
• → Sundanese:ᮊᮕᮜ᮪(kapal)
• → Tboli:kafal
• → Tausug:kappal
• → Thai:กำปั่น(gam-bpàn)
  • → Lao:ກຳປັ່ນ(kam pan)
  • → Khmer:កងព័ន្ធ(kɑɑngpŏənthɔɔ)(possibly)

FromProto-Malayo-Polynesian*kapal(“thick, as a plank”). Compare toTagalogkapal(“thick”).

kapal (pluralkapal-kapal)

1. Thickeningskin;lichenification.

• Pijnappel, Jan (1875) “کڤل kapal”, inMaleisch-Hollandsch woordenboek, John Enschede en Zonen, Frederik Muller, page84
• Wilkinson, Richard James (1901) “کڤل kapal”, inA Malay-English dictionary, Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh limited, pages522-3
• Wilkinson, Richard James (1932) “kapal”, inA Malay-English dictionary (romanised), volume I, Mytilene, Greece: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis, page508

• “kapal” inPusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur:Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

Borrowed fromMalaykapal

kapal

1. ship

   Synonyms:bapor,barko,mospil

2. boat

   Synonym:biday

3. vessel

• A Maranao Dictionary, by Howard P. McKaughan and Batua A. Macaraya

• capal —obsolete,Spanish-based spelling

From WesternProto-Malayo-Polynesian*kapal orProto-Austronesian*kaS(ə)pal. CompareIndonesiankapal(“thickening skin”) andMalaykapal(“thickening skin”).

kapál (Baybayin spellingᜃᜉᜎ᜔)

1. thickness
2. multitude;numerousness

   Synonyms:dami,tambak,sagana,damulas,katerba

3. (colloquial,derogatory)Ellipsis ofkapal ng mukha.

   Angkapal talaga ng hayop na yun!

   Theshamelessness of that animal!

Unknown. Possibly related to etymology 1 or an apocope fromMalaykepala(“head, source (metaphorical)”), fromSanskritकपाल(kapāla,“head”).

kapál (Baybayin spellingᜃᜉᜎ᜔)

1. figure;creation

   Synonyms:likha,lalang,gawa

2. cake out ofbread;tart

   Synonym:keyk

   kapal na tinapay ―cake of bread

3. lump made ofwax

   kapal na pagkit ―lump of wax

• “kapal”, inKWF Diksiyonaryo ng Wikang Filipino,Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino,2024
• “kapal”, inPambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila,2018
• Noceda, Fr. Juan José de, Sanlucar, Fr. Pedro de (1860)Vocabulario de la lengua tagala, compuesto por varios religiosos doctos y graves‎^[1] (in Spanish), Manila: Ramirez y Giraudier
• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*kapal”, in the CLDF dataset fromThe Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–),→DOI
• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*kaS(e)pal”, in the CLDF dataset fromThe Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–),→DOI

• kalap,pakla,plaka