• enPR:jŭmp,IPA^(key):/d͡ʒʌmp/,[d͡ʒɐm̥p]

• Audio(US):

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• Rhymes:-ʌmp

FromMiddle Englishjumpen(“to walk quickly, run, jump”), probably ofMiddle Low German orNorth Germanic origin, ultimately fromProto-Germanic*gumpōną ~ *gumbōną(“to hop, skip, bounce”), aniterative verb.^[1] The OED suggests animitative origin.^[2] Related tojumble. In the sense “to propel oneself” it displacedleap partially andspring largely.

jump (third-person singular simple presentjumps,present participlejumping,simple past and past participlejumped)

1. (intransitive) Topropel oneselfrapidlyupward,downward and/or in any horizontal direction such thatmomentum causes thebody to becomeairborne.

   The boyjumped over a fence.

   Kangaroos are known for their ability tojump high.

   • c.1610–1611 (date written),William Shakespeare, “The Winters Tale”, inMr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London:[…]Isaac Iaggard, andEd[ward] Blount, published1623,→OCLC,[Act IV, scene iv]:

     Not the worst of the three butjumps twelve foot and a half by the square.

2. (intransitive) To cause oneself toleave anelevated location and falldownward.

   She is going tojump from the diving board.

3. (transitive) To pass by means of a spring or leap; to overleap.

   tojump a stream

4. (intransitive) To employ aparachute to leave anaircraft or elevated location.
5. (intransitive) To react to asudden, oftenunexpected,stimulus (such as asharpprick or a loud sound) byjerking the bodyviolently.

   The sudden sharp sound made mejump.

6. (intransitive,figuratively) Toincrease sharply, torise, toshoot up.

   Share pricesjumped by 10% after the company announced record profits.

7. (intransitive) To employ amove in certainboard games where one game piece is moved from one legalposition to anotherpassing over the position of another piece.

   The player's knightjumped the opponent's bishop.

8. (transitive) To move to a position (in aqueue/line) that is further forward.

   I hate it when peoplejump the queue.

9. (transitive) To pass (atraffic light) when it is indicating that one should stop.
10. (transitive) Toattack suddenly and violently.

    The hoodlumjumped a woman in the alley.

11. (transitive,slang) To engage insexual intercourse with (a person).
    • 1983,The Big Chill:

      Harold: How is Sarah? I don't want tojump her while she'son the rag.

12. (transitive) Tocause to jump.

    The riderjumped the horse over the fence.

13. (transitive) To move the distance between two opposing subjects.
14. (transitive) To increase theheight of atower crane by inserting a section at the base of the tower and jacking up everything above it.
15. (cycling,intransitive) Toincreasespeed aggressively and without warning.
16. (transitive,obsolete) To expose to danger; to risk; to hazard.
    • c.1608–1609 (date written),William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Coriolanus”, inMr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London:[…]Isaac Iaggard, andEd[ward] Blount, published1623,→OCLC,[Act III, scene i]:

      tojump a body with a dangerous physic

17. (transitive, smithwork) To join by abuttweld.
18. Tothicken orenlarge byendwiseblows; toupset.
19. (quarrying) Tobore with ajumper.
20. Tojump-start a car or other vehicle with a deadbattery, as withjumper cables.
    • 2000, United States. Employees' Compensation Appeals Board,Decisions of the Employees' Compensation Appeals Board: Index digest, page511:

      [Someone] and Mr. Benfield were at the corner of Elm and Walton Streets when they were approached by Mr. Gray, who asked for help tojump his car. When informed they did not have jumper cables, Mr. Gray asked them to take him to get some.

    • 2015 January 30, Robert M. Morgan, Janet Turner Parish, George Deitz,Handbook on Research in Relationship Marketing, Edward Elgar Publishing,→ISBN, page250:

      […] his wife, who was at home with their children, would drive to school tojump his car; both would drive home; […]

21. (obsolete) To coincide; to agree; to accord; to tally; followed bywith.
    • a.1597,William Shakespeare,Henry IV, Part 1, act I, scene ii:

      Itjumps with my humour.

    • 1922,E[ric] R[ücker] Eddison,The Worm Ouroboros‎^[2], London: Jonathan Cape,page18:

      The fortune of the dicejumpeth not commonly with the fortune of war.

22. (intransitive,programming) To startexecutingcode from a differentlocation, rather than following theprogram counter.
    • 2008, Garry Robinson,Real World Microsoft Access Database Protection and Security:

      When this section is completed, the code generallyjumps back to the Exit Section, and the procedure is closed.

23. (intransitive,slang,archaic) Toflee; to make one's escape.
    • 1891, Arthur Conan Doyle,The Red-Headed League:

      “It's all clear,” he whispered. “Have you the chisel and the bags? Great Scott!Jump, Archie,jump, and I'll swing for it!”
      Sherlock Holmes had sprung out and seized the intruder by the collar. The other dived down the hole, and I heard the sound of rending cloth as Jones clutched at his skirts.

24. (intransitive,figurative) To shift one's position or attitude, especially suddenly and significantly.

    The administration isjumping back from that message.

    Think hard before youjump towards a particular solution.

25. (intransitive,biology, of DNA) To switch locations onchromosomes.

• (propel oneself upwards):leap,spring
• (cause oneself to leave an elevated location and fall):jump down,jump off
• (employ a parachute to leave an aircraft or elevated location):skydive
• (react to a sudden stimulus by jerking the body violently):flinch,jerk,jump out of one's skin,leap out of one's skin,twitch
• (move to a position in a queue/line):skip
• (attack suddenly and violently):ambush,assail; see alsoThesaurus:attack
• (engage in sexual intercourse):hump,jump someone's bones; see alsoThesaurus:copulate with
• (bore with a jumper): see alsoThesaurus:make a hole
• (make one's escape):beat it,rabbit,take off; see alsoThesaurus:flee

See alsojumped,jamp,jumperandjumping

jump (pluraljumps)

1. The act ofjumping; aleap; aspring; abound.
   • a.1705, John Locke, “Of the Conduct of the Understanding”, inPosthumous Works of Mr. John Locke: […], London:[…]A[wnsham] and J[ohn] Churchill, […], published1706,→OCLC:

     To advance byjumps.

2. Aneffort; anattempt; aventure.
   • c.1606–1607 (date written),William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Anthonie and Cleopatra”, inMr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London:[…]Isaac Iaggard, andEd[ward] Blount, published1623,→OCLC,[Act III, scene viii]:

     Our fortune lies / Upon thisjump.

3. (mining) Adislocation in astratum; afault.
4. (architecture) Anabruptinterruption oflevel in a piece ofbrickwork ormasonry.
5. Aninstance ofpropellingoneselfupwards.

   The boy took a skip and ajump down the lane.

7. Anobject which causes one tojump; aramp.

   The skier flew off thejump and landed perfectly.

8. An instance of causing oneself tofall from anelevatedlocation.

   There were a couple ofjumps from the bridge.

9. An instance ofemploying aparachute toleave anaircraft orelevatedlocation.

   She was terrified before thejump, but was thrilled to be skydiving.

10. An instance ofreacting to asuddenstimulus byjerking thebody.
11. Ajumpingmove in aboard game.

    the knight'sjump in chess

12. Abutton (of ajoypad,joystick or similardevice) used to make avideo gamecharacterjump (propel itselfupwards).

    Pressjump to start.

13. (sports,equestrianism) Anobstacle that forms part of ashowjumping course, and that thehorse has tojumpovercleanly.

    Heartless managed the scale the firstjump but fell over the second.

14. (withon) Anearlystart or anadvantage.

    He got ajump on the day because he had laid out everything the night before.

    Their research department gave them thejump on the competition.

15. (mathematics) Adiscontinuity in thegraph of afunction, where the function iscontinuous in apunctured interval of the discontinuity.
16. (physics, hydrodynamics) Anabruptincrease in theheight of thesurface of aflowingliquid at thelocation where the flowtransitions fromsupercritical tosubcritical, involving an abruptreduction in flowspeed and increase inturbulence.
17. (science fiction) An instance offaster-than-lighttravel, notobservable fromordinaryspace.
18. (programming) A change of thepath ofexecution to a differentlocation.
19. (US,informal,automotive)Short forjump-start.

    My car won't start. Could you give me ajump?

20. (film)Clipping ofjump cut.
21. (theater)Synonym ofone-night stand(“single evening's performance”)
    • 1950 December 23,Billboard, page36:

      Nextjump will be at the Chicago Theater, Chicago.

• For quotations using this term, seeCitations:jump.

• (instance of propelling oneself into the air):leap
• (instance of causing oneself to fall from an elevated location):
• (instance of employing a parachute to leave an aircraft or elevated location):
• (instance of reacting to a sudden stimulus by jerking the body):flinch,jerk,twitch

jump (notcomparable)

1. (obsolete)Exactly;precisely
   • c.1599–1601,William Shakespeare,Hamlet, act 1, scene 1, lines64–65:

     Thus twice before, andjump at this dead hour,
     With martial stalk hath he gone by our watch.

• accurately,just,slap bang; see alsoThesaurus:exactly

jump (comparativemorejump,superlativemostjump)

1. (obsolete) Exact; matched; fitting; precise.
   • 1640,Ben Jonson,An Execration Upon Vulcan:

     jump names

   • c.1599–1602 (date written),William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, inMr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London:[…]Isaac Iaggard, andEd[ward] Blount, published1623,→OCLC,[Act I, scene i]:

     Thus twice before, andjump at this dead hour, / With martial stalk hath he gone by our watch

CompareFrenchjupe(“a long petticoat, a skirt”) andEnglishjupon.

jump (pluraljumps)

1. A kind of loose jacket for men.

• jumper
• jumps

FromEnglishjump.

jump

1. (Hong Kong Cantonese,neologism,euphemistic) tocommit suicide byjumping from abuilding; to jump to one'sdeath

• 跳樓／跳楼 (tiàolóu)

FromArabicجَنْب(janb).

jump

1. beside
2. to,towards

• Borg, Alexander (2004)A Comparative Glossary of Cypriot Maronite Arabic (Arabic–English) (Handbook of Oriental Studies;I.70), Leiden and Boston: Brill,page189

From Englishjump.

• IPA^(key):/d͡ʒʌmp/,[d͡ʒʌmp]

jump (third-person singular simple presentjumps,present participlejumpin,simple pastjamp,jumpit,past participlejumpit)

1. tojump