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Wiktionary

im

Contents

Translingual

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Alternative forms

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Symbol

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im

  1. (informal) ARoman numeral representingnine hundred ninety-nine (999).

See also

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English

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Adjective

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im (notcomparable)

  1. (medicine)Initialism ofintramuscular.
    Alternative forms:IM,I.M.,i.m.
    • 1999, Carrie J. Bagatell, William J. Bremmer, “Androgen and Estrogen Effects on Plasma Lipids in Men”, in Leonard Share, editor,Hormones and the Heart in Health and Disease (Contemporary Endocrinology;21), Totowa, NJ:Humana Press,→ISBN,page237:
      In the past few years, T patches have also been released for prescription usage. Both scrotally applied and nonscrotally applied vehicles are available. These forms of delivery offer more constant T levels and avoid the inconvenience ofim injection.

Contraction

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im

  1. Misspelling ofI'm.

Afar

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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ím m 

  1. thing

Synonyms

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References

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  • Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015)L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)[5], Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis)

Albanian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology 1

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Demonstrative pronounProto-Albanian*is + (unstressed) 1st sg. pronounProto-Albanian*me, fromProto-Indo-European*is andProto-Indo-European*me.[1][2]

Pronoun

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im m (accusative/dative/ablativetim,genitive(i) tim,nominative, accusative plurale mi,genitive plural(i) të mi,dative/ablative pluraltë mi)[3][4][5]

  1. my,ofmine(possessive pronoun innominative form,adjectival aspect)[6][7]
    1.1. possessivepronoun placed →after noun, gender of the pronoun agrees with the gender of possessum/noun:
    (Gheg)syni ẽm (jẽm)(one/an) eyeof mine (one ofmy eye)
    1.1.b.definite/singular noun +im m (Gheg: withjẽm m; a compound of prepositive articlei + pronounẽm m):
    libriimthe bookof mine (my book)
    syriimmy eye
    (Gheg) synii ẽm (synijẽm)my eye
    atiim, vëllaiim, biriimmy father,my brother,my son
    1.2.a.indefinite/plural noun + (linking morpheme) + (pronoun)mi m:
    dy sytë mi(two) bothof my eyes
    1.2.b.definite/plural noun + (link. morph.)e +mi m:
    librate mimy books (the booksof mine)
    sytëe mimy (the eyesof mine)
  2. my(possessive pronoun,adjectival aspect)
    2.1.pronoun placed →before noun, pronoun gender agrees with possessum gender, →restricted tokinship terms, family members:
    2.1.a.indefinite/singular noun +im m:
    im gjysh,im atë,im birmy grandfather,my father,my son
    Im atë, i dashuri ati im.My father, my beloved father.
  3. mine(possessive pronoun,nominal aspect)
    3.1.pronoun stands alone, nominal declension of pronoun, pronoun gender agrees with possessum gender (fem. possessor → masc. possessum → masc. pronoun),im m (my) →imi m (mine):
    Singular:imimine
    (Gheg)iẽmi (jẽmi)(of/the)mine
    Plural:të mitëmine
    Ti jeimi m.You aremine.
    (Gheg) Ti jei mẽmi m (jẽmi).You are (of/the)mine.
    Ështëimi.It ismine.
    (Gheg) Õshtiẽmi (jẽmi).It is (of/the)mine.
Declension
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  • 1. Possessive pronouns(adjectival)
Declension ofim
singularplural
masculinefemininemasculinefeminine
nominativeimimeemiemia
accusativetimtimeemiemia
genitive/dative/ablativetimsimemimia
  • 2. Possessive pronouns(adjectival)

There are also alternative forms which can be used before the noun (which will be in the indefinite state). These forms are restricted to personal relationships like family members, for example:

  • im vëlla(my brother),ime motër(my sister)

These forms are limited to singulars.

pre-noun forms of im
masculinefeminine
nominativeimime
accusativetimtime
dativetimsime
  • 3. Possessive pronouns(nominal)
Declension ofimi
singularplural
masculinefemininemasculinefeminine
nominativeimiimjamitëmiat
accusativetimintimenmitëmiat
genitive/dative/ablativetimitsimesmivemiave

Noun

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im m (definiteimi,definite pluraltë mitë)[8]

  1. akinsman; amember of the sameclan,tribe orfamily(kinship, singular)
    Synonyms:afërm,fis,fisnik,kushëri
    Njëimi.Akinsman (Oneof mine).
  2. one's (own);kinsfolk;familymembers(kinship, plural)
    Synonyms:familje,familjarët,farefis,gjini
    A: Kush erdhi? - B: Erdhëntë mitë.A: Who came? - B:My family came.
  3. aclosefriend orpartner; abeloved andtrusted person(sg.+pl., person (or people) connected through relationship (or friendship))
    Synonyms:besnik,dashur,mik,shok
Related terms
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See also

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Albanian possessive determiners and pronouns
determinerspronouns
singularpluralsingularplural
1st personimynëimiyni
2nd personytjuajytijuaji
3rd personmitijityreitijiityri
fisajisaji
3rd person reflexiveivetiveti

Etymology 2

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Fromimë, a variant ofimtë(tiny, small).[9]

Verb

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im (aoristima,participleimur)

  1. (active voice,transitive) tocrumble,grind,shred,refine
    Synonyms:imtoj,imtësoj,bluaj,thërrmoj,zbërthej
Declension
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Standard Albanian conjugation ofim (active voice)
  • Show compound tenses: 

participleimur
gerundduke imur
infinitivepër të imur
singularplural
1st pers.2nd pers.3rd pers.1st pers.2nd pers.3rd pers.
indicativepresentimimimimimimniimin
imperfectimjaimjeimteimnimimnitimnin
aoristimaimeimiimëmimëtimën
perfectkam imurke imurka imurkemi imurkeni imurkanë imur
past perfectkisha imurkishe imurkishte imurkishim imurkishit imurkishin imur
aorist IIpata imurpate imurpati imurpatëm imurpatët imurpatën imur
future1do tëimdo tëimëshdo tëimëdo tëimimdo tëimnido tëimin
future perfect2do të kem imurdo të kesh imurdo të ketë imurdo të kemi imurdo të keni imurdo të kenë imur
subjunctivepresentimimëshimëimimimniimin
imperfectimjaimjeimteimnimimnitimnin
perfecttë kem imurtë kesh imurtë ketë imurtë kemi imurtë keni imurtë kenë imur
past perfecttë kisha imurtë kishe imurtë kishte imurtë kishim imurtë kishit imurtë kishin imur
conditional1, 2imperfectdo tëimjado tëimjedo tëimtedo tëimnimdo tëimnitdo tëimnin
past perfectdo të kisha imurdo të kishe imurdo të kishte imurdo të kishim imurdo të kishit imurdo të kishin imur
optativepresentimshaimshimtëimshimimshiimshin
perfectpaça imurpaç imurpastë imurpaçim imurpaçit imurpaçin imur
admirativepresentimkamimkeimkaimkemiimkeniimkan
imperfectimkëshaimkësheimkëshimkëshimimkëshitimkëshin
perfectpaskam imurpaske imurpaska imurpaskemi imurpaskeni imurpaskan imur
past perfectpaskësha imurpaskëshe imurpaskësh imurpaskëshim imurpaskëshit imurpaskëshin imur
imperativepresentimimni
1) indicative future identical with conditional present2) indicative future perfect identical with conditional perfect
  • (note: only 3rd person sg/pl passive forms; passiveimet(it is grinding))
Related terms
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References
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  1. ^Orel, Vladimir E. (2000)A concise historical grammar of the Albanian language: reconstruction of Proto-Albanian[1], Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill,→ISBN, page 241 → personal pronouns §3.2.4.1., from IE*me
  2. ^Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “pronounim (my)”, inAlbanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill,→ISBN, page154
  3. ^Oda Buchholz, Wilfried Fiedler, Gerda Uhlisch (2000)Langenscheidt Handwörterbuch Albanisch, Langenscheidt Verlag,→ISBN, page 196 → (m.) possessive pronounim (my) / (f.) poss. pronounime (my)
  4. ^Oda Buchholz, Wilfried Fiedler, Gerda Uhlisch (2000)Langenscheidt Handwörterbuch Albanisch, Langenscheidt Verlag,→ISBN, page 323 → (m.pl) possessive pronoun(e/të) mi (my, (of) mine); (f.pl) poss. pronoun(e/të mia (my, (of) mine)
  5. ^Oda Buchholz, Wilfried Fiedler, Gerda Uhlisch (2000)Langenscheidt Handwörterbuch Albanisch, Langenscheidt Verlag,→ISBN, page 570 → (m./sg.) dat./abl. possessive pronountim (my, of mine); genitive poss. pronoun(i) tim (my, of mine)
  6. ^Martin Camaj (1984)Albanian grammar: with exercises, chrestomathy and glossaries, Otto Harrassowitz Verlag, Wiesbaden,→ISBN, [[2] → (m.) possessive pronounsim, imi (my (of mine), mine);ime, imja (my (of mine), mine) (see → §134. - §136.: possessive pronouns and declension) pages102-103]
  7. ^Olga Mišeska Tomić (2006)Balkan Sprachbund, Morpho-syntactic Features, Springer Science & Business Media, The Netherlands,→ISBN, [[3] pages199-201]
  8. ^[4] 7.) m./sg. nounim/imi; f.sg. nounime/imja(kinsman, kinswoman) / m./pl. noun(të) mitë; f./pl. noun(të) mijat (kinfolks (m., f.)) • in FJALË, Fjalor Shqip (WORDS, Albanian Dictionary)
  9. ^Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “im”, inAlbanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill,→ISBN, page154
Further reading
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  • [6] (m.sg.) poss. pronounim (my) • Fjalori Shqip (Albanian Dictionary)
  • [7] (m.pl.) poss. pronoun(e) mi (my) • Fjalori Shqip (Albanian Dictionary)
  • [8] (f.sg.) poss. pronounime (my) • Fjalori Shqip (Albanian Dictionary)
  • [9] (f.pl.) poss. pronoun(e) mia (my) • Fjalori Shqip (Albanian Dictionary)

Degenan

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Noun

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im

  1. water

Further reading

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Dupaningan Agta

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Conjunction

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im

  1. but
  2. than (comparative marker)

German

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Etymology

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Contraction.

Pronunciation

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Contraction

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im

  1. Contraction ofindem;inthe

Usage notes

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  • The contractionim is obligatory when the definite article has nodeixis whatsoever. In this case it is ungrammatical to usein dem as separate words:
Wir sitzenim Garten.We're sittingin the garden.
Er arbeitetim technischen Bereich.He worksin the technical field.
  • On the other hand,im is usually not applicable when the definite article has an indicative function. This includes contexts in which English would use a demonstrative pronoun (“this” or “that”) but also some others. Particularly,in dem is used before adefining relative clause.
Indem Haus haben wir mal gewohnt.We used to live inthat house [over there].
Mein Großvater starb indem Haus, wo ich geboren wurde.My grandfather died inthe house where I was born.

Declension

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The prepositionin can be used with both accusative and dative objects, but it only contracts withdem asim and withdas asins. Thus, the combination ofin with the definite article has the following forms:

masculineneuterfeminineplural
accusativeindeninsindieindie
dativeimiminderinden

Gothic

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Romanization

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im

  1. Romanization of𐌹𐌼

Irish

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Etymology 1

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im

FromOld Irishimb,[1] fromProto-Celtic*amban (compareWelshymenyn), fromProto-Indo-European*h₃éngʷn̥ (compareLatinunguen(grease),Old High Germanancho(butter)).[2]

 
IrishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediaga

Pronunciation

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Noun

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im m (genitive singularime,nominative pluralimeanna)

  1. butter
Declension
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Declension ofim (second declension)
forms with thedefinite article
singularplural
nominativeant-imnahimeanna
genitiveanimenan-imeanna
dativeleis anim
donim
leis nahimeanna
Derived terms
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Further reading

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Etymology 2

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Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Contraction

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im (triggerslenition)

  1. (Munster)Contraction ofimo(in my).
    Chuireas an peannim phóca.
    I put the penin my pocket.
Related terms
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Irish preposition contractions
Basic formContracted withCopular forms
an(the sg)na(the pl)mo(my)do(your)a(his, her, their; which (present))ár(our)ar(which (past))(before consonant)(present/future before vowel)(past/conditional before vowel)
de(from)dendena
desna*
demo
dem*
dedo
ded*,det*
dárdardarbdarbh
do(to, for)dondona
dosna*
domo
dom*
dodo
dod*,dot*
dárdardarbdarbh
faoi(under, about)faoinfaoinafaoimofaoidofaoinafaoinárfaoinarfaoinarbfaoinarbh
i(in)sa,sansnaimo
im*
ido
id*,it*
inainárinarinarbinarbh
le(with)leisanleisnalemo
lem*
ledo
led*,let*
lenalenárlenarlenarblenarbh
ó(from, since)ónóna
ósna*
ómo
óm*
ódo
ód*,ót*
ónaónárónarónarbónarbh
trí(through)trídantrínatrímotrídotrínatrínártrínartrínarbtrínarbh
*Dialectal.

Etymology 3

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Preposition

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im (plus dative,triggerslenition,does not mutateb,m, orp)

  1. Alternative form ofum

Mutation

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Mutated forms ofim
radicaleclipsiswithh-prothesiswitht-prothesis
imn-imhimt-im

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

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  1. ^Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “imb, imm”, ineDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  2. ^Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*amben-”, inEtymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden:Brill,→ISBN,page69
  3. ^Breatnach, Risteard B. (1947)The Irish of Ring, Co. Waterford: A Phonetic Study, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies,→ISBN, section 106, page22
  4. ^Ó Cuív, Brian (1968)The Irish of West Muskerry, Co. Cork: A Phonetic Study, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies,→ISBN, section 57, page14; reprinted1988
  5. ^Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931)Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux,§ 134, page70
  6. ^Finck, F. N. (1899)Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), volume II, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page144
  7. ^Mhac an Fhailigh, Éamonn (1968)The Irish of Erris, Co. Mayo: A Phonemic Study, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, section 35, page11
  8. ^Quiggin, E. C. (1906)A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press,§ 101, page40

Iu Mien

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Etymology

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FromProto-Hmong-Mien*ʔim(bitter). Cognate withWhite Hmongiab andWestern Xiangxi Miao [Fenghuang]anb.

Adjective

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im 

  1. bitter

Jamaican Creole

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Derived fromEnglishhim.

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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im

  1. he
    Mekim tek weh himself.He needs to go away.
    • 2005, Kamau Brathwaite,The Development of Creole Society in Jamaica, 1770-1820 (in English),→ISBN, page239:
      “Anim seh, Yu nyaam me peas today? Him seh, nuo ma, me no eat non.[]
      Andhe said, did you eat my peas today? He said, no ma, I didn't eat them.[]
  2. him
    Shi sen' im a letter wah day.She senthim a letter recently.
    • 1984, Laura Tanna,Jamaican Folk Tales and Oral Histories (in Jamaican Creole),→ISBN, page11:
      “What de poor Bug do? Tekim pon im back an him travel, an him travel, an im travel.[]
      What did poor Bug do? He lethim go on his back and he travelled on and on.[]
  3. his
    Den im res' im han' pan di bench.Then he restedhis hand on the bench.
    • 1984, Laura Tanna,Jamaican Folk Tales and Oral Histories (in Jamaican Creole),→ISBN, page11:
      “What de poor Bug do? Tek im ponim back an him travel, an him travel, an im travel.[]
      What did poor Bug do? He let him go onhis back and he travelled on and on.[]
  4. her[1]
    'Im frack look good.Her dress looks good.
  5. she[2]
    Tanya deh yah? — Yeah, man.Im deh yah.Is Tanya here? — Yes, she's here.

Related terms

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References

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  1. ^Richard Allsopp, editor (1996),Dictionary of Caribbean English Usage, Kingston, Jamaica:University of the West Indies Press, published2003,→ISBN,page292
  2. ^Richard Allsopp, editor (1996),Dictionary of Caribbean English Usage, Kingston, Jamaica:University of the West Indies Press, published2003,→ISBN,page292

Further reading

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  • im at JamaicanPatwah.com
  • im at majstro.com

Livonian

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Alternative forms

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  • i'm

Etymology

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FromProto-Finnic*imeh.

Noun

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im

  1. miracle

Marshallese

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Alternative forms

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Conjunction

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im

  1. and

Etymology 2

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Noun

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im

  1. askirmish
  2. about
  3. abrawl
  4. aduel
  5. ariot
  6. ahassle

References

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Middle English

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Pronoun

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im

  1. Alternative form ofhim(him)

Nalca

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Noun

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im

  1. sky
  2. heaven

Derived terms

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Nigerian Pidgin

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Etymology

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FromEnglishhim.

Pronoun

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im

  1. he
  2. his
  3. she
  4. it

Northern Kurdish

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Verb

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im

  1. first-person singular present indicative ofbûn.
    Synonym:me

Old Irish

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Etymology

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Univerbation ofhi(in) +‎mo(my)

Pronunciation

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Determiner

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im

  1. inmy
    • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published inThesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb.14c23
      co beid .i. co mbed a ndéde sinim labrad-sa .i. gáuet fír .i. combad sain a n‑as·berin ó bélibet aní imme·rádin ó chridiu
      so that there may be, i.e. so that those two things might be in my speaking, namely false and true, i.e. so that what I might say with [my] mouth and what I might think with [my] heart might be different

Old Saxon

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromProto-Germanic*iz.

Pronoun

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im

  1. dative ofsia:them

Declension

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Old Saxon personal pronouns
nominativeaccusativedativegenitive
singular1st personik,me,mikmīn
2nd personthūthī,thikthīthīn
3rd
person
minaimuis
fsiusiairuira
nititis
dual1st personwitunkunkero,unka
2nd persongitinkinker,inka
plural1st person,weūs,unsikūsūser
2nd person,geeu,iu,iuueuwar,iuwer,iuwar,iuwero,iuwera
3rd
person
msiaimiro
fsia
nsiu

Descendants

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Pnar

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Etymology

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FromProto-Khasian*ʔim. Cognate withKhasiim andProto-Palaungic*ʔiːm(alive, raw) (whenceRiang [Sak]ʔiːm¹ andBlang [La Gang]ʔɪ́m).

Pronunciation

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Verb

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im

  1. tolive

Polish

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Conjunction

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im

  1. introduces a parallel, conditional, or comparative statement, placed before the thing being compared to
    im więcej..., tym mniej...the more..., the less...
    Im większy głód, tym lepiej smakuje.The greater the hunger, the better [the food] tastes.

Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the correspondinglemma form.

Pronoun

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im

  1. dative ofoni
  2. dative ofone
    Ktoś musiałim powiedzieć.Someone must have toldthem.

Further reading

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  • im in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Romanian

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Etymology

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Inherited fromLatinlīmus, fromProto-Indo-European*h₂leyH-(to smear).

Noun

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im n (pluralimuri)

  1. (uncommon,regional)mud,dirt,filth
    Synonyms:noroi,murdărie,nămol

Declension

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Declension ofim
singularplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominative-accusativeimimulimuriimurile
genitive-dativeimimuluiimuriimurilor
vocativeimuleimurilor

Related terms

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Scots

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Pronoun

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im

  1. (Southern Scots, personal)him

Verb

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im

  1. (Southern Scots) First person singular simple present form oftibe

See also

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Serbo-Croatian

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Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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im (Cyrillic spellingим)

  1. tothem (cliticdativeplural ofȏn(he))
  2. tothem (cliticdativeplural ofòno(it))
  3. tothem (cliticdativeplural ofòna(she))
  4. (clitic,emphatic, possessive, dative)their, oftheirs
    Gdjeim je auto?
    Where is their car?

Declension

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    Inflection of 3rd-person pronouns
SingularPlural
MasculineFeminineNeuterMasculineFeminineNeuter
nominativeȏnònaònoòniòneòna
genitivenjȅga,ganjȇ,jenjȅga,ganjȋh,ihnjȋh,ihnjȋh,ih
dativenjȅmu,munjȏj,jojnjȅmu,munjȉma,imnjȉma,imnjȉma,im
accusativenjȅga,ga,njnjȗ,ju,jenjȅga,ga,njnjȋh,ihnjȋh,ihnjȋh,ih
vocative
locativenjȅm,njȅmunjȏjnjȅm,njȅmunjȉmanjȉmanjȉma
instrumentalnjȋm,njímenjȏm,njómenjȋm,njímenjȉmanjȉmanjȉma

Slovak

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Alternative forms

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  • nim(after prepositions)

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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im

  1. dative ofoni andony

Somali

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Etymology

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This verb has been postulated to have a Semitic origin due to its frequent usage with verbal prefixes common in Semitic languages such astimid(you came),yimid(he came),timid(she came), in which caseGe'ezእም(əm,from) is the likeliest source. Others posit these linguistic features to be remnants ofProto-Cushitic.

Verb

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im/imaad

  1. tocome from; toarrive from somewhere

Sumerian

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Romanization

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im

  1. Romanization of𒅎(im)
  2. Romanization of𒉎(im)

Vietnamese

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Pronunciation

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Adjective

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im (,,,,)

  1. calm;silent;quiet; not talking anymore

Derived terms

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Anagrams

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Welsh

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Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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im

  1. (literary)first-personsingular ofi
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