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Wiktionary

e


eU+0065,e
LATIN SMALL LETTER E
d
[U+0064]
Basic Latinf
[U+0066]
Languages (122)
Translingual • English
Afar • Afrikaans • Ainu • Albanian • Alemannic German • Angolar • Aromanian • Azerbaijani • Basque • Breton • Catalan • Central Mazahua • Chinese • Corsican • Czech • Dalmatian • Dutch • Emilian • Esperanto • Estonian • Fala • Faroese • Finnish • French • Friulian • Fula • Galician • Gothic • Guinea-Bissau Creole • Gun • Hawaiian • Hungarian • Iau • Icelandic • Ido • Igbo • Indo-Portuguese • Indonesian • Interlingua • Irish • Istriot • Italian • Italiot Greek • Japanese • Kabuverdianu • Kaingang • Kankanaey • Kapampangan • Kashubian • Kosraean • Latin • Latvian • Ligurian • Livonian • Lule Sami • Malay • Maltese • Mandarin • Mauritian Creole • Mbyá Guaraní • Middle English • Middle Low German • Mokilese • Navajo • Neapolitan • North Frisian • Norwegian • Norwegian Bokmål • Norwegian Nynorsk • Nupe • Nzadi • Occitan • Old French • Old Galician-Portuguese • Old Occitan • Old Spanish • Ometepec Nahuatl • Papiamentu • Pohnpeian • Polish • Portuguese • Rapa Nui • Rawang • Romagnol • Romani • Romanian • Samoan • Sardinian • Sassarese • Scottish Gaelic • Serbo-Croatian • Sicilian • Silesian • Skolt Sami • Slovak • Slovene • Spanish • Sranan Tongo • Sumerian • Swedish • Tagalog • Tahitian • Teop • Tlingit • Tokelauan • Tongan • Tooro • Turkish • Turkmen • Tuvaluan • Vietnamese • Vilamovian • Volapük • Welsh • West Makian • Yele • Yola • Yoruba • Zazaki • Zulu
Page categories

Contents

Translingual

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology

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 Modification of capital letterE inuncial script, fromAncient GreekΕ(E,epsilon).

Pronunciation

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  • Pronunciation of IPA[eː]:(file)

Letter

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e (upper caseE)

  1. The fifth letter of thebasic modern Latin alphabet.

See also

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Symbol

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e

  1. (mathematics) The base ofnatural logarithms, also known asEuler's number, atranscendental number with a value of approximately 2.718281828459…
  2. (sciences,computing) Symbol separatingmantissa from theexponent inscientific notation.
    1.2566e−6 = 1.2566 × 10−6
  3. (IPA) aclose-mid front unrounded vowel.
  4. (superscript,IPA)[e]-coloring or a weak, fleeting, epenthetic or echo[e].
  5. (algebra,group theory)identity element.
    ae =ea =a
  6. (physics)Electron.
    Coordinate terms:p,n
  7. (physics)Elementary charge.
  8. (mathematics)Eccentricity.
    • 2006 August, Alexander V. Krivov, Artem G. Feofilov, Valeri V. Dikarev, “Search for the putative dust belts of Mars: The late 2007 opportunity”, inPlanetary and Space Science, volume54, numbers9–10 (in English),→DOI, page873:
      In addition, we included here another effect—the modulation of the radiation pressure force by the orbital eccentricity of Mars,eM=0.093{\displaystyle e_{M}=0.093} —an effect, whose existence was first pointed out by Juhász and Horányi (1995)[]
  9. (materials science)Engineering strain.
    Coordinate term:ε(true strain)

Usage notes

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In the sense as a mathematical constant, the symbol is traditionally represented in an italic font.

Synonyms

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  • (scientific notation):E
  • (electron):e⁻
  • (identity element):1,(chiefly matrices)I

Gallery

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  • Letter styles
  • Uppercase and lowercase versions ofE, in normal and italic type
  • Uppercase and lowercaseE inFraktur
  • Approximate form of upper case letter E inuncial script that was the source for lower case e

See also

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Other representations of E:

English

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Etymology 1

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The letter name is ultimately fromLatinē. Use of the Latin letter in (Old) English displaced, in whole or in part, fivefuthorc letters in the 7th century:(e),(æ),(ea),(eo), and(œ).

Pronunciation

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  • (letter name):IPA(key):/ˈiː/
  • (phoneme):IPA(key):/ɛ/,/iː/,/ɪ/,/ə/,/eɪ/
    • In addition to the phonemes noted above, "e" can also be silent, representing no sound itself but indicating which phoneme another letter in the word represents. See the article "Silent e" on Wikipedia.

Letter

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e (lower case,upper caseE,pluralesore's)

  1. The fifthletter of the Englishalphabet, callede and written in theLatin script.
Coordinate terms
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Derived terms
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Number

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e (lower case,upper caseE)

  1. Theordinal numberfifth, derived from thisletter of the Englishalphabet, callede and written in theLatin script.

Noun

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e (pluralees)

  1. The name of theLatin-script letterE/e.
Alternative forms
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Coordinate terms
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Etymology 2

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From a deliberateapheresis of bothhe andshe.

Pronoun

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EnglishWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

e (third-person singular, nominative case,accusativeem,possessive adjectiveeir,possessive nouneirs,reflexiveemself)

  1. (rare,epicene,nonstandard)Agender-neutral third-person singular subject pronoun, equivalent to the singularthey and coordinate with gendered pronounshe andshe.
    • 2000, Jane Love, “Ethics, Plugged and Unplugged: The Pegagogy of Disorderly Conduct”, in James A. Inman, Donna N. Sewell, editors,Taking flight with OWLs: Examining Electronic Writing Center Work, Taylor & Francis,→ISBN,→OL,LCCPE1414.T24 1999,page193:
      E invitesem to consider howey represent emselves[sic], and in so doing,e focuseseir attention on the ethics that make human relations possible.
    • 2023, Aimee Ogden, “A Half-Remembered World”,The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction, vol. 145, no. 1-2, whole no. 768 (July/August 2023), pages 146-202
      Empre waded out to help them cross the last stretch. More people, a few hundred, perhaps, had gathered along the shore. One of them came running at Melu with a cry—she threw up her arms in defense. But it was Aeran, only Aeran.E seized Asu and clasped her close, eir eyes closed tightly ase sobbed eir relief.
Synonyms
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Translations

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Etymology 3

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Abbreviations.

  1. (Stenoscript) a word-initial letter ⟨e⟩
  2. (Stenoscript) the long vowel /iː/ at the end of a word, or before a final consonant that is not /dʒ, v, z/. (Note: the final consonant is not written; [ɪə˞] counts as /iːr/.)
  3. (Stenoscript) the wordshe,me

Afar

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Letter

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e

  1. The fifthletter of the Afaralphabet, written in theLatin script.

See also

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Afrikaans

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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e (plurale's,diminutivee'tjie)

  1. The name of theLatin-script letterE/e.

Ainu

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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e (Kana spelling)

  1. (transitive) toeat

Synonyms

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See also

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  • ku(to drink)

Albanian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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Conjunction

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e

  1. and
  2. also

Related terms

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Pronoun

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e m orf orn

  1. Third-person singular accusative-case pronominal clitic(him, her, it)
    E di. / S'e di.
    I knowit. / I don't knowit.
    E bleva.
    I boughtit.

e

  1. (of)
    Besae shqiptarit nuk shitet pazarit.
    The honorof an Albanian can not be sold or bought in a bazaar.

Article

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e

  1. adjectival article for:
    1. definite masculine singular adjectives in all accusative case
    2. indefinite feminine singular adjectives in the nominative case
    3. definite plural and feminine singular adjectives in the nominative and accusative cases

Related terms

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See also

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Forms of the adjectival articles
masculinefeminineneuterplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefiniteindefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominativeiieee
accusativeeee
dative and ablative
Note that regardless of the definite state of the noun being described, the definite articles are only used whenimmediately following a definite-form noun. If two adjectives (or other words that use these articles) come back to back, the second word's article will be indefinite.

Notice that while both adjectives require the adjectival article and the same masculine plural agreement, only the first adjectival article takes its definite form, as the second is not in the immediate environment of the modified definite noun.

References

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  1. ^Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “Conjunctione (and also)”, inAlbanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill,→ISBN, page85

Alemannic German

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Etymology

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(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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Article

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e f

  1. (indefinite)a/an

Declension

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This entry needs aninflection-table template.

Angolar

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Etymology

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(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Pronoun

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e

  1. he

Aromanian

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Etymology

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FromLatinet.

Conjunction

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e

  1. and
  2. but
  3. or

Synonyms

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Azerbaijani

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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elower case (upper caseE)

  1. The sixthletter of the Azerbaijanialphabet, written in theLatin script.

See also

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Basque

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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e (lower case,upper caseE)

  1. The fifthletter of the Basquealphabet, callede and written in theLatin script.

See also

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Noun

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e (indeclinable)

  1. The name of theLatin-script letterE/e.

See also

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Breton

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Etymology 1

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(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Pronoun

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e

  1. his

Etymology 2

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FromProto-Brythonic*ɨn, fromProto-Celtic*eni.

Preposition

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e

  1. in
Inflection
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Usage notes
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It contracts with the articles, seeel,en ander.

Catalan

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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e (lower case,upper caseE)

  1. The fifthletter of the Catalanalphabet, callede and written in theLatin script.

See also

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Central Mazahua

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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e (upper caseE)

  1. A letter of theMazahua alphabet.

See also

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Chinese

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Etymology 1

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(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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Prefix

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e

  1. e-(electronic)

Etymology 2

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From clipping ofEnglishemail.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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e

  1. (Hong Kong Cantonese) toemail

Corsican

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Etymology

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From the earlierle.

Pronunciation

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Article

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e pl (masculine singularu,feminine singulara,masculine plurali)

  1. the(feminine plural)

Usage notes

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  • Before a vowel,e turns intol'.

Pronoun

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e pl

  1. them(feminine direct object)

Usage notes

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  • Before a vowel,e turns intol'.

See also

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Corsican personal pronouns
nominativedativeaccusativedisjunctive
singular1st personeiumi
2nd personti
3rd personmelluliu,l'ellu
fellaa,l'ella
plural1st personnoicinoi
2nd personvoivivoi
3rd personmellilii,l'elli
fellee,l'elle

References

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Czech

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Letter

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e (lower case,upper caseE)

  1. The eighthletter of the Czechalphabet, written in theLatin script.

See also

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Dalmatian

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Etymology

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FromLatinet.

Conjunction

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e

  1. and

Dutch

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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e (lower case,upper caseE)

  1. the fifth letter of the Dutch alphabet

See also

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  • Previous letter:d
  • Next letter:f

Emilian

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Etymology

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FromLatinet, ultimately fromProto-Indo-European*éti.

Pronunciation

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Conjunction

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e

  1. and

Esperanto

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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e (lower case,upper caseE)

  1. The sixthletter of the Esperantoalphabet, callede and written in theLatin script.

See also

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Noun

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e (accusative singulare-on,plurale-oj,accusative plurale-ojn)

  1. The name of theLatin-script letterE/e.

See also

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Estonian

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EstonianWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediaet

Pronunciation

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Letter

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e (lower case,upper caseE)

  1. The fifthletter of the Estonianalphabet, calledee and written in theLatin script.

Conjunction

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e

  1. Abbreviation ofehk;or,a.k.a.

See also

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Fala

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Conjunction

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e

  1. Alternative form ofi

Faroese

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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e (upper caseE)

  1. The sixthletter of the Faroesealphabet, written in theLatin script.

See also

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Finnish

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Etymology 1

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The Finnish orthography using the Latin script was based on those of Swedish, German and Latin, and was first used in the mid-16th century. No earlier script is known. Seethe Wikipedia article on Finnish for more information, ande for information on the development of the glyph itself.

Pronunciation

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Letter

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e (lower case,upper caseE)

  1. The fifthletter of the Finnishalphabet, calledee and written in theLatin script.
See also
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Etymology 2

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German musical notation.

Noun

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e

  1. (music)E(note)
Usage notes
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Capitalized for the great octave or any octave below that, or in names of major keys; not capitalized for the small octave or any octave above that, or in names of minor keys.

Declension
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Inflection ofe (Kotus type 18/maa)
singularplural
nominativeee:t
genitivee:ne:iden
e:itten
partitivee:täe:itä
accusativee
e:n
e:t
inessivee:ssäe:issä
elativee:stäe:istä
illativee:hene:ihin
adessivee:lläe:illä
ablativee:ltäe:iltä
allativee:llee:ille
essivee:näe:inä
translativee:ksie:iksi
abessivee:ttäe:ittä
instructivee:in
comitativee:ineen
Derived terms
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French

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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e m (plurale)

  1. The name of theLatin-script letterE/e.

Derived terms

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Friulian

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Etymology

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FromLatinet.

Conjunction

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e

  1. and

Fula

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Etymology 1

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SeeTranslingual section.

Letter

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e (lower case,upper caseE)

  1. Aletter of the Fulaalphabet, written in theLatin script.
Usage notes
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See also
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Etymology 2

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(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Conjunction

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e

  1. and
  2. with
Usage notes
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  • Common to all varieties ofFula (Fulfulde /Pulaar /Pular).
  • In writing, some add an "h" before and even also after the "e":he,heh. Not sure these would count as variants.

Galician

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Etymology 1

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FromLatinet.

Pronunciation

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Conjunction

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e

  1. and
    Túa irmáe eu fomos ceare despois ao cine.
    Your sisterand I went to have dinnerand then to the cinema.

Etymology 2

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SeeTranslingual section.

Pronunciation

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Letter

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e (lower case,upper caseE)

  1. The fifthletter of the Galicianalphabet, written in theLatin script.

Noun

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e m (plurales)

  1. e(name of the letter E, e)
See also
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Further reading

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Gothic

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Romanization

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e

  1. Romanization of𐌴

Guinea-Bissau Creole

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Etymology

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FromPortuguesee. Cognate withKabuverdianue.

Conjunction

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e

  1. and

Gun

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Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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é

  1. she,he,it (third-person singular personal pronoun)

Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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e

  1. her,him,it (third-person singular personal object pronoun)

See also

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Gungbe personal pronouns
NumberPersonEmphatic PronounSubject PronounObject PronounPossessive Determiner
SingularFirstnyɛ́,yẹ́nùn,nmi,ṣié
Secondjɛ̀,jẹ̀,yẹ̀,hiẹ̀àtòwè
Thirdéɔ̀,úɔ̀,éwọ̀éèétɔ̀n,étọ̀n
PluralFirstmílɛ́,mílẹ́mítɔ̀n,mítọ̀n
Secondmìlɛ́,mìlẹ́mìtɔ̀n,mìtọ̀n
Thirdyélɛ́,yélẹ́yétɔ̀n,yétọ̀n

Hawaiian

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Etymology

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(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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Particle

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e

  1. used to mark the following verb as an infinitive;to
  2. used before a name, a noun or a phrase to address someone or something

Preposition

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e

  1. by(indicating the agent of a verb in the passive voice)

Hungarian

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Etymology 1

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FromProto-Uralic*e-. Cognates includeFinnishettä andEstonianet.[1]

Pronunciation

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Determiner

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e (demonstrative)

  1. (chieflyarchaic, except before consonant-initial words, as a counterpart ofez)this
    Synonyms:eme,(only determiners; both are archaic or formal)ezen
    aze heti hírekthis week’s news
    e világiofthis world, worldly, mundane
    E házban lakott Petőfi Sándor.Sándor Petőfi lived inthis house.
    E mellett a ház mellett vártam rá.I waited for him/her next tothis house.

Pronoun

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e

  1. (archaic, except before most consonant-initial postpositions)this
    Itt a mozi,e mellett lakunk mi.Here is the cinema; we live next tothis.
    • 1836, Mihály Vörösmarty,Szózat[2](Appeal)[3]
      A nagy világone kivűl / Nincsen számodra hely;
      In the great world outside ofhere / There is no place for you
      (“E kívül” would beezen kívül in present-day Hungarian, formed fromez.)
Usage notes
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A rarer substitute ofez, but unlikeez, it does not take the case of the noun it is attached to, and no definite article is used:

ezen a helyen ― e helyenat this place (literally, “on this place”)
ebben a házban ― e házbanin this house

Most consonant-initial postpositions can takee, e.g.e nélkül, e helyett, seePronominal adverbs from postpositions, in the column “that one, this one”. On the other hand, vowel-initial postpositions takeez (e.g.ez alatt, ez iránt).

Interjection

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e

  1. (folksy)look!,hey!(expressing surprise or wanting to get attention)
    E!Hát Józsi meg hová tűnt?Hey! Where is Joe?
    Itt van,e!(informal)Here it is.

Etymology 2

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SeeTranslingual section.

Pronunciation

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  • (letter or phoneme itself; identifier):IPA(key):[ˈɛː][2]
  • (musical note):IPA(key):[ˈeː](in the names of minor scales; see alsoE)

Letter

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e (lower case,upper caseE)

  1. The ninthletter of the Hungarianalphabet, callede and written in theLatin script.
Declension
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Possessive forms ofe
possessorsingle possessionmultiple possessions
1st person sing.e-me-im
2nd person sing.e-de-id
3rd person sing.e-jee-i
1st person plurale-nke-ink
2nd person plurale-teke-itek
3rd person plurale-jüke-ik
Derived terms
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See also

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References

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  1. ^Entry #125 inUralonet, online Uralic etymological database of theHungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
  2. ^Siptár, Péter and Miklós Törkenczy.The Phonology of Hungarian. The Phonology of the World’s Languages. Oxford University Press, 2007.→ISBN, p. 280

Further reading

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  • (sound, letter, abbreviation):e ,(musical note, its symbol or key/position):e ,(pronoun,alternative form ofez):e ,(folksy interjection pointing at something nearby):e ,(interjection, rarealternative form ofeh):e inGéza Bárczi,László Országh,et al., editors,A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962.Fifth ed., 1992:→ISBN.
  • e inNóra Ittzés, editor,A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031(work in progress; publisheda–ez as of 2024).

Iau

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Noun

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e

  1. water

Further reading

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  • Bill Palmer,The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area (→ISBN, 2017), page 531, table 95,Comparative basic vocabulary in Lakes Plain Languages

Icelandic

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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e (upper caseE)

  1. The sixthletter of the Icelandicalphabet, written in theLatin script.

See also

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Ido

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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e (upper caseE)

  1. The fifthletter of the Idoalphabet, written in theLatin script.

See also

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Conjunction

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e

  1. Apocopic form ofed

Related terms

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  • a(to)
  • o(or)

Igbo

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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e (upper caseE,lower casee)

  1. The fifthletter of the Igboalphabet, written in theLatin script.

Alternative forms

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  • a (retracted tongue position)

Pronoun

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e

  1. (indefinite)somebody,one,they,people (an unspecified individual).

Usage notes

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  • Often gets translated into English with the passive voice.

See also

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Igbo personal pronouns
dependentindependentobject/possessive
Singularfirstm,a/e- ... -mm,mụ
second,ingị,gịgị
third,oya
Pluralfirstanyị
secondụnụ
thirdha,a/e- ... -haha
Indefinitea/e--

Indo-Portuguese

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Etymology

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FromPortuguesee(and).

Conjunction

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e

  1. and(expresses two elements to be taken together or in addition to each other)
    • 1883, Hugo Schuchardt,Kreolische Studien, volume 3:
      Trasê tamêm um vaquinh bem gorde matá par nós comêe par nós regalá
      Bring also a small and very fat cowand kill (it) for us to eatand for us to feast on

Indonesian

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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e (lower case,upper caseE)

  1. The fifthletter of the Indonesianalphabet, written in theLatin script.

See also

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Interlingua

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Alternative forms

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Conjunction

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e

  1. and

Irish

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Letter

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e (lower case,upper caseE)

  1. The fifthletter of the Irishalphabet, written in theLatin script.

See also

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Istriot

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Etymology

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FromLatinet.

Conjunction

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e

  1. and
    • 1877, Antonio Ive,Canti popolari istriani: raccolti a Rovigno, volume 5, Ermanno Loescher, page128:
      Caro, cun quil visito biancoe russo.
      Dear, with that little whiteand red face.

Italian

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Etymology 1

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FromLatinē(the name of the letterE).

Pronunciation

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Letter

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e f orm (invariable,lower case,upper caseE)

  1. The fifthletter of the Italianalphabet, callede and written in theLatin script.

Noun

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e f (invariable)

  1. The name of theLatin-script letterE/e.;e
See also
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Etymology 2

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FromLatinet.[1]

Alternative forms

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  • ed(before a word starting with a vowel, especially /e ɛ/.)

Pronunciation

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Conjunction

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e

  1. and
  2. (archaic,literary)(e... e)both...andor just ...and(Can weclean up(+) this sense?)
    Synonyms:sia...che,sia...sia
    • 1300s–1310s,Dante Alighieri, “Canto I”, inInferno [Hell]‎[4], lines4–6; republished asGiorgio Petrocchi, editor,La Commedia secondo l'antica vulgata [The Commedia according to the ancient vulgate]‎[5], 2nd revised edition, Florence:publ.Le Lettere,1994:
      Ahi quanto adir qual era è cosaduraestaselva selvaggiaeaspraeforte ¶ che nel pensierrinova lapaura!
      Ah me! how hard a thing it is to say ¶ ⁠What was this forest savage, rough,and stern, ⁠¶ ⁠Which in the very thought renews the fear.
Usage notes
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References

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  1. ^Angelo Prati, "Vocabolario Etimologico Italiano", Torino, 1951

Further reading

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e inLuciano Canepari,Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)

Italiot Greek

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Etymology

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FromAncient Greekαἱ(hai).

Article

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e

  1. femininenominativeplural ofo

Japanese

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Romanization

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e

  1. Thehiragana syllable(e) or thekatakana syllable(e) inHepburn romanization.
  2. Thehiragana syllable(e) or thekatakana syllable(e) inHepburn romanization.(as particle)

Kabuverdianu

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Etymology

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FromPortuguesee.

Conjunction

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e

  1. and

Kaingang

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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e

  1. there aremany, there ismuch
  2. tobea lot (for someone); todisplease; tosurprise
    Ag mỹ tóge.
    Theywere surprised.
    (literally, “it was a lot for them.”)

References

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  • Ursula Gojtéj Wiesemann (2011) “e”, inDicionário Kaingang-Português Português-Kaingang[6], 2nd edition (overall work in Portuguese), Curitiba: Editora Esperança, page13.

Kankanaey

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromTagaloge. Letter pronunciation is influenced byEnglishe.

Pronunciation

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  • (letter name)IPA(key):/ˈʔi/[ˈʔi̞]
    • Rhymes:-i
    • Syllabification:e
  • (phoneme)

Letter

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eorë (lower case,upper caseE)

  1. The fifthletter of the Kankanaeyalphabet, calledi and written in theLatin script.

See also

edit

References

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  • Komisyon ng Wikang Filipino (2016)Ortograpiya di Kankanaëy [Kankanaey Orthography]‎[7] (in Kankanaey and Tagalog),→ISBN, pages10-11

Kapampangan

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Etymology

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Fromali orProto-Philippine*diq(particle of negation).

Prefix

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e

  1. un-,non-,in-
    Iyangemakapunta
    S/he'sUnable to go
    Taungeyakakit
    Invisible man
    Lugud aekalinguwan
    Unforgettable love
    Ekakabieng bage
    Nonliving things
    Emakasulung
    Unable to proceed

Kashubian

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Etymology

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The Kashubian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See theKashubian alphabet article on Wikipedia for more, ande for development of the glyph itself.

Letter

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e (lower case,upper caseE)

  1. The seventhletter of the Kashubianalphabet, written in theLatin script.

See also

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Kosraean

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Etymology

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FromProto-Oceanic*api, fromProto-Malayo-Polynesian*hapuy, fromProto-Austronesian*Sapuy. CompareMalayapi,Malagasyafo,Tsatpui³³,Palauanngau,Chuukeseááf,Tonganafi,Samoanafi andHawaiianahi.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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e

  1. fire

Latin

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Etymology 1

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(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Letter

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e

  1. A letter of the Latin alphabet.

Etymology 2

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(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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Noun

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ē f (indeclinable)

  1. The name of the letterE.
Coordinate terms
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References

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  • e inCharlton T. Lewis (1891)An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • "e", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’sGlossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • e inGaffiot, Félix (1934)Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • e inHarry Thurston Peck, editor (1898),Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • Arthur E. Gordon,The Letter Names of the Latin Alphabet (University of California Press, 1973; volume 9 ofUniversity of California Publications: Classical Studies), part III: “Summary of the Ancient Evidence”, page 32: "Clearly there is no question or doubt about the names of the vowels A, E, I, O, U. They are simply long A, long E, etc. (ā, ē, ī, ō, ū). Nor is there any uncertainty with respect to the six mutes B, C, D, G, P, T. Their names are bē, cē, dē, gē, pē, tē (each with a long E). Or about H, K, and Q: they are hā, kā, kū—each, again, with a long vowel sound."

Etymology 3

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Abbreviated fromex.

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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ē (+ablative)

  1. Alternative form ofex
Derived terms
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Related terms
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Latvian

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LatvianWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedialv

Etymology

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Proposed in 1908 as part of the new Latvian spelling by the scientific commission headed byK. Mīlenbahs, which was accepted and began to be taught in schools in 1909. Prior to that, Latvian had been written in GermanFraktur, and sporadically inCyrillic.

Pronunciation 1

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Letter

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E

e (lower case,upper caseE)

  1. The seventhletter of the Latvianalphabet, callede and written in theLatin script.
Usage notes
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The letterE/e (like its long counterpartĒ/ē) represent two sounds,[ɛ]šaurais e(narrow e) — and[æ]platais e(broad e). In principle,[ɛ] is used when there is a palatal element (the vowelsi,ī,e,ē, the diphthongsie,ei, and the palatal consonantsj,ķ,ģ,ļ,ņ,š,ž,č,, and, in the old spelling,ŗ) either in the same or in the following syllable; otherwise,[æ] is used. Unfortunately, some historical changes have obscured this pattern by removing some previously existing palatal elements; as a result of that, for a number of words the actual pronunciation of the lettere[ɛ] or[æ] — must be memorized.

See also
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Pronunciation 2

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Noun

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e m (invariable)

  1. The Latvian name of theLatin script letterE/e.
See also
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Ligurian

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromLatinet, fromProto-Indo-European*éti(beyond, over).

Conjunction

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e

  1. and

Etymology 2

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FromLatinillae.

Article

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e pl (singulara)

  1. the

Inflection

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Ligurian definite articles
singularplural
masculineoi
feminineae

Livonian

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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e (upper caseE)

  1. The eighthletter of the Livonianalphabet, written in theLatin script.

See also

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Lule Sami

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Etymology

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(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Verb

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e

  1. third-personpluralpresent ofij

Malay

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Letter

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e (lower case,upper caseE)

  1. The fifthletter of the Malayalphabet, written in theLatin script.

See also

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Maltese

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Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key):/ɛ/(short phoneme)
  • IPA(key):/a/(some speakers; when following in an unstressed final syllable)
  • IPA(key):/ɛː/(long phoneme)
  • In inherited words, longe occurs only next to vowelised orh. In Romance words, it can be long on its own.

Letter

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e (lower case,upper caseE)

  1. The fifthletter of the Maltesealphabet, written in theLatin script.
See also
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Etymology 2

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Onomatopoeic. CompareItalianeh andEnglisheh.

Interjection

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e

  1. In isolation, a request forrepetition orclarification of what has just been said:eh,what
    Synonyms:xiex,x’inhu
  2. Used as atag question, to emphasise what goes before or to request that the listener express an opinion about what has been said:eh
  3. Used to express dissent
Alternative forms
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Mandarin

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Romanization

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e (e5 /e0,Zhuyin˙ㄜ)

  1. Hanyu Pinyin reading of

e

  1. Nonstandard spelling ofē.
  2. Nonstandard spelling ofé.
  3. Nonstandard spelling ofě.
  4. Nonstandard spelling ofè.
  5. Nonstandard spelling ofê̄.
  6. Nonstandard spelling ofế.
  7. Nonstandard spelling ofê̌.
  8. Nonstandard spelling of.

Usage notes

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  • 《汉语拼音方案》 (Scheme for the Chinese Phonetic Alphabet) defines a standard pronunciation for each letter in Hanyu Pinyin withZhuyin.(/⁠ɛ⁠/) typically only occurs in syllables with an initial glide (e.g.ㄧㄝ(-ie/⁠i̯ɛ⁠/)), where it is romanized ase. When it occurs in syllables without an initial glide, however, it is romanized asê in order to distinguish it from(-e/⁠ɤ⁠/). Such instances are rare, and are only found in interjections or neologisms.
  • Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the criticaltonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

Mauritian Creole

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Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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e

  1. the fifth letter of the modernLatin alphabet

Etymology 2

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FromFrenchet.

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Conjunction

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e

  1. and

Mbyá Guaraní

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Adjective

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e

  1. tasty,delicious

Middle English

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Etymology 1

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Pronoun

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e

  1. Alternative form ofI(I)

Etymology 2

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Pronoun

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e

  1. Alternative form ofhe(he)

Etymology 3

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Pronoun

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e

  1. Alternative form ofhe(they)

Middle Low German

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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FromProto-Germanic*aiwaz, whence also Old Norseei.

Adverb

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ê

  1. always

Descendants

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  • German Low German:Ehe

Mokilese

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Noun

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e (constructehn)

  1. leg

Inflection

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Possessive forms ofe (inalienable possession, -n/long vowel stem)
singular
possessor
first personehioa
second personehmwen
third personehn
dual
possessors
first person inclusiveehsa
first person exclusiveehma
second personehmwa
third personehra
plural
possessors
first person inclusiveehsai
first person exclusiveehmai
second personehmwai
third personehrai
remote plural
possessors
first person inclusiveehs
first person exclusiveehmi
second personehmwi
third personehr
construct formehn

Derived terms

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Navajo

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Letter

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e

  1. The eighth letter of theNavajo alphabet:
    e =/ɛ˨/
    ę =/ɛ̃˨/
    é =/ɛ˥/
    ę́ =/ɛ̃˥/
    ee =/ɛː˨˨/
    ęę =/ɛ̃ː˨˨/
    ée =/ɛː˥˨/
    ę́ę =/ɛ̃ː˥˨/
    eé =/ɛː˨˥/
    ęę́ =/ɛ̃ː˨˥/
    éé =/ɛː˥˥/
    ę́ę́ =/ɛ̃ː˥˥/

Neapolitan

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromLatinde.

Alternative forms

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'e

Preposition

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e

  1. of(used to express ownership)

Etymology 2

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FromLatinet.

Conjunction

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e

  1. and

North Frisian

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key):[ə],[ɐ](reduced vowel)
  • IPA(key):[ɛ](short full vowel)
  • IPA(key):[eː](long vowel, speltee)

Letter

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e (lower case,upper caseE)

  1. Aletter of the North Frisianalphabet, written in theLatin script.

Usage notes

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  • In monosyllables, final ⟨e⟩ is pronounced[e], except on Sylt, where it is[ɛ].
  • The reduced vowel is lowered to[ɐ] when followed bycodar⟩. In the insular dialects, the same usually happens also before any other coda consonant (except ⟨l,n⟩, which becomesyllabic instead).
  • Mooring Frisian represents[ɛ] exclusively by ⟨ä⟩, whereas the insular dialects represent[ə] by ⟨i⟩ in certain positions (see there).
  • Föhr-Amrum Frisian uses ⟨ei, eu⟩ for the diphthongs[aɪ̯],[ɔɪ̯] as in German. The other dialects spell phonetically ⟨ai, oi⟩.

See also

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Norwegian

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Etymology

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SeeTranslingual section.

Pronunciation

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  • (letter name):IPA(key):/eː/
  • (phoneme):IPA(key):/eː/,/e/,/ɛ/,/ə/,/æ/

Letter

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e

  1. The fifth letter of the Norwegian alphabet

Usage notes

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  • /ə/ only appears in unstressed syllables.

Inflection

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Inflection ofe
indefinite singulardefinite singularindefinite pluraldefinite plural
Bokmålmee-ene-ere-ene
Nynorskmee-ene-are-ane

Norwegian Bokmål

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Article

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e

  1. (non-standard since 1938)Alternative form ofei

Norwegian Nynorsk

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Etymology 1

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FromOld Norseer.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key):/eː/,/e/,/ɛ/,/ə/,/æ/

Verb

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e

  1. (dialectal,colloquial)Apocopic form ofer,present ofvera

Etymology 2

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Pronoun

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e

  1. (dialectal, parts of Trøndelag and Western Norway)pronunciation spelling ofeg(I).

Nupe

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Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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e (lower case,upper caseE)

  1. The sixthletter of the Nupealphabet, written in theLatin script.
See also
edit

Etymology 2

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Clipping of.

Pronunciation

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Particle

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è

  1. Marks theimperfective aspect, for actions that are not completed.

Nzadi

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Particle

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é

  1. Used to link a possessed noun to its possessor.

Usage notes

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This particle accompanies several tonal changes, as well as a simplification or elision of the coda of the possessed noun in some cases. Many nouns can be linked directly in possessive constructions without using this particle, chiefly those that denotes humans or animals when used in the singular, although it is impossible to predict exactly which nouns will follow which pattern based on semantics, ancestral noun class, or morphology.

Further reading

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  • Crane, Thera, Larry Hyman, Simon Nsielanga Tukumu (2011)A grammar of Nzadi[B.865]: a Bantu language of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press,→ISBN

Occitan

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Etymology 1

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FromOld Occitane, fromLatinet.

Conjunction

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e

  1. and

Etymology 2

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Noun

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e f (plurales)

  1. e(the letter e, E)

Old French

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Conjunction

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e

  1. Alternative form ofet

Old Galician-Portuguese

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Etymology 1

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FromLatinet, fromProto-Indo-European*éti.

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Conjunction

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e

  1. and(expresses two elements to be taken together or in addition to each other)
Descendants
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  • Fala:i
  • Galician:e
  • Portuguese:e
    • Guinea-Bissau Creole:i,e
    • Indo-Portuguese:e
    • Kabuverdianu:y,i,e
    • Papiamentu:i,y

Etymology 2

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Alternative form ofé

Verb

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e

  1. Alternative form ofé

Old Occitan

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Etymology

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FromLatinet.

Conjunction

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e

  1. and

Descendants

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  • Occitan:e

Old Spanish

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Alternative forms

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  • é(alternative spelling)
  • ed,et(alternative forms)
  • i

Etymology

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FromLatinet, fromProto-Indo-European*éti.

Pronunciation

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Conjunction

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e

  1. and
    • c. 1200: Almerich,Fazienda de Ultramar, f. 64v.
      e el reẏ con ſana q́ auie mando que mataſen todos los ſabios de babilonnae demandaron a danele aſos conpaneros por matar
      And the king, full of anger, ordered all the wise men of Babylon be put to death,and they sought Danieland his companions to put them to death.

Descendants

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  • Spanish:y,e

Ometepec Nahuatl

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Noun

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e

  1. bean.

Papiamentu

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Etymology 1

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FromPortugueseele andSpanishél andKabuverdianuel.

Pronoun

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e

  1. he,she, third person singular.

Etymology 2

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FromPortugueseeste andSpanisheste andKabuverdianues.

Article

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e

  1. the(definite article)

Pohnpeian

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Etymology 1

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(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Pronoun

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e

  1. he,she,it, third person pronoun

Etymology 2

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(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Alternative forms

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Determiner

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e

  1. his,her,hers,its, third person possessive pronoun
    Liho iangeh pwoud.
    The woman joined her husband.

Etymology 3

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OfOnomatopoeic origin.

Interjection

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e

  1. what, in response to being called

Polish

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Etymology

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The Polish orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See thehistory of Polish orthography article on Wikipedia for more, ande for development of the glyph itself.

Pronunciation

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Letter

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e (lower case,upper caseE)

  1. The seventhletter of the Polishalphabet, callede and written in theLatin script.

See also

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Interjection

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e

  1. (colloquial)hey!(used to call someone's attention)

Portuguese

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Etymology 1

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FromOld Galician-Portuguesee(and), fromLatinet(and), fromProto-Indo-European*éti.

Pronunciation

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Conjunction

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e

  1. and(connects two clauses indicating that the events occurred together, one after the other or without any special implication)
    Synonym:&
    Eu vime eles saíram.
    I cameand they left.
  2. and(connects the last and penultimate elements in a list)
    Eue ele vamos embora.
    Heand I are going away.
    Tenho quatro frutas: uma maçã, uma pera, uma laranjae uma uva.
    I have four fruits: an apple, a pear, an orangeand a grape.
  3. what about
    Synonym:e quanto a
    Você vai viajar sozinho?E a sua esposa?
    You're going to travel alone?What about your wife?
  4. (emphatic)and(connects every element of a list)
    Ela é baixa,e burra,e preguiçosa,e feia.
    She is short,and stupid,and lazy,and ugly.
  5. (logic)and(indicates a conjunction operation)
    Verdadeiroe falso dá falso.
    Trueand false yields false.
  6. (in the format “X e X”)and(indicates a great number of something)
    Esperei por anose anos.
    I waited for yearsand years.
Quotations
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For quotations using this term, seeCitations:e.

Descendants
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  • Guinea-Bissau Creole:i,e
  • Indo-Portuguese:e
  • Kabuverdianu:y,i,e
  • Papiamentu:i,y

Noun

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e m (uncountable)

  1. (logic)and,conjunction
Quotations
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For quotations using this term, seeCitations:e.

Etymology 2

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SeeTranslingual section.

Pronunciation

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  • Hyphenation:e

Letter:

Noun:

Letter

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e (lower case,upper caseE)

  1. The fifthletter of the Portuguesealphabet, written in theLatin script.
See also
edit

Etymology 3

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Abbreviation ofeste

Noun

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e m (uncountable)

  1. Abbreviation ofeste(east)

Etymology 4

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Verb

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e

  1. (Internetslang,text messaging)Alternative form ofé(is)

Rapa Nui

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromProto-Polynesian*e. Cognates includeHawaiiane andMaorie.

Particle

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e

  1. Used to mark the subject of a non-stative verb.
  2. Used to form avocative of the following (proper) noun.
Usage notes
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  • The particle is only obligatory when used with verbs describing first-hand sensing:
    He tike'a koee au.I see you.
  • With other verbs,e has an emphatic undertone.

Etymology 2

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FromProto-Polynesian*e. Cognates includeHawaiiane andMaorie.

Particle

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e

  1. Used to indicate theimperfective aspect.
  2. Used to indicate theexhortative mood.
  3. Used before numerals to formcardinal numbers.

References

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  • Veronica Du Feu (1996)Rapanui (Descriptive Grammars), Routledge,→ISBN, page67
  • Paulus Kieviet (2017)A grammar of Rapa Nui[8], Berlin: Language Science Press,→ISBN, pages323, 381

Rawang

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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e

  1. toexist.

Suffix

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e

  1. verbal suffix for marking non-past declarative clause.

Romagnol

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Etymology

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From an earlierei, fromel.

Article

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e m

  1. Alternative form ofe’(the)

Romani

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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e (lower case,upper caseE)

  1. (International Standard)The seventhletter of the Romanialphabet, written in theLatin script.
  2. (Pan-Vlax)The eighthletter of the Romanialphabet, written in theLatin script.

See also

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Romanian

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Etymology 1

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SeeTranslingual section.

Pronunciation

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Letter

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e (lower case,upper caseE)

  1. The seventhletter of the Romanianalphabet, callede and written in theLatin script.
Usage notes
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SeeE for pronunciation notes.

See also
edit

Noun

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e n (plurale-uri)

  1. The name of theLatin-script letterE/e.
Declension
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Declension ofe
singularplural
indefinitedefiniteindefinitedefinite
nominative-accusativeee-ule-urie-urile
genitive-dativeee-uluie-urie-urilor
vocativee-ulee-urilor

Etymology 2

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(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Interjection

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e

  1. expression of annoyance, irritation
  2. expression of boredom, indifference
  3. (when prolonged…eee)expression of surprise, satisfaction, admiration

Etymology 3

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FromLatinest.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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e

  1. (informal)third-personsingularpresentindicative offi
    Synonyms:este,(regional)îi,(familiar)-i
    Ele un copil.
    Heis a child.

Etymology 4

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FromLatinet.

Conjunction

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e

  1. (obsolete)and
    Synonym:și
  2. (obsolete)but
    Synonyms:dar,iar

Samoan

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Etymology

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(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Preposition

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e

  1. by (a person or animate object)

Sardinian

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Etymology

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FromLatinet, ultimately fromProto-Indo-European*éti.

Pronunciation

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Conjunction

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e

  1. and

Sassarese

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Etymology

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FromLatinet, ultimately fromProto-Indo-European*éti or*h₁eti.

Pronunciation

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Conjunction

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e

  1. and

Scottish Gaelic

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Etymology 1

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Letter

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e (lower case,upper caseE)

  1. The fifthletter of the Scottish Gaelicalphabet, written in theLatin script.It is preceded byd and followed byf. Its traditional name iseadha(aspen).
See also
edit

Etymology 2

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FromOld Irishé. Cognates includeIrishé andManxeh.

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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e (emphaticesan)

  1. third-person masculine pronoun;he,him,it
See also
edit
Scottish Gaelic personal pronouns
simpleemphatic
singularpluralsingularplural
first personmisinnmisesinne
second personthu,tu1sibh2thusa,tusa1sibhse2
third
person
meiadesaniadsan
fiise

1 Used when following a verb ending in-n,-s or-dh.
2sibh andsibhse also act as the polite singular pronouns.
To mark a direct object of a verbal noun, the derivatives ofgam are used.

References

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  1. ^Oftedal, M. (1956)A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. III: The Gaelic of Leurbost, Isle of Lewis, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
  2. ^John MacPherson (1945)The Gaelic dialect of North Uist (Thesis)‎[1], Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh
  3. ^Mac Gill-Fhinnein, Gordon (1966)Gàidhlig Uidhist a Deas, Dublin: Institiúid Ard-Léinn Bhaile Átha Cliath
  4. ^Roy Wentworth (2003)Gaelic Words and Phrases From Wester Ross / Faclan is Abairtean à Ros an Iar, Inverness: CLÀR,→ISBN
  5. ^Borgstrøm, Carl Hj. (1937)The dialect of Barra in the Outer Hebrides, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap

Further reading

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  • Edward Dwelly (1911) “e”, inFaclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎[9], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited,→ISBN
  • Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 é, hé”, ineDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Serbo-Croatian

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Etymology 1

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SeeTranslingual section.

Alternative forms

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  • (uppercase):E

Pronunciation

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Letter

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e (Cyrillic spellingе)

  1. The 9th letter of the Serbo-Croatian Latin alphabet (gajica), preceded byđ and followed byf.
Usage notes
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Its name isе/e/ and it has the sound ofe innet.

Etymology 2

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Variant ofej orhej

Interjection

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e (Cyrillic spellingе)

  1. (rare)well,now
  2. (informal, at the beginning of the sentence)hey
  3. (informal, at the beginning of the sentence)Used to emphasize the sentence
    E, šta ima?Hey, what's up?
  4. (informal, at the beginning of the sentence)Used to express surprise
    E, otkud ti?Hey, where did you come from?
  5. (informal, at the beginning of the sentence)Used to get attention or change the topic of conversation, especially if followed bya(and; but)
    E, a vidi ovo.And look at this.

Sicilian

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Etymology

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FromLatinet, ultimately fromProto-Indo-European*éti.

Pronunciation

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Conjunction

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e

  1. and

Silesian

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Etymology

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The Silesian orthography is based on the Latin alphabet. No earlier script is known. See theSilesian language article on Wikipedia for more, ande for development of the glyph itself.

Letter

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e (lower case,upper caseE)

  1. The seventhletter of the Silesianalphabet, written in theLatin script.

See also

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Skolt Sami

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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e (upper caseE)

  1. The tenthletter of the Skolt Samialphabet, written in theLatin script.

See also

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Slovak

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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e (upper caseE)

  1. The tenthletter of the Slovakalphabet, written in theLatin script.

See also

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Slovene

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SloveneWikipedia has an article on:
Wikipediasl

Alternative forms

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  • є(Metelko alphabet)
  • ȩ(Ramovš transcription)

Etymology 1

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From Gaj's Latin alphabete, fromCzech alphabete, from Latine, which is a modification of capital letterE inuncial script, fromAncient GreekΕ(E,Epsilon).

Pronunciation

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  • (phoneme, Standard Slovene):IPA(key):/éː/,/èː/,/ɛ́/,/ɛ́ː/,/ɛ̀ː/,/ə́/,/ə̀/,/e/,/ɛ/,[ɪ́],[ɪ̀],[é̞],[è̞]
  • (phoneme, Resian):IPA(key):/ɛ/
  • (phoneme, Natisone Valley dialect):IPA(key):/ɛː/,/ɛ/,/ɛ̆/
  • (letter name):IPA(key):/èː/,/éː/
  • (letter name, archaic):IPA(key):/ɛ̀ː/,/ɛ́ː/
  • Audio(letter name, non-tonal):(file)
  • Rhymes:-eː,-ɛː
  • Homophones:e,E

Letter

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e (lower case,upper caseE)

  1. The sixthletter of the Slovenealphabet, written in theLatin script.
  2. The eighthletter of the Slovenealphabet (Resian), written in theLatin script.
  3. The sixthletter of the Slovenealphabet (Natisone Valley dialect), written in theLatin script.
Derived terms
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Symbol

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e

  1. (Logar transcription, transcription for standard Slovene)Phonetictranscription of sound[ɛ].
    Synonyms:ȩ,ɛ

Noun

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e inan orn

  1. The name of theLatin script letterE /e.

Usage notes

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Nowadays, it is hardly ever neuter gender, so it is considered obsolete.[1]

Declension

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  • Overall more common
 
Thediacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.
Masculine inan., soft o-stem
nom. sing.e
gen. sing.e-ja
singulardualplural
nominative
(imenovȃlnik)
ee-jae-ji
genitive
(rodȋlnik)
e-jae-jeve-jev
dative
(dajȃlnik)
e-jue-jemae-jem
accusative
(tožȋlnik)
ee-jae-je
locative
(mẹ̑stnik)
e-jue-jihe-jih
instrumental
(orọ̑dnik)
e-jeme-jemae-ji
  • More common when with a definite adjective
Masculine inan., no endings
nom. sing.e
gen. sing.e
singulardualplural
nominativeeee
accusativeeee
genitiveeee
dativeeee
locativeeee
instrumentaleee
  • Obsolete
Neuter, no endings
nom. sing.e
gen. sing.e
singulardualplural
nominativeeee
accusativeeee
genitiveeee
dativeeee
locativeeee
instrumentaleee

Etymology 2

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Variant ofej orhej

Pronunciation

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Interjection

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e

  1. (informal, rare, at the beginning of sentences)Used to express happiness when saying something
    E, do smrti bom živel!
    Hey, I will live till I die!
  2. (informal, at the beginning of sentences)Used to express uneasyness
    E, da, seveda.
    Um, sure, of course
  3. (informal, rare, at the end of sentences)Used to form questions
    Synonym:a
    Kdo je to naredil,e?
    Who did that,huh?

Etymology 3

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(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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Interjection

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e

  1. (informal, at the beginning of sentences)Used to express indifference to what was said before
    Synonyms:eh,ah
    E, ga bo že minilo!
    Whatever, he will get over it?
  2. (informal, at the beginning of sentences)Used to express unhappiness
    E, pa kaj še!
    Yeah, sure!

See also

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References

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  1. ^Toporišič, Jože (2000)Slovenska slovnica / Jože Toporišič. - 4. prenovljena in razširjena izd. (in Slovene), Maribor: Obzorja,→ISBN
  • Krvina, Domen, Žele, Andreja (2017)O MEDMETIH, ZLASTI O NJIHOVIH RAZLOČEVALNIH LASTNOSTIH: POUDARJEN SLOVARSKI VIDIK[10] (in Slovene)
  • Kenda-Jež, Karmen (2017 February 27)Fonetična trankripcija [Phonetic transcription]‎[11] (in Slovene), Znanstvenoraziskovalni centerSAZU, Inštitut za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša, archived fromthe original onJanuary 22, 2022, pages27–30

Further reading

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  • e”, inSlovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU (in Slovene),2014–2025

Spanish

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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SeeTranslingual section.

Letter

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e (lower case,upper caseE)

  1. The fifthletter of the Spanishalphabet, written in theLatin script.

Noun

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e f (plurales)

  1. Name of the letterE

Etymology 2

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Latinet

Alternative forms

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Conjunction

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e

  1. and
    Yo hablo francése inglés.
    I speak Frenchand English.
    Iberia, Air Europae Easyjet.
    Iberia, Air Europaand Easyjet.
Usage notes
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  • Used instead ofy when the following word starts with the vowel sound/i/.
See also
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Sranan Tongo

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Etymology

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Reduced form ofde(to be)

Particle

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e

  1. Verbal marker for continuous aspect.

Sumerian

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Romanization

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e

  1. Romanization of𒂊

Swedish

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Etymology 1

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SeeTranslingual section.

Pronunciation

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Letter

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e (lower case,upper caseE)

  1. The fifthletter of the Swedishalphabet, callede and written in theLatin script.
See also
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Etymology 2

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Verb

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e

  1. (colloquial,Internetslang,text messaging)Pronunciation spelling ofär.
    • 2014 January 17, Veronica Maggio, “Hela huset”‎[12] ft. Håkan Hellström:
      Går runt i t-shirt oche trött
      Walking tired around in a t-shirt
Derived terms
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Etymology 3

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FromOld Norseæ,ei,ey, fromProto-Germanic*aiwi(forever),*aiwaz.

Adverb

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e (notcomparable)

  1. (archaic)forever,ever
    Synonym:alltid
Related terms
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Tagalog

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed fromSpanishe. Each pronunciation has a different source:

  • Filipino alphabet pronunciation is influenced byEnglishe.
  • Abakada alphabet pronunciation is influenced by theBaybayin character(i).
  • Abecedario pronunciation is fromSpanishe.

Pronunciation

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  • (Standard Tagalog)
    • IPA(key):/ˈʔi/[ˈʔi](letter name, Filipino alphabet)
    • IPA(key):/ˈʔe/[ˈʔɛ](letter name, Abakada alphabet, Abecedario)
    • IPA(key):/ˈe/[ˈɛ](phoneme, stressed or unstressed)
  • Syllabification:e

Letter

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e (lower case,upper caseE,Baybayin spelling)

  1. The fifthletter of the Tagalogalphabet (theFilipino alphabet), calledi and written in theLatin script.
  2. The fifthletter of the Tagalogalphabet (theAbakada alphabet), callede and written in theLatin script.
  3. (historical)The sixthletter of the Tagalogalphabet (theAbecedario), callede and written in theLatin script.

See also

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Noun

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e (Baybayin spelling)

  1. the name of theLatin-script letterE/e, in theAbakada alphabet
    Synonym:(in the Filipino alphabet)i
  2. (historical)the name of theLatin-script letterE/e, in theAbecedario
    Synonym:(in the Filipino alphabet)i

See also

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Etymology 2

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CompareSpanisheh andEnglisheh.

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Interjection

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e (Baybayin spelling)(informal)

  1. Used toacknowledge astatement orsituation:well;so
    E, ganoone!
    Well, it's like that!
    E, ano ngayon?
    So, what now?
    Nandoon siya,e.
    Well, he/she was/is there.
  2. Used torhetorically expresssurprise orsuspicion:so;oh;well
    E, sino naman 'yun?
    Oh so then, who was that?
    E, ikaw lang din naman 'yun.
    Well anyways, that was also only just you.
  3. Used to expressindignance:well;but
    E, hindi mo naman kinailangan gawin iyon.
    But, you didn't need to do that.
  4. Used tointroduce thecontinuation ofnarration from apreviousunderstoodpoint:and;well;so
    E, magkano naman ito?
    And, how much is this one?
See also
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Etymology 3

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Pronunciation

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Particle

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e (Baybayin spelling)

  1. Alternative form ofay

Further reading

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  • e”, inPambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila,2018

Tahitian

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Etymology

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(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Particle

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e

  1. indicates that an action isunfinished when inserted before the verb

See also

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Teop

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Etymology

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(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Pronoun

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e

  1. him,her,it (third-person pronoun, objective case, singular)

Further reading

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Tlingit

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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e (upper caseE)

  1. Aletter of the Tlingitalphabet, written in theLatin script.

See also

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Tokelauan

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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FromProto-Polynesian*e. Cognates includeHawaiiane andSamoane.

Preposition

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e

  1. Marks the subject of a transitive verb;by

Etymology 2

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FromProto-Polynesian*e. Cognates includeHawaiiane andSamoane.

Particle

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e

  1. Indicates indefinite present tense.
    • 1948,Tūlāfono fakavae a Tokelau [Constitution of Tokelau]‎[13], page 1:
      Ko kimatou, ia tagata o Tokelau,e takutino
      We, the people of Tokelau, (do) speak openly
  2. Indicates future tense.

References

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  • R. Simona, editor (1986),Tokelau Dictionary[14], Auckland: Office of Tokelau Affairs, page24

Tongan

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Etymology

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(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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e

  1. by

Tooro

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Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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-e (declinable)

  1. his,her(class 1 possessive pronoun)

Usage notes

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  • This modifier, when used in the indefinite forms, causes the word before it to move its high tone to the ultimate syllable.

Inflection

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See also

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Tooro personal pronouns
classpersonindependentpossessivesubject
concord
object
concord
combined forms
nani
class 1firstnyowe,nye-angen--n-nanyowe,nanyeninyowe,ninye
secondiwe-aweo--ku-naiweniiwe
thirduwe-ea--mu-nawenuwe
class 2firstitwe-aitutu--tu-naitweniitwe
secondinywe-anyumu--ba-nainyweniinywe
thirdabo-aboba--ba-nabonubo
class 3gwo-agwogu--gu-nagwonugwo
class 4yo-ayoe--gi-nayoniyo
class 5lyo-alyoli--li-nalyoniryo
class 6go-agoga--ga-nagonugo
class 7kyo-akyoki--ki-nakyonikyo
class 8byo-abyobi--bi-nabyonibyo
class 9yo-ayoe--gi-nayoniyo
class 10zo-azozi--zi-nazonizo
class 11rwo-arworu--ru-narwonurwo
class 12ko-akoka--ka-nakonuko
class 13two-atwotu--tu-natwonutwo
class 14bwo-abwobu--bu-nabwonubwo
class 15kwo-akwoku--ku-nakwonukwo
class 16ho-ahoha--ha-nahonuho
class 17(kwo)N/Aha-
(...-yo)
-ha-N/Anukwo
class 18(mwo)-amwoha-
(...-mu)
-ha-N/Anumwo
reflexive-enyini,-onyini-e-

References

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  • Kaji, Shigeki (2007)A Rutooro Vocabulary[15], Tokyo: Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA),→ISBN, page420

Turkish

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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e (lower case,upper caseE)

  1. The sixthletter of the Turkishalphabet, callede and written in theLatin script.

See also

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Noun

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e

  1. The name of theLatin-script letterE/e.

See also

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Turkmen

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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e (upper caseE)

  1. The fifthletter of the Turkmenalphabet, callede and written in theLatin script.

See also

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Tuvaluan

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Etymology

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(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Particle

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e

  1. present tense marker, inserted immediately before the relevant verb

Vietnamese

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Borrowed fromPortugueseé.

Letter

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e (lower case,upper caseE)

  1. The eighthletter of the Vietnamesealphabet, callede and written in theLatin script.

See also

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Noun

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e

  1. The name of theLatin-script letterE/e.

Etymology 2

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ComparePacohe(to guard, to watch over).

Verb

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e (,,𢙬,𠵱,𠲖,)

  1. tofear; to beapprehensive, to beafraid
    Tôie cô ta không đến.
    I am afraid she will not come.
  2. to be slightlyashamed
See also
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Etymology 3

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Pronoun

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e

  1. (slang,Internet,text messaging)Abbreviation ofem.

References

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Vilamovian

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Etymology

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Inherited fromMiddle High Germanei, fromOld High Germanei. Cognate withGermanEi.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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e n

  1. egg

Volapük

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Alternative forms

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  • (before a vowel)ed

Etymology

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(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Conjunction

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e

  1. and
    • 1932, Arie de Jong,Leerboek der Wereldtaal, page12:
      Liegikanse pöfikans binons deadöfiks.
      Rich peopleand poor people are mortal.

Related terms

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Welsh

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Etymology 1

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Alternative forms

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  • (withgrave accent to indicate otherwise unpredictable short vowel):è
  • (withacute accent to indicate unusually stressed short vowel):é
  • (withcircumflex to indicate otherwise unpredictable or unusually stressed long vowel):ê
  • (withdiaeresis to indicate disyllabicity):ë

Pronunciation

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Letter

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e (lower case,upper caseE)

  1. The seventhletter of the Welshalphabet, callede and written in theLatin script.It is preceded bydd and followed byf.
Mutation
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  • e cannot be mutated but, being a vowel, does takeh-prothesis, for example with the wordeliffant(elephant):
Mutated forms ofeliffant
radicalsoftnasalh-prothesis
eliffantunchangedunchangedheliffant

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Derived terms
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See also
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Noun

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e f (pluraleau)

  1. The name of theLatin-script letterE/e.

Mutation

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Mutated forms ofe
radicalsoftnasalh-prothesis
eunchangedunchangedhe

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

See also

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Etymology 2

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Reduction of literaryef

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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e

  1. he,him
Usage notes
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E is used predominantly in the south of Wales, whileo is used in the north, withfe andfo as variants ofe ando respectively. In formal Welsh, the equivalent pronoun isef.

West Makian

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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e

  1. (transitive) tofetch
  2. (transitive) totake

Conjugation

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Conjugation ofe (action verb)
singularplural
inclusiveexclusive
1st personteemeeae
2nd personneefee
3rd personinanimateiedee
animate
imperativenee,efee,e

References

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  • Clemens Voorhoeve (1982)The Makian languages and their neighbours[16], Pacific linguistics

Yele

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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e

  1. A letter of theYele alphabet.

Derived terms

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  • The digraphee transcribes the long vowel/ɛː/
  • The digraph꞉e transcribes the nasal vowel/ɛ̃/
  • The trigraph꞉ee transcribes the long nasal vowel/ɛ̃ː/

See also

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Yola

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Article

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e

  1. Alternative form ofa(one)
    • 1927, “YOLA ZONG O BARONY VORTH”, inTHE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page132, line11:
      Fan the loughraan itzel feighte big bawl,
      When the ghost itself gavea loud bawl,

References

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  • Kathleen A. Browne (1927) “THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD.”, inJournal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of lreland (Sixth Series)‎[17], volume17, number 2, Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, page132

Yoruba

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Etymology 1

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Pronunciation

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Letter

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e (lower case,upper caseE)

  1. The fourthletter of the Yorubaalphabet, calledé and written in theLatin script.

Noun

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é

  1. The name of theLatin-script letterE/e.

See also

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Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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e

  1. him,her,it(third-person singular object pronoun following amonosyllabic verb with a high-tone /e/)

Pronoun

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é

  1. him,her,it(third-person singular object pronoun following amonosyllabic verb with a low- or mid-tone /e/)

Zazaki

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Etymology

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(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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 This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with theIPA then please add some!

Interjection

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e

  1. yes

Particle

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e

  1. yes

Antonyms

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Zulu

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Letter

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e (lower case,upper caseE)

  1. The fifthletter of the Zulualphabet, written in theLatin script.

See also

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