• (Received Pronunciation)IPA^(key):/dɒn/
• (General American)IPA^(key):/dɑn/

• Audio(US):

  (file)

• Homophones:Don;dawn(cot–caught merger)
• Rhymes:-ɒn

FromLatindominus(“lord, head of household”), akin toItaliandon,Siciliandon,Spanishdon; fromdomus(“house”).Doublet ofdom,domine,dominie, anddominus.

don (pluraldons)

2. Auniversity professor, particularly one atOxford orCambridge.
   • 1859–1861, [Thomas Hughes], chapter I, inTom Brown at Oxford: […], part 1st, Boston, Mass.:Ticknor and Fields, published1861,→OCLC,page12:

     No one feeds at the high table except thedons and the gentlemen-commoners, who are undergraduates in velvet caps and silk gowns[.]

   • 1876,George Eliot [pseudonym; Mary Ann Evans], chapter XVI, inDaniel Deronda, volume I, Edinburgh; London:William Blackwood and Sons,→OCLC, book II (Meeting Streams),page321:

     The truth is, unless a man can get the prestige and income of aDon and write donnish books, it’s hardly worth while for him to make a Greek and Latin machine of himself and be able to spin you out pages of the Greek dramatists at any verse you’ll give him as a cue.

3. An employee of a university residence who lives among the student residents.
4. Amafia boss.
5. A (usuallySpanish orItalian) title of respect to a man, especially alord ornobleman.

   Coordinate term:donna

   • 1845 September, Charles F. Ellerman, “Reminiscences of the Island of Cuba”, inSimmonds’s Colonial Magazine, volume VI, number21, London, chapter VIII (Mrs. Smith seized withfuror scribendi, writes a lengthy Epistle to her dear Cousin Mrs. Margery Stubbs),page79:

     Wo often of an evening go and hear the band in the square opposite the captin-giniral’s palace—it is here were thedons and donnas and all the fashionables assemble, and I must say it’s amusing.

   • 1906 August, Harry H. Dunn, “Afoot in California”, inWestern Field, volume 9, number 1, San Francisco, Calif.,page481, column 1:

     Time was when the walker amid California vales could stop at some cool cellar hid in these western hills and pour from great flagons a shimmering glass of cool red wine. Nowadays, the hand of the law has stepped in and spoiled all this, because the hordes of wanderers who have come west have made of these resting places questionable resorts—made of them places that the Spanishdons and donnas never dreamed of.

   • 2019, Caleb Stewart Rossiter, “Taking the Handles: Debating History and Morality”, inThe Turkey and the Eagle: The Struggle for America’s Global Role, New York, N.Y.: Algora Publishing,→ISBN,page283:

     A sustained media campaign against American domination would require the support of just a few dot-comdons and donnas or hedge fund phenoms who want to head straight for structural change and skip the reformist way stations supported by philanthropic business leaders like Bill Gates, Warren Buffett, Ben Cohen, Gary Hirshberg, and the later[ ]Paul Newman’s family.

6. (MLE) Anyman,bloke,dude.

   Synonym:donny

   • 2017 October 31,Loski, “Olympic Chinging”‎^[1],from 1:55:

     I’m confused like who’s thisdon
     .22 bells and that who’s on

• donzel

FromMiddle Englishdon(“to put on”), fromOld Englishdōn on; equivalent todo +‎on. Compare alsodoff,dup,dout.

don (third-person singular simple presentdons,present participledonning,simple past and past participledonned)

1. (transitive) Toput onclothing; todress (oneself) in an article of personalattire.

   Synonyms:put on,clothe,dight,enrobe;see alsoThesaurus:clothe

   Antonym:doff

   Todon one's clothes.

   • 1886-88,Richard Francis Burton,The Supplemental Nights to the Thousand Nights and a Night:

     Now when he had reached the King's capital wherein was Alaeddin, he alighted at one of the Kháns; and, when he had rested from the weariness of wayfare, hedonned his dress and went down to wander about the streets, where he never passed a group without hearing them prate about the pavilion and its grandeur and vaunt the beauty of Alaeddin and his lovesomeness, his liberality and generosity, his fine manners and his good morals.

   • 2022 March 23, Paul Bigland, “HS2 is just 'passing through'”, inRAIL, number953, page41:

     Havingdonned our PPE, we walk through the site to the prefab that controls access to the tunnel.

• put on
• wear

• ram-don(etymologically unrelated)

• NOD,ODN,nod

• do(Standard Albanian)

Gheg variant of Standard Albaniando(“(it) wants, needs, loves, likes”) anddo(“you want, need, love, like”).

don (aoristdashta,participledashtë)(Gheg forms)

1. youwant,need

   Adon me shkue?(Gheg) ―Doyouwant to go?

2. youlike

   Rita edon Gjergjin.(Gheg) ―Ritalikes/wants George.

3. youlove
4. itwants,needs
5. itlikes
6. itloves

• Standard Albanian conjugation:

• Audio:

  (file)

FromProto-Turkic*tōn. Cognate withChuvashтум(tum).

don (definite accusativedonu,pluraldonlar)

1. dress(worn by women)

   Synonym:paltar

2. gown(loose, flowing upper garment)
3. (figurative)raiment,attire,garb,habiliments
4. appearance,look(of a person)

• donatmaq(“adorn”)(dialectal)
  • donanmaq
• donlu

• donanma(“fleet; navy”)

FromProto-Turkic*doŋ(“frozen; frost”). SeeBashkirтуң(tuñ) for more cognates.

don (comparativedaha don,superlativeən don)

1. frozen,congealed

don (definite accusativedonu,pluraldonlar)

1. frost
2. ice-coveredground,black ice

• donmaq
  • dondurmaq
    • dondurma(“ice-cream”)

• “don” inObastan.com.

• IPA^(key):[dõ˦õ˨]

don

1. day

don (tonedòn)

1. (intransitive) toenter
2. (transitive) to put (something into something)
3. to put on, wear (of clothing)

• donda

don (tonedòn)

1. marks the predicate

• 2007.The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.

FromProto-Brythonic*duβn, fromProto-Celtic*dubnos, fromProto-Indo-European*dʰubʰnós.

don

1. deep

FromProto-Philippine*dahun, fromProto-Malayo-Polynesian*dahun.

dön

1. leaf(of a plant)

Borrowed fromSpanishdon, which is fromLatindominus(“lord”).

• IPA^(key):[ˈdon]
• Rhymes:-on

don m anim

1. (in Italian environment)(Originally a title of honour of the Pope, later used for all priests and later for aristocrats)

   don Giovanni ―(please add an English translation of this usage example)

2. (Spanish noble title)[19th c.]
3. (title of respect in front of Spanish given names)

   don José ―(please add an English translation of this usage example)

4. don(maffia boss)
   • 2003, Miroslav Nožina,Mezinárodní organizovaný zločin v České republice, Themis,→ISBN, page156:

     Roku 1876 mafiánský don Raffaele Palizollo reformoval dosavadní strategii nevměšování se mafie do veřejného života.

     In 1876 mafia don Raffaele Palizollo reformed the previous strategy of mafia not interfering into public affairs.

   • 2012, Hana Pernicová, transl.,Kolumbova záhada‎^[2], Ostrava: Domino, translation of original by Steve Berry,→ISBN, page412:

     Simon se zatvářil stejně jako drogový don před čtyřmi dny.

     Simon had the same expression as the drug mafia don four days ago.

• Rejzek, Jiří (2015) “don”, inČeský etymologický slovník [Czech Etymological Dictionary] (in Czech), 3rd (revised and expanded) edition, Praha: LEDA,→ISBN, page153
• "don" in Věra Petráčková, Jiří Kraus et al.Akademický slovník cizích slov. Academia, 1995,ISBN 80-200-0497-1, page 175.
• “don”, inPříruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech),1935–1957
• “don”, inSlovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech),1960–1971, 1989

• dno

FromProto-Philippine*dahun, fromProto-Malayo-Polynesian*dahun.

don

1. leaf(of a plant)

Inherited fromOld Frenchdon, fromLatindōnum.

• IPA^(key):/dɔ̃/

• Audio(France):

  (file)

• Homophones:dom,dons,dont

don m (pluraldons)

1. gift,talent,knack
2. gift (present)
3. donation

   Merci pour votredon !

   Thank you for yourdonation!

• don de sang
• don du ciel

• faire don

• “don”, inTrésor de la langue française informatisé[Digitized Treasury of the French Language],2012.

FromLate Latindomnus, fromLatindominus(“lord”). Cognates includeSpanishdon.

don m (pluraldons,femininedona,feminine pluraldonas)

1. sir,mister

• (courtesy treatment):señor

• dono

• “don”, inDicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña:Royal Galician Academy,2012–2025

• do’n(superseded)
• ’on(colloquial)

• IPA^(key):/d̪ˠənˠ/
• (Galway)IPA^(key):/ɡənˠ/

don

1. Contraction ofdoan.

   Thug médon bhuachaill é. ―I gave it to the boy.

   Tá mé ag duldon Spáinn. ―I'm going to Spain.

This contraction is obligatory, i.e. *do an never appears uncontracted. It triggerslenition of a following consonant other thand,s, ort.

FromOld Irishdon(“misfortune, evil”).

• IPA^(key):/d̪ˠɔnˠ/
• (Ulster)IPA^(key):/d̪ˠʌnˠ/

don

1. misfortune

Used only in a few stock maledictions such asDo dhon is do dhuais ort!,Don is duais ort!,Mo dhon is mo dhograinn ort! (all basically "bad luck to you!") andDon d’fhiafraí ort!(“Don’t be so inquisitive!”).

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “don”, inFoclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm,→ISBN
• de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “don”, inEnglish-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
• “don”, inNew English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge,2013–2025

• dom(archaic)

From a shortening of an earlierdonno, fromdom'no (used by Dante), fromLatindomnus <dominus. CompareSiciliandon.

• IPA^(key):/ˈdɔn/
• Rhymes:-ɔn
• Hyphenation:dòn

don m (invariable)

1. Father (a title given to priests)
2. a title of respect to a man

• → French:dom

• IPA^(key):/ˈdan/
• Hyphenation:don

Derived fromEnglishdon, particularly in the sense of acrimeboss.

don (pluraldon dem,quantifieddon)

1. don,leader,communityleader,crimeboss,head of agarrison

   Dem figet seh mi a di onedon?

   Have they forgotten that I'm the one true leader?

   From di word start go roun' seh him want turn didon, a whole heap a man start pree him and warn him fi be careful.

   As soon as word got around that he wanted to become the community leader, a lot of people took notice of him and warned him to be careful.

• don dada

Derived fromEnglishdone.

don

1. As anauxiliary verb:
   1. (auxiliary, taking apast tense) Used as aremotepastmarker
      • 2012,Di Jamiekan Nyuu Testiment, Edinburgh: DJB, published2012,→ISBN,Matyu 2:9:

        Afta demdon lisn di king, dem lef go we. Az dem a go bout dem bizniz so, no di sed staar we dem did si iina di Iis said kom bak agen! It galang infronta dem til it riich wich paat di pikni did de, an a uova de-so it tap.

        Afterlistening to the king, they went on their way. And behold, the star that they had seen when it rose went before them until it came to rest over the place where the child was.

        (literally, “After theylistened to the king, they left […]”)

2. toorder tocease, todesist(The addition ofquotations indicative of this usage is being sought:)

don

1. done,finished,completed(The addition ofquotations indicative of this usage is being sought:)

• Larry Chang (2014)Biesik Jumiekan: Introduction to Jamaican Language, Chuu Wod,→ISBN, page200

don

1. Rōmaji transcription ofどん
2. Rōmaji transcription ofドン

FromOld Englishdōn, fromProto-West Germanic*dōn, fromProto-Germanic*dōną.

• donne,doyn,do,doon

• IPA^(key):/doːn/
• Rhymes:-oːn

don

1. Todo,perform (an activity)
2. Tocomplete,finish
3. Tomake,create
4. Toput,place,position,raise
5. Toremove,take away
6. Togo ormove (in a specified direction)
7. Tobehave (in a specified manner)
8. (auxiliary) To cause (an action or state)
9. (auxiliary)Emphasises the verb that follows it
10. (auxiliary)Stands in for a verb in a dependent clause

As in modern English, several uses of this verb are highly idiomatic.

• doer

• English:do
• Geordie English:de,dee,div
• Scots:dae,dee(Doric)
• Yola:doone,deen

• “dọ̄n,v.(1).”, inMED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.:University of Michigan,2007, retrieved2018-03-12.
• Wright, Joseph, and Elizabeth Mary Wright.An Elementary Middle English Grammar, p193. Oxford University Press, 1923.

FromOld Englishdōn on.

• IPA^(key):/dɔn/

don

1. (Late Middle English) toput on

• English:don
• Yola:don

• “don,v.(2).”, inMED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.:University of Michigan,2007.

FromOld Saxondōn.

dôn

1. todo

Irregular: present 1sgdô, 2sgdeist (dôst,dṏst), 3sgdeit (dôt,dṏt), pl.dôn,dôt,dṏt, preterit 1sgdede, 2sgdêdest, 3sgdede, pl.dêden, past participlegedân,dân

FromEnglishdone.

don

1. has/have (perfectaspectauxiliary)

   Wi don chop.

   We have eaten.

   • 2024 March 17, Selin Girit and Grujica Andric, “Wetin go happun to your social media accounts wen you die”, inBBC News Pidgin‎^[3]:

     "Accounts go dey live till family member tell di social media app say di pesindon kpeme."

     "Accounts remain active until a family member informs the social media app that the personhas died."

• dihn,dohin,dohn,duhn,dwîn

FromArabicدُهْن(duhn). But compareTurkishdonyağı,don yağı(“tallow”), which is said to be from the root ofdonmak(“to freeze”).

don m

1. (melted)fat,grease

   Synonym:bez

   Bîne nanê genimî,duhn bide, bêxe leşê min, ezê sax bim. ―Bring wheat bread, spread it withfat, put it on my body and I shall be cured [i.e., come to life again].

• Chyet, Michael L. (2020) “don”, inFerhenga Birûskî: Kurmanji–English Dictionary (Language Series; 1), volume I, London: Transnational Press,page201b
• Gülensoy, Tuncer (1994) “don”, inKürtçenin Etimolojik Sözlüğü [Etymological Dictionary of Kurdish]‎^[4] (in Turkish), Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu Basımevi, page65

FromProto-Samic*tonë.

• (Kautokeino)IPA^(key):/ˈton/

don

1. you (singular)

• Koponen, Eino, Ruppel, Klaas, Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008),Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages‎^[5], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland

See the etymology of the correspondinglemma form.

• (Kautokeino)IPA^(key):/ˈtoːn/

dōn

1. accusative/genitivesingular ofdōt

FromLatindōnum.

• Audio(Béarn):

  (file)

don m (pluraldons)

1. gift(something given to another voluntarily)
2. gift(a talent or natural ability)
3. donation(a voluntary gift or contribution for a specific cause)

• dar
• donar

• doan —Anglian
• doa,doæ,doe —Northumbrian

FromProto-West Germanic*dōn(“to do”). The exact development of past tense formsdyde,dydest, anddydon is unexplained, for such forms have-y- instead of expected*-e- (*dede,*dedest,*dedon) from Proto-Germanic past stem*ded-/*dēd-.

• IPA^(key):/doːn/

dōn

1. todo

   Hwætdēst þū?

   What are youdoing?

   • c. 995,Ælfric,Extracts on Grammar in English

     Iċdyde swā iċ meahte.

     Idid what I could.

   • c. 990,Wessex Gospels,Matthew 17:12

     Hīedydon swā hwæt swā hīe woldon.

     Theydid whatever they wanted.

   • late 10th century,Ælfric,the Old English Hexateuch,Genesis 41:55

     Gangaþ tō Iosepe anddōþ swā hwæt swā hē ēow seċġe.

     Go to Joseph anddo whatever he tells you.

   • c. 995,Ælfric,Extracts on Grammar in English

     Ǣte þū tōdæġ? Iċdyde.

     Did you eat today? Idid.

   • c. 992,Ælfric,"Sermon on the Beginning of Creation"

     Þæt ċild wēox swā swā ōðru ċildrudōþ.

     The child grew as other childrendo.

   • late 10th century,Ælfric,the Old English Hexateuch,Genesis 3:8

     Þā behȳdde Adam hine, and his wīf ēac swādyde, fram Godes ġesihte.

     Then Adam hid himself from God's sight, and his wifedid so too.

2. tomake,cause
   • c. 992,Ælfric,"The Passion of St. Bartholomew the Apostle"

     Þūdydest mīnne brōðor his god forlǣtan.

     Youmade my brother renounce his god.

   • c. 990,Wessex Gospels,Matthew 3:3

     Ġeġearwiaþ Dryhtnes weġ,dōþ his sīðas rihte.

     Prepare the way of the Lord,make his paths straight.

   • c. 990,Wessex Gospels,Matthew 4:19

     Folgiaþ mē, and iċdō þæt ġit bēoþ manna fisċeras.

     Follow me, and I'llmake you fishers of people.

   • late 10th century,Ælfric,the Old English Hexateuch,Genesis 42:36

     Þā cwæþ Iācōb heora fæder, "Bearnlēasne ġē habbaþ mēġedōnne. Næbbe iċ Iōsēp and Simeon is on bendum; nū ġē nimaþ Beniamin æt mē."

     Then Jacob, their father, said, "You havemade me childless. I don't have Joseph and Simeon is in chains; now you're taking Benjamin from me."

   • c. 992,Ælfric, "The Nativity of St. Andrew the Apostle"

     Swā swā hī ǣr mid nette fixodon on sǣlicum ȳðum, swādyde Crist þæt hī siððan mid his heofonlīcan lāre manna sāwla ġefixodon; forðan ðe hī ætbrūdon folces menn fram flǣsclīcum lustum, and fram woruldlīcum ġedwyldum tō staðolfæstnysse lybbendra eorðan, þæt is tō ðām ēċan ēðle, be ðām cwæð sē witega þurh Godes Gāst, "Iċ āsende mīne fisċeras, and hī ġefixiað hī; mīne huntan, and hī huntiað hī of ǣlċere dūne and of ǣlċere hylle."

     As they before with a net had fished on the sea waves, so Christcaused them afterwards by his heavenly lore to fish for the souls of men; for they withdrew the people from fleshly lusts, and from worldly errors to the stability of the earth of the living, that is, to the eternal country, of which the prophet, through God's Spirit, said, "I will send my fishers, and they shall fish for them; my hunters, and they shall hunt them from every down and from every hill."

   • late 10th century,Ælfric,"Memory of the Saints"

     Sē fēorða leahtor is ira þæt is on englisċ wēamōdnyss. Sēodēð þæt sē man nāh his mōdes ġeweald and macað manslihtas and myċele yfelu.

     The fourth sin is Ira, that is in English, Anger; itcauseth that a man have no power over his mind, and bringeth about manslaughters and many evils.

3. toput
   • c. 990,Wessex Gospels,Mark 7:33

     Hēdyde his fingras on his ēaran.

     Heput his fingers in his ears.

   • c. 990,Wessex Gospels,Matthew 26:52

     Þā cwæþ sē Hǣlend tō him, "Dō þīn sweord eft on his sċēaðe."

     Then Jesus said to him, "Put your sword back in its sheath."

   • late 10th century,Ælfric,the Old English Hexateuch,Genesis 9:23

     Hwæt þā Sēm and Iaphethdydon ānne hwītel on heora sċuldran and ēodon underbæc.

     So then Shem and Japhethput a blanket on their shoulders and walked backwards.

4. toadd
   • c.1011,Byrhtferth,Manual‎^[6]:

     Blōtmōnaþ hæfþ seofon rēgulārēs.Dō þrītiġ þǣr tō, þonne bēoþ þæt seofon and þrītiġ.

     November has sevenregulares.Add thirty to that, and it is thirty-seven.

5. totake off,remove
   • late 10th century,Ælfric,the Old English Hexateuch,Exodus 3:5

     Dō þīn ġesċȳ of þīnum fōtum! Sōðlīċe sēo stōw þe þū on stentst is hālgu eorðe.

     Take your shoes off your feet! The place you're standing on is holy ground.

6. totreat someone(+ dative) a certain way
   • c. 973,Æthelwold,translation of theRule of Saint Benedict

     XXXV. Be þām þæt man eallum munucum ġelīċedōn sċyle.

     35. On how all monks should betreated equally.

   • late 9th century,King Alfred'stranslation ofBoethius'The Consolation of Philosophy

     Ēalā hū yfele mēdōþ maniġe weoroldmenn mid þām þæt iċ ne mōt wealdan mīnra āgenra þēawa.

     Many worldly peopletreat me so badly, I'm not allowed to use my own strengths.

   • c. 990,Wessex Gospels,Luke 16:19

     Nū iċ neom wierðe þæt iċ bēo þīn sunu nemned.Dō mē swā ānne of þīnum ierðlingum.

     I don't deserve to be called your son anymore.Treat me as one of your fieldworkers.

7. togive (+dative)
   • late 10th century,Ælfric,"Chair of Saint Peter"

     ...Næbbe iċ seolfor ne gold, iċ þēdō þæt iċ hæbbe...

     ...I have neither silver nor gold, Igive thee that I have...

• Old English does not havedo-support. Whiledōn does have auxiliary function in Old English, such uses are purely causative, equivalent to modern "to make" or "to cause to" (as per sense 2 above). Therefore, when asking "do you hate me?", one would sayhatast þū mē? (literally "hatest thou me?"), notdēst þū mē hatian? (which would instead mean "do youmake me hate?").
• There are some emphatic uses ofdōn that bear some resemblance to do-support constructions, often involving theǣġþerġe ("both ... and ...") construction and other verbs in apposition, although the apposed verbs are finite rather than infinitives. In such contexts,dōn is generally better translated with "to be", and the apposed verbs with participles or adjectives as necessary:sē cattdēþ ǣġþer ġe slǣpð ġe wacaþ ("the catis both asleep and awake", or if translated with do-support, "the catdoes both sleep and be awake").
• Dōn can be used as apro-verb (i.e. standing in for another verb, generally replacing one that was previously mentioned to avoid repetition), like the modern verb:Hatast þū mē swā swā hēodēþ? ("Do you hate me like shedoes?")

• Middle English:don,donne,doyn,do,doon
  • English:do
  • Geordie English:de,dee,div
  • Scots:dae,dee(Doric)
  • Yola:doone,deen

• Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller (1898) “don”, inAn Anglo-Saxon Dictionary‎^[7], 2nd edition, Oxford:Oxford University Press.

• dun

FromLatindonum.

• IPA^(key):/dun/

donoblique singular, m (oblique pluraldons,nominative singulardons,nominative pluraldon)

1. gift

• French:don
• → Middle English:done

• IPA^(key):[don]

Univerbation ofdi(“of/from”) +‎in(“thesg”)

don

1. of/from thesg

• dond,dont,dun,dund

Univerbation ofdo(“to/for”) +‎in(“thesg”)

don

1. to/for thesg

• dond,dont,dun,dund,dúnn

don (gender unknown)

1. misfortune,evil

• Irish:don

• doan
• dūan
• duon

FromProto-West Germanic*dōn. CompareOld Englishdōn,Old Frisiandwā,dūa,duā,Old Dutchduon,Old High Germantuon.

dōn

1. todo
   • 9th c.Heliand, verse 1456

     Dot im gōdes filu,...

     Do much good for him,...

2. toput
   • 9th c.Heliand, verse 4389-4390

     ...an thea winistron hand sōduot hē ōk thea sāligon an thea swīđeron half...

     ...in the left hand soput he as well the blessed in the right side..

• Middle Low German:dôn
  • Low German:deoen(Paderbornisch),dohn(Münsterländisch);doon

Köbler, Gerhard,Altsächsisches Wörterbuch (5th edition 2014)

• IPA^(key):/(ˈ)don/

FromLate Latindom, fromdomnus(“master, sir”), fromLatindominus, fromdomus(“a house”).

don m (pluraldones)

1. (honorific)sir,master; a title prefixed to malegiven names
   • c.1200, Almerich,Fazienda de Ultramar,f. 1r:

     [R]emont por la gracia de dios. arçobispo de Toledo. adon almeric. arçidiano de antiochia con grant amor ſalut ⁊ amidtad.

     Remont, by the Grace of God archbishop of Toledo, tomaster Almerich, archdeacon of Antioch, with great love, haleness and goodwill.

• Spanish:don (see there for further descendants)

FromLatindōnum(“a gift”), fromdō(“I give”).

don m (pluraldones)

1. gift,talent
   • c.1200, Almerich,Fazienda de Ultramar,f. 65r:

     eſtonces el rey dio grandesdones adaniel e diol ſennoria ſobre ſos ſabios e la cibdat de babilonia[…]

     Then the king gave Daniel greatgifts and gave him rulership over his wise men and the city of Babylon[…]

• Spanish:don

Shortening ofdont.

don

1. Apocopic form ofdont;where
   • c.1200, Almerich,Fazienda de Ultramar,f. 56r:

     Euino el ppħa iſaẏas e dixo al reẏ ezechiasdõ uinieron eſtos barones. ⁊ q̃ te dixieron dixo el de tierra de luen uinieron de babilonia.

     And the prophet Isaiah came and said to king Hezekiah, “Where did these men come from, and what did they say to you?” He said, “From a distant land. They came from Babylon”.

• Spanish:do

• dhan

• IPA^(key):/t̪ɔn̪ˠ/
• Hyphenation:don

don (+ dative)

1. (higher register)Contraction ofdoan.

   Chaidh idon bhùth. ―She went to the shop.

• Like the bare articlean,don triggers lenition if the following noun begins withf,c andg.
• In the modern language this form is considered to be high register, withdhan being generally more common.

• Colin Mark (2003) “do”, inThe Gaelic-English dictionary, London: Routledge,→ISBN, page235

• ron(rhoticized)
• do',ro'(apocoped)

Both from the shortening of the earlierdonnu(“master, sir”) or fromLate Latindom, ultimately fromLatindomnus >dominus(“master, owner”), itself fromdomus(“a house”).

• IPA^(key):/dɔn/(Standard)
• IPA^(key):/ɾɔn/(Rhotacized)
• Rhymes:-on
• Hyphenation:don

don m (inv)

1. (obsolete)sir,master,lord
2. (obsolete) social honorary title referred to men possessing patrimonial assets
3. a title of respect to a man, especially older, prefixed tofirst names

• (gender):donna
• (age):carusu

• IPA^(key):/ˈdon/[ˈd̪õn]
• Rhymes:-on
• Syllabification:don

Inherited fromLate Latindom(“a courtesy title for monks and abbots”), fromdomnus(“master, sir”), from ClassicalLatindominus, fromdomus(“a house”).

don m (pluraldones,femininedoña,feminine pluraldoñas)

1. (obsolete)sir,master,lord
2. a title of respect to a man, prefixed tofirst names
   • 1844,José Zorrilla,Don Juan Tenorio‎^[8], lines57–58:

     [Y] dime:don Luis Mejías ¿ha venido hoy?

     [A]nd tell me:mister Luis Mejía, did he come today?

• → Catalan:don
• → Czech:don
• → Tagalog:Don

FromLatindōnum(“a gift”) (whenceEnglishdonation), fromdō(“to give”).

don m (pluraldones)

1. gift,present
2. gift,talent,knack

   Cielos, tu tío realmente tiene undon para gastar todo su dinero en el casino, ¿no?

   Yikes, your uncle really has aknack for blowing all his money in the casino, doesn't he?

• Like with the English word "knack",don can be used to describe a positive gift or talent, or a negative one like a bad habit or a neutral tendency to do something.

• “don”, inDiccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8,Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish:Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

FromDutchdom.

don

1. stupid

don

1. stupidity

   Sranan odo:don no abi dresi.

   Surinamese proverb: there is no medicine forstupidity.

• → Caribbean Javanese:dong
• → Kari'na:don
• → Saramaccan:dón

Borrowed fromLow Germandon(“"doing," work, thing”), from Low Germandon(“do”), which is cognate withEnglishdo,Germantun.

don n

1. atool, animplement

   Synonym:(colloquial)doning

• don efter person
• dona
• fordon
• gripdon
• seldon
• skodon
• åkdon

• don inSvensk ordbok (SO)
• don inSvenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• don inSvenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

• ond

FromOttoman Turkishطون(don), fromProto-Turkic*tōn.

don

1. underpants
2. jogging pants
3. pants
4. shorts

FromOttoman Turkishطوڭ(doñ), fromProto-Turkic*toŋ. Cognate withChuvashтӑм(tăm), also related toChinese凍 /冻(dòng).^[1]

don

1. frost

don

1. second-personsingularimperative ofdonmak

• donma
• donmak

Borrowed fromClassical Persianدانه(dāna).

don

1. grain

• (Hà Nội)IPA^(key):[zɔn˧˧]
• (Huế)IPA^(key):[jɔŋ˧˧]
• (Saigon)IPA^(key):[jɔŋ˧˧]

• Audio(Hà Nội):

  (file)

• đon

(classifiercon)don

1. Asiatic brush-tailed porcupine (Atherurus macrourus)

(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

(classifiercon)don

1. (Quảng Ngãi) kind ofclam

(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

don• (𤈊,燉,𱱤) (diminutive reduplicationdon don)

1. withered andshrunken

• héo don

• IPA^(key):/d̪on̪/

don

1. acape,headland

• Clemens Voorhoeve (1982)The Makian languages and their neighbours‎^[9], Pacific linguistics

FromProto-Philippine*dahun, fromProto-Malayo-Polynesian*dahun.

don

1. leaf(of a plant)

FromMiddle Englishdon, fromOld Englishdōn on.