ach

1. (international standards)ISO 639-2 &ISO 639-3language code forAcholi.

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Acholi terms

FromMiddle Englishache, fromOld Frenchache, fromLatinapium(“parsley”).

• ache

• IPA^(key):/æt͡ʃ/

• Audio(Southern England):

  (file)

ach (pluralaches)

1. (obsolete) Any of several species of plants, such assmallage, wildcelery,parsley.

• lovage
• smallage

(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

• IPA^(key):/æx/,/ɑx/,/əx/

ach

1. An expression ofannoyance.
   • 1958,Anthony Burgess,The Enemy in the Blanket (The Malayan Trilogy), published1972:

     "Ach." Auntie frowned hugely. "That is all nonsense."

2. An expression ofwoe orregret.
3. Alternative form ofoch

Used inScottish English.

• -cha,CAH,CHA,Cha,HAC,HCA,cah,cha

• aacht(Moselle Franconian)
• aach(Ripuarian)

FromMiddle High Germanahte, fromOld High Germanahto, fromProto-West Germanic*ahtō, fromProto-Germanic*ahtōu, fromProto-Indo-European*oḱtṓw.

• IPA^(key):/ɑx/

ach

1. (Limburgan Ripuarian)eight(numerical value represented by the Arabic numeral 8; ordescribing a set with eight elements)

• Ach
• achmoal

• achtsieg
• achtsing

• “ach” ind'r nuie Kirchröadsjer Dieksiejoneer 2nd ed., 2017.

ach

1. First-person plural inclusive general possessive;our (inclusive)

• òich(pluralyou only)

(Thisetymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at theEtymology scriptorium.)

ach

1. (Sette Comuni)accusative ofiart:you(plural; polite singular)

• “ach” inMartalar, Umberto Martello, Bellotto, Alfonso (1974)Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo

• IPA^(key):/ɑx/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation:ach
• Rhymes:-ɑx

ach

1. oh,expresses compassion, surprise and dismay

• Afrikaans:ag
• → Papiamentu:ag
• → Peranakan Indonesian:ach
  • >? Indonesian:ah

ach

1. H-system spelling ofaĉ

FromMiddle High Germanach, fromOld High Germanah.

• IPA^(key):/ax/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes:-ax

ach

1. oh,alas(expressing surprise, sorrow, or understanding)
   • 1808,Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, “Vor dem Thor”, inFaust: Der Tragödie erster Teil [Faust, Part One]‎^[1]; republished as Bayard Taylor, transl.,1870:

     Zwey Seelen wohnen,ach! in meiner Brust, / Die eine will sich von der andern trennen;

     Two souls,alas! reside within my breast, / And each withdraws from, and repels, its brother.

2. oh(preceding an offhand or annoyed remark)
3. oh(preceding an invocation or address, but rarely a solemn one)

• Danish:ah
  • Norwegian Bokmål:ah,a
• Yiddish:אַך(akh)

• “ach” inDuden online
• Friedrich Kluge (1883) “ach”, inJohn Francis Davis, transl.,Etymological Dictionary of the German Language, published1891
• “ach” inDigitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

• (Munster,Aran)IPA^(key):/ɑx/^[1][2]
• (Cois Fharraige)IPA^(key):/ax/,[aːx]^[3]
• (Mayo)IPA^(key):/ax/^[4]
• (Ulster)IPA^(key):/ax/^[5],/ah/^[6]
• Homophone:each

FromOld Irishacht(“but, except”),^[7] fromProto-Celtic*extos, fromProto-Indo-European*h₁eǵʰs.

• acht(obsolete)

ach

1. but

ach (plus nominative,triggers no mutation)

1. except,but

• ach oiread(“as well”)(after a negative)

ach

1. but,only,merely

Onomatopoeic.

• ách

ach!

1. ah!och!ugh!

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “ach”, inFoclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm,→ISBN
• de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “ach”, inEnglish-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
• “ach”, inNew English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge,2013-2025

Inherited fromProto-Slavic*axъ.

• IPA^(key):/ˈax/
• Rhymes:-ax
• Syllabification:ach

ach

1. ah!expresses surprise, fear, pleasure, sadness, sudden understanding

• Stefan Ramułt (1893) “aχ!”, inSłownik języka pomorskiego czyli kaszubskiego (in Kashubian), page 2
• Sychta, Bernard (1967) “aχ!”, inSłownik gwar kaszubskich [Dictionary of Kashubian dialects] (in Polish), volumes 1 (A – Ǵ), Wrocław: Ossolineum, page 3
• Jan Trepczyk (1994) “ach!”, inSłownik polsko-kaszubski (in Kashubian), volumes1–2
• Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “ach!”, inSłownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎^[2]
• “ach!”, inInternetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby,2022

Borrowed fromOld Polishach.

ach(archaic)

1. o(used to address someone or a group)

• Wojciech Smoczyński (2018) “ach”, inLithuanian Etymological Dictionary, Berlin, Germany:Peter Lang,→DOI,→ISBN, page 4

• IPA^(key):/ɑx/,[ax],[ɑχ]

ach

1. oh(an expression of grievance or displeasure)

FromOld Frisianachta. CompareWest Frisianacht.

ach

1. (Heligoland)eight

Inherited fromProto-Slavic*axъ. First attested in the 14th century.

• IPA^(key):(10^th–15^th CE)/ax/
• IPA^(key):(15^th CE)/ax/

ach

1. (attested inSilesia)ah!expresses surprise
   • 1915 [End of the 15th century], Jan Łoś, editor,Przegląd językowych zabytków staropolskich do r. 1543‎^[3], page315:

     Ach boze moy, pomozy my

     [Ach Boże moj, pomoży mi]

   • 1915 [Middle of the 15th century], Jan Łoś, editor,Przegląd językowych zabytków staropolskich do r. 1543‎^[4], page514:

     Ach nyestocze proch dolor

     [Ach niestocie proch dolor]

   • 1885-2024 [End of the 15th century], Jan Baudouina de Courtenay, Jan Karłowicz, Antoni Adam Kryńskiego, Malinowski Lucjan, editors,Prace Filologiczne‎^[5], volume III,Wrocław, page289:

     Ach gelacze heu

     [Ach jełacie heu]

   • Middle of the 15th century,Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa‎^[6], page56:

     Takoż płakał rzekąc:Ach mnie nędznemu

     [Takoż płakał rzekąc:Ach mnie nędznemu]

• Polish:ach
• Silesian:ach
• → Lithuanian:ach

• Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “ach”, inSłownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie,→ISBN
• Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965) “ach”, inJan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors,Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego
• B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “ach”, inSłownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków:IJP PAN,→ISBN

Borrowed fromDutchach(“oh”).

ach

1. oh,expresses compassion, surprise and dismay

   Ach, ia laen tida minta doeit.^[1] ―(please add an English translation of this usage example)

• >? Indonesian:ah

Inherited fromOld Polishach.

• Audio 1:

  (file)

• Audio 2:

  (file)

• Rhymes:-ax
• Syllabification:ach

ach

1. ah!expresses surprise, fear, pleasure, sadness, sudden understanding

   Synonyms:och,ojej,ależ

• ach inWielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• ach in Polish dictionaries at PWN
• Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “ach, ah”, inSłownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
• Krystyna Siekierska (08.06.2022) “ACH”, inElektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]
• Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “ach”, inSłownik języka polskiego, volume 1, pages3-4
• Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “ach”, inSłownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
• J. Karłowicz,A. Kryński,W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “ach”, inSłownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 6
• Zofia Stamirowska (1987-2024) “ach”, in Anna Basara, editor,Słownik gwar Ostródzkiego, Warmii i Mazur, volume 1, Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich Wydawnictwo Polskiej Akademii Nauk,→ISBN, pages112-113

In imitation of a cry.

• IPA^(key):/ɑx/

ach

1. Anexclamation ofimpatience,disappointment,contempt,remonstrance.
2. expression ofsatisfaction orpleasure.

• “ach,int.”, inThe Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh:Scottish Language Dictionaries, 2004–present,→OCLC.

• IPA^(key):/ax/
• (Skye)IPA^(key):/ɔx/^[1]

FromOld Irishacht(“but, except”),^[2] fromProto-Celtic*extos, fromProto-Indo-European*h₁eǵʰs-tos.

ach

1. but

   Thèid miseach cha tèid thusa. ―I'll gobut you won't [go].

2. except,only

   Cha robh annach trì daoine. ―There wereonly three people (literally "there was not there but/except for three people").

Shortened form offeuch.

ach

1. so that

   Dh'aontaich each am biodh adhartas air choireigin ann. ―He agreedso that there would be some progress.

Inherited fromOld Polishach.

• IPA^(key):/ˈax/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes:-ax
• Syllabification:ach

ach

1. ah!expresses surprise, fear, pleasure, sadness, sudden understanding

• ach in silling.org
• Henryk Jaroszewicz (2022) “ach”, inZasady pisowni języka śląskiego (in Polish), Siedlce: Wydawnictwo Naukowe IKR[i]BL, page61
• Aleksandra Wencel (2023) “ach!”, inDykcjůnôrz ślų̊sko-polski, page 7

Inherited fromProto-Slavic*axъ.

• IPA^(key):/ˈax/
• Rhymes:-ax
• Syllabification:ach

ach

1. ah!expresses surprise, fear, pleasure, sadness, sudden understanding

• Lorentz, Friedrich (1908) “ãχ!”, inSlovinzisches Wörterbuch‎^[7] (in German), volume 1, Saint Petersburg:ОРЯС ИАН,page 2

ach

1. maybe

FromProto-Celtic*akkā, fromProto-Indo-European*h₂ekkeh₂ (compareLatinAcca (Larentia), a Roman goddess, Ancient GreekἈκκώ(Akkṓ,“nurse of Demeter”), Sanskritअक्का(akkā,“mother”)).

• IPA^(key):/aːχ/
• Rhymes:-aːχ

ach f (pluralachauorachoedd)

1. kinship
2. pedigree,ancestry
3. (in theplural)lineage
4. (in theplural)genealogy, familyroots

• achres(“genealogical table”)
• achydd(“genealogist”)
• achyddiaeth(“genealogy”)
• achyddol(“genealogical”)
• ers achau(“for ages”)

och,ych

• IPA^(key):/aχ/

ach

1. yuck

ach-y-fi

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “ach”, inGeiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies