abnormal
English
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editFromab- +normal. First attested in 1835, replacing the earlieranormal and even earlierabnormous,[1] fromLatinabnormis(“departing from normal”), fromeither (ab-(“away from”) +norma(“rule, norm”)),[2]orAncient Greekἀνώμαλος(anṓmalos).[3]
Pronunciation
editAdjective
editabnormal (comparativemoreabnormal,superlativemostabnormal)
- Notconforming torule orsystem;deviating from theusual ornormal type.[First attested around the mid 19th century.][4]
- 1899,Arthur Conan Doyle, chapter 6, inA Duet:
- And then after anabnormal meal, which was either a very late breakfast or a very early lunch, they drove on to Victoria Station.
- Of or pertaining to that which is irregular, in particular,behaviour thatdeviates fromnorms of socialpropriety or acceptedstandards ofmentalhealth.[First attested around the early 20th century.][4]
- 1904, Jack London, chapter23, inThe Sea-Wolf (Macmillan’s Standard Library), New York, N.Y.:Grosset & Dunlap,→OCLC:
- Furuseth was right; I wasabnormal, an "emotionless monster," a strange bookish creature, capable of pleasuring in sensations only of the mind.
- 1936, Rollo Ahmed,The Black Art, London: Long, page161:
- Many of the so-called rites of these secret societies were so patently ridiculous, that it is quite obvious that they were merely an excuse for men and women to indulge in sex-play and lustful gratification, frequently of anabnormal kind.
Synonyms
edit- (not conforming to rule or system; deviating from type):aberrant,anomalous,atypical,exceptional,extraordinary,irregular,preternatural,strange,unusual.
Derived terms
editDescendants
editTranslations
edit
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions atWiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
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Noun
editabnormal (pluralabnormals)
- A person or object that is not normal.
References
edit- ^Elliott K. Dobbie, C. William Dunmore, Robert K. Barnhart, et al. (editors),Chambers Dictionary of Etymology (Chambers Harrap Publishers Ltd, 2004 [1998],→ISBN), page 3
- ^Morris, William, editor (1969),The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, New York, NY: American Heritage Publishing Co., Inc., published1971,→ISBN, page 3
- ^Christine A. Lindberg, editor (2002), “abnormal”, inThe Oxford College Dictionary, 2nd edition, New York, N.Y.: Spark Publishing,→ISBN, page 3.
- ↑4.04.1Lesley Brown, editor-in-chief, William R. Trumble and Angus Stevenson, editors (2002), “abnormal”, inThe Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles, 5th edition, Oxford, New York, N.Y.:Oxford University Press,→ISBN, page 6.
Cebuano
editEtymology
editPronunciation
edit- Hyphenation:ab‧nor‧mal
Adjective
editabnormal
- abnormal; deviating from the usual or normal type
- retarded(having mental retardation)
- stupid(lacking in intelligence)
Noun
editabnormal
Quotations
editFor quotations using this term, seeCitations:abnormal.
Derived terms
editGerman
editEtymology
editPronunciation
editAdjective
editabnormal (strong nominative masculine singularabnormaler,comparativeabnormaler,superlativeamabnormalsten)
Declension
editnumber & gender | singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | |||
predicative | eristabnormal | sieistabnormal | esistabnormal | siesindabnormal | |
strong declension (without article) | nominative | abnormaler | abnormale | abnormales | abnormale |
genitive | abnormalen | abnormaler | abnormalen | abnormaler | |
dative | abnormalem | abnormaler | abnormalem | abnormalen | |
accusative | abnormalen | abnormale | abnormales | abnormale | |
weak declension (with definite article) | nominative | derabnormale | dieabnormale | dasabnormale | dieabnormalen |
genitive | desabnormalen | derabnormalen | desabnormalen | derabnormalen | |
dative | demabnormalen | derabnormalen | demabnormalen | denabnormalen | |
accusative | denabnormalen | dieabnormale | dasabnormale | dieabnormalen | |
mixed declension (with indefinite article) | nominative | einabnormaler | eineabnormale | einabnormales | (keine)abnormalen |
genitive | einesabnormalen | einerabnormalen | einesabnormalen | (keiner)abnormalen | |
dative | einemabnormalen | einerabnormalen | einemabnormalen | (keinen)abnormalen | |
accusative | einenabnormalen | eineabnormale | einabnormales | (keine)abnormalen |
Related terms
editFurther reading
editIndonesian
editEtymology
editFromDutchabnormaal, fromEnglishabnormal orGermanabnormal. Equivalent ofab-(“away from”) +normal.
Pronunciation
edit- (Standard Indonesian)IPA(key):/abˈnɔrmal/[ap̚ˈnɔr.mal]
Audio: (file) - Rhymes:-ɔrmal
- Syllabification:ab‧nor‧mal
Adjective
editabnormal
- abnormal(not conforming to rule or system)
Derived terms
edit- abnormalkan(“to abnormalize”)
- keabnormalan(“abnormalness, abnormality”)
Related terms
editFurther reading
edit- “abnormal” inKamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta:Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Malay
editEtymology
editFromEnglishabnormal, fromLatinabnormis(“departing from normal”), fromeither (ab-(“away from”) +norma(“rule, norm”)),orAncient Greekἀνώμαλος(anṓmalos).
Pronunciation
editAdjective
editabnormal (Jawi spellingابنورمل)
Affixations
editReferences
edit- “abnormal” inKamus Dewan Perdana, Kuala Lumpur:Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2021,→ISBN, page 4.
- “abnormal” inPusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur:Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Norwegian Bokmål
editEtymology
editFromabnorm +-al, perhaps modelled afterEnglishabnormal.
Pronunciation
editAdjective
editabnormal (neuter singularabnormalt,definite singular and pluralabnormale,comparativemerabnormal,superlativemestabnormal)
- abnormal(notconforming torule orsystem;deviating from theusual ornormal type)
- Synonyms:anormal,unormal,uvanlig,usedvanlig,ualminnelig,overordentlig
- Antonyms:normal,vanlig,ordinær,gjennomsnittlig
- abnormal psykologi ―abnormal psychology
- 1969,Naturen:
- normale og abnormale blodceller
- normal and abnormal blood cells
- 1909,Henrik Ibsen,Efterladte Skrifter I, page406:
- [de] abnormale mod skjønhedsideen stridende udvæxter
- [the] abnormal outgrowths contrary to the idea of beauty
- 1967,Naturen, page 6:
- abnormalt høye varmestrømmer fra underhavene [områdene under verdenshavene]
- abnormally high heat flows from under the oceans [areas under the world's oceans]
- 2015 February 18,scenekunst.no[X]:
- [han er] ikledd et absurd kontorantrekk fra 60-tallet med abnormalt høyt liv og et stripete slips
- [he is] wearing an absurd office suit from the 60's with abnormally high waist and a striped tie
References
edit- “abnormal” inDet Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).
- “abnormal” inStore norske leksikon
Tagalog
editEtymology
editBorrowed fromEnglishabnormal, originally as apseudo-Hispanism as shown by ultimate stress. The correct Spanish counterpart isanormal.
Pronunciation
edit- (Standard Tagalog)
- Syllabification:ab‧nor‧mal
Adjective
editabnormálorabnormal (Baybayin spellingᜀᜊ᜔ᜈᜓᜇ᜔ᜋᜎ᜔)
- abnormal;irregular
- Synonyms:di-karaniwan,di-normal
- (vulgar,colloquial)despicablystupid;useless; expressingimproper orirregularbehavior
Usage notes
edit- The pronunciation/ʔabnoɾˈmal/ is the usual pronunciation attested in dictionaries and is commonly used.
- The pronunciation/ʔabˈnoɾmal/ is commonly used in code-switching speech, especially by younger speakers.
Derived terms
editRelated terms
editFurther reading
edit- “abnormal”, inPambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila,2018
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