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Wiktionary:Word of the day/Archive/2018/December

2018
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Word of the day
forDecember 2
sowlv
  1. (transitive) Topull (especially ananimal) by theears; todrag about.
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Word of the day
forDecember 3
archetypen
  1. Anoriginalmodel of which all other similarconcepts,objects, orpersons are merelycopied,derivative,emulated, orpatterned; aprototype.
  2. Anidealexample of something; aquintessence.
  3. (literature) Acharacter, object, orstory that isbased on a known character, object, or story.
  4. (psychology) According toSwisspsychologistCarl Jung: auniversalpattern ofthought, present in anindividual'sunconscious,inherited from thepastcollectiveexperience ofhumanity.
  5. (textual criticism) Aprotograph(originalmanuscript of atext from which all further copies derive).
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Word of the day
forDecember 5
shrinking violetn
  1. (idiomatic)Often in the negative formno shrinking violet: a veryshy person, who avoidscontact with others if possible.
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Word of the day
forDecember 6
Contén
  1. (art) Adrawingmedium, usuallysquare incross section, composed ofcompressedpowderedcharcoal orgraphite mixed with aclay orwaxbase.

 French painter and army officerNicolas-Jacques Conté, who invented the medium, died on this day in 1805.

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Word of the day
forDecember 9
damen
  1. (British)Usually capitalized asDame: atitleequivalent toSir for afemaleknight.
  2. (British) Amatron at aschool, especiallyEton College.
  3. (British,theater) Intraditionalpantomime: amelodramaticfemale oftenplayed by aman indrag.
  4. (US,dated,informal, slightlyderogatory) Awoman.
  5. (archaic) Alady, a woman.

 English actress DameJudi Dench was born on this day in 1934. She was appointed Dame Commander of theOrder of the British Empire in 1988.

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Word of the day
forDecember 13
plaquen
  1. (countable) Anyflat,thin piece ofclay,ivory,metal, etc., used forornament, or forpaintingpictures upon, as adish,plate,slab, etc.,hung upon awall; also, asmallerdecorationworn by aperson, such as abrooch.
  2. (countable) A piece of flat metal withwriting on it,attached to abuilding,monument, or otherstructure toremind people of a person or anevent.
  3. (countable,biology) Aclearing in abacteriallawn caused by avirus.
  4. (countable,music) In theHornbostel–Sachsclassificationsystem: any flat, thinmusical instrument.
  5. (countable,pathology) Abroadpatch ofabnormaltissuedistinguishable fromsurrounding tissue, especially a broadpapule(inflamed,irritated patch) on theskin.
  6. (countable,uncountable,pathology) An abnormalaccumulation ofmaterial in or on anorgan of thebody, oftenassociated withdisease.
    1. (countable,uncountable,pathology) An accumulation inartery walls made up ofmacrophagecells anddebris containinglipids, (cholesterol andfatty acids),calcium, andconnective tissue; anatheroma.
    2. (uncountable,dentistry) An accumulation ofbiofilm, orbacteria, onteeth.
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Word of the day
forDecember 15
sinewn
  1. (anatomy) Acord ortendon of thebody.
  2. A cord orstring, particularly(music) as of amusical instrument.
  3. (figuratively)muscularpower,muscle;nerve,nervousenergy;vigor,vigorousstrength.
  4. (figuratively, often in theplural) That which gives strength or in which strength consists; asupportingfactor ormember;mainstay.
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Word of the day
forDecember 16
prototypen
  1. Anoriginalform orobject which is abasis for other forms or objects (particularlymanufactureditems), or for itsgeneralizations andmodels.
  2. Anearlysample or modelbuilt totest aconcept orprocess.
  3. (computing) Adeclaration of afunction thatspecifies thename,returntype, andparameters, but none of thebody oractualcode.
  4. (semantics) Aninstance of acategory or a concept thatcombines its mostrepresentativeattributes.
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Word of the day
forDecember 17
kiss someone's ringv
  1. (idiomatic) To giverespect orreverence to someone; to expressservitude to someone.

 Pope Francis, the leader of theCatholic Church, was born on this day in 1936. Kissing thePope’s ring is a traditional way of showing reverence to him.

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Word of the day
forDecember 18
dim-bulbadj
  1. Slow-witted,stupid.

 On this day 140 years ago in 1878, English chemist, physicist and inventor SirJoseph Swan first publicly demonstrated hisincandescent carbon lamp, one of the earliestlight bulbs, at a lecture for the Newcastle upon Tyne Chemical Society.

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Word of the day
forDecember 19
turntablen
  1. Acircularrotatingplatform.
    1. (music) The circular rotating platform of arecord player or adisk jockey'sconsole on which therecordrests duringplay;(by extension), arecord player.
    2. (rail transport,road transport) A rotating platform placed in acircularpit, used forturninglocomotives,cars, ortrucks.
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Word of the day
forDecember 22
oneiromancyn
  1. (uncountable,divination)Divination by theinterpretation ofdreams.
  2. (uncountable, in a weak sense) The interpretation of dreams.
  3. (countable,divination) Anact of such divination or dream-interpretation.
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Word of the day
forDecember 23
parsev
  1. (transitive,linguistics) Toresolve (asentence, etc.) into itselements,pointing out the severalparts of speech, and theirrelation to each other byagreement orgovernment; toanalyze anddescribegrammatically.[from mid 16th c.]
  2. (transitive, by extension) Toexamineclosely; toscrutinize.
  3. (transitive, by extension,computing) To resolve (astring ofcode ortext) into its elements todetermine if itconforms to a particulargrammar.
  4. (transitive, by extension,computing) Tosplit afile or otherinput intopieces ofdata that can be easilymanipulated orstored.
  5. (intransitive,computing,linguistics) Of a string of code or text, sentence, etc.: to conform torules of grammar, to besyntacticallyvalid.
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Word of the day
forDecember 24
mistletoen
  1. (countable,uncountable) Any of severalhemiparasiticevergreenplants of theorderSantalales withwhiteberries that grow in thecrowns ofapple trees,oaks, and othertrees, such as theEuropean mistletoe (Viscum album) andAmerican mistletoe oreastern mistletoe (Phoradendron leucarpum),
  2. (uncountable) Asprig of one such plant used as aChristmasdecoration, associated with thecustom that aman maykiss anywomanstanding beneath it.

 Have yourself a merry littleChristmas Eve!

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Word of the day
forDecember 26
boxv
  1. (transitive) Toplace inside abox; topack in one or more boxes.
  2. (transitive)Usually followed byin: tosurround andenclose in a way thatrestrictsmovement; tocorner, tohem in.
  3. (transitive) Tomix twocontainers ofpaint ofsimilarcolour toensure that the color isidentical.
  4. (transitive,agriculture) To make anincision orhole in (atree) for the purpose ofprocuring thesap.
  5. (transitive,architecture) Toenclose withboarding,lathing, etc., so as toconceal (for example,pipes) or to bring to a requiredform.
  6. (transitive,engineering) Tofurnish (for example, theaxle of awheel) with a box.
  7. (transitive,graphic design,printing) To enclose (images,text, etc.) in a box.
  8. (transitive,object-oriented programming) To place avalue of aprimitive type into a correspondingobject.

 Today is celebrated asBoxing Day in many countries.

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Word of the day
forDecember 27
tricen
  1. Now only in the termin a trice: a veryshorttime; aninstant, amoment. [...]
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Word of the day
forDecember 29
dashcamn
  1. (automotive) Adigital video recordermounted on thedashboard of avehicle or elsewhere inside the vehicle torecordoccurrences in thevicinity, such astrafficaccidents that the vehicle has beeninvolved in, to provideevidence forcriminalprosecutions,insuranceclaims, etc.
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