• Chin,Kin

The atonalHanyu Pinyin romanization of theMandarin pronunciation ofChinese晉 /晋(Jìn), adopted as the name of a river in Shanxi in antiquity. As a Zhou state, from the renaming of the marchlandTang (唐) by its second marquisJi Xie when he relocated to the Jin River c. 1000 BC. As a surname, principally from the Zhou state and its region in China. As an empire and dynastic name, fromSima Yan's status as prince of Jin under the precedingWei Empire. As a river in Fujian, named for the empire, which settled its banks with colonizers from China's Central Plains. As a dialect, from晉語／晋语 (Jìnyǔ), from the region of the former Zhou state.

• enPR:jĭn,IPA^(key):/d͡ʒɪn/

Jin

1. Ariver (晉水) inShanxiProvince,China,emptying into theFen River.The templateTemplate:rfc-sense does not use the parameter(s):

   2=Is the river extant? GEOnet does not have this. [https://baike.baidu.com/item/晋水/9978515]

   Please seeModule:checkparams for help with this warning.(Can weclean up⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)
2. (historical) Amarchland (c. 1046–677 BC) andduchy (677–376 BC) of theZhouKingdom around theriver.
3. AChinesesurname.
4. (historical) Atitularprincipality of theWei Empire(est.AD 264) andotherlaterChinesestates.
5. (historical) Anempire inChina(AD 265–420)established bySima Yan'soverthrow of theWei andreplaced bybarbarianconquerors in thenorth andLiu Yu'sSongEmpire in thesouth.
6. (historical)Synonym ofSima: thedynasty whichruledthisempire.
7. (historical, chiefly Chinese contexts) Thelate 3rd toearly 5thcentury, theera during which theSimaclan were thelegitimateemperors ofChina.
8. Ariver (Jin River,晉江／晋江 (Jìnjiāng)) inQuanzhouMunicipality,Fujian,China,emptying into theTaiwan Strait.
   • 1984, Zhuang Weiji, quotee,Jews in Old China: Studies by Chinese Scholars‎^[2],Hippocrene Books,→ISBN,→LCCN,→OCLC,page147:

     Between 1946 and 1948 in the ruins of the foundations of Quanzhou’s South Gate Tower and southern wall we excavated more that twenty large white gravestones, inscribed in Arabic on both sides. They obviously had been taken from a demolished Islamic mosque. The area overlooked in theJin River and was known as South Quanzhou, or the “Foreign District.” It was here that merchants from overseas and their families had lived during Song and Yuan.

   • 2010,Tim Mackintosh-Smith, “China: To the Mosque of the Phoenix”, inLandfalls: On the Edge of Islam from Zanzibar to the Alhambra‎^[3],John Murray, published2011,→ISBN,→OCLC,page200:

     Wang Feng and I made our way to the world’s former greatest harbour. It is to the west of the city on theJin River, and far enough inland from Quanzhou Bay to be reasonably safe from typhoons.

   • 2016, “Fujian”, inChina‎^[4],DK,→ISBN,→OCLC,page297, column 1:

     Located on theJin River, Quanzhou was China’s principal port during the Song and Yuan dynasties.

   • 2023 February 8, Kelvin Chen, “Swiss parliamentarian delegation visits Taiwan's Kinmen”, inTaiwan News‎^[5], archived fromthe original on08 March 2023, Politics‎^[6]:

     He said that four years ago, the island began receiving water from theJin River, in Quanzhou, China, and now 70-80% of Kinmen's water comes from China.

   • For more quotations using this term, seeCitations:Jin.
9. (historical) Aprefecture ofimperialChinacentered onLinfen,Shanxi.
10. (historical)Former name ofLinfen as theseat of theprefecture.
11. (historical) Anrealm inearly-10thcenturyShaanxiloyal to theTang aftertheiroverthrow by theLater Liang.
12. (historical) TheLater Jin, ashort-livedempire in 10th-centuryShaanxi; the 930s and '40s, theera ofthisempire.
13. (historical)Synonym ofShi: thedynasty whichruledthisempire.
14. (linguistics) AChinesedialectfamily (codecjy)spoken byabout 45millionpeople inShanxi andadjacentprovinces.

• (empire & era):Sima Jin,Liang Jin
• (Shanxinese river):Jinshui
• (Fujianese river):Jinjiang
• (prefecture & its seat):Jinzhou
• (dialect family): JinChinese,Jinese,Shanxinese,Shanxidialect

• (imperial dynasty):Western Jin;Eastern Jin
• (dialect family):Bingzhou,Lüliang,Shangdang,Wutai,Datong–Baotou,Zhangjiakou–Hohhot,Handan–Xinxiang,Zhidan–Yanchuan

• Jinese, JinChinese

• Jinjiang,Zayton,Tsinkiang

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Jin terms

FromKorean진(晉)(jin).

• Chin

Jin

1. AKoreansurname.

From the atonalHanyu Pinyin^[1] romanization ofMandarin金(Jīn, literally“gold,golden”). As a surname, legendarily derived from the descendants ofShaohao who took a goldenphoenix as their tribal emblem. As an area and town in Shaanxi, named for theplacer deposits of gold on theYue River. As a Jurchen empire and dynastic name, a Chinese calque ofJurchen name of theAshi River within modern Harbin, preserved in Chinese transcription as按出虎(Ànchūhǔ) (Middle Chinese:ʔan-tsyhwit-xu). As a Manchu empire and dynastic name, an early continuation of the former Jurchen name prior to the 1636 proclamation of theQing.

Jin

1. AChinesesurname,given 29th among theHundred Family Surnames.
2. (historical) Aprefecture ofimperialChinacentered onAnkang,Shaanxi.
3. (historical)Former name ofAnkang as theseat of theprefecture.
4. (historical) Anempire in northernChina(AD 1115–1234)established by aninvasion ofLiao by theWanyanJurchens andoverthrown by aninvasion of theMongols.
5. (historical)Synonym ofWanyan: thedynasty whichruledthisempire.
6. (historical,ethnography,uncommon)Synonym ofJurchen: theTungusicpeople whoruledthisempire.
7. (historical, chiefly Chinese contexts) The 12th toearly 13thcentury, theera during which theWanyanclan were thelegitimateemperors ofnorthernChina.
8. (historical)Synonym ofQing: theChineseempire,dynasty, andera,(particularly) during theyears 1616 to 1636,prior to theformaldeclaration of theQing.

• (surname):Kim(Korean equivalent);Kam(Cantonese equivalent)
• (prefecture & its seat):Jinzhou,Xicheng
• (empire & era):Jurchen,Jurchen Jin,Jinn

From the atonalHanyu Pinyin romanization ofChinese錦 /锦(Jǐn).

Jin

1. Ariver (錦江) inJiangxi andGuangdongprovinces inChina,emptying into theBei orNorthRiver.
2. Ariver (錦江) inSichuanProvince,China,emptying into theMinRiver.
3. Ariver (錦江 (贛江支流)) inJiangxiProvince,China,emptying into theGanRiver.
4. (historical) Aprefecture ofimperialChinacentered onLuyang,Hunan.
5. (historical)Former name ofLuyang as theseat of theprefecture.

• (rivers):Jinjiang
• (Jianxinese river):ChangjiangCreek orRiver(upper course)
• (prefecture & seat):Jinzhou

• Saul B. Cohen, editor (1998), “Jin River”, inThe Columbia Gazetteer of the World‎^[7], volume 2, New York:Columbia University Press,→ISBN,→LCCN,→OCLC,page1449, column 3

From the atonalHanyu Pinyin romanization ofChinese靳(Jìn). As a surname, legendarily derived fromZhurong.

Jin

1. AChinesesurname.
2. Ariver (靳江) inHunanProvince,China,emptying into theXiangRiver.

   Synonym:Jinjiang

From therevised romanization ofKorean진(jin). As an ancient kingdom, originally fromChinese辰(chén,“5thearthly branch”), possibly used by the ancient state from its association with "east". As the medieval precursor of Balhae, originallyChinese震, possibly intended as a variant of the original state's name (Middle Chinese:dzyin) or to signify "thunderclap", "shock", "tremor", etc. As a surname, the modern Korean form of originally separate names derived fromChinese陳 /陈(chén),秦(Qín),眞 /真(zhēn), as well as晉 above.

Jin

1. (historical) Anancientstate ortribalconfederation innorthernKorea.
2. (historical)Synonym ofBalhae, anorthernKoreanstate,(particularly) between itsAD 698founding and 712renaming.
3. AKoreansurname.

• Jinhan

FromJapanese仁(“Jin”, literally“benevolence”).

Jin

1. AJapanesemalegiven name.

• IJN,JNI

Jin

1. Rōmaji transcription ofじん