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Wiktionary

修

See also:脩
修U+4FEE,修
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4FEE
←俭
[U+4FED]		CJK Unified Ideographs俯 →
[U+4FEF]

Translingual

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Stroke order
 

Han character

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修 (Kangxi radical 9,人+7in Chinese, 人+8in Japanese, 9 strokesin Chinese, 10 strokesin Japanese,cangjie input人中人竹 (OLOH),four-corner28222,composition⿲亻丨⿱夂彡(G) or⿲亻丨㣊(HTJKV))

Usage notes

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  • Note that in Korean, Japanese and Traditional Chinese scripts, this character is written with ten strokes (as seen in the Kangxi Dictionary) rather than nine as in Simplified. The difference is in the component攵 vs.夂.

References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary:page 106, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 721
  • Dae Jaweon: page 225, character 13
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 159, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+4FEE

Chinese

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trad.修
simp.#修
2nd round simp.㣊
alternative forms俢
脩

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character修
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled inHan)Liushutong (compiled inMing)
Small seal scriptTranscribed ancient scripts
  
Transcribed ancient scripts
 
L33637
 
L33638
 
L33639
 
L33640
 
L33641
 
L11965
 
L11966
 
L11967
 
L11968
 
L11969
References:

Mostly from Richard Sears'Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the samephonetic series (攸)(Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
絛*l̥ʰɯːw
窱*ʔl'ɯːwʔ, *l̥ʰɯːws
蓧*l̥ʰɯːw, *l'ɯːwɢ
條*l'ɯːw
鋚*l'ɯːw
鞗*l'ɯːw
樤*l'ɯːw
鰷*l'ɯːw
莜*l'ɯːws
翛*slɯːw, *hljɯwɢ
筱*slɯːwʔ
篠*slɯːwʔ
修*slɯw
脩*slɯw
樇*slɯw
滫*slɯwʔ
悠*lɯw
攸*lɯw
浟*lɯw
蓨*l̥ʰɯːwɢ
滌*l'ɯːwɢ
儵*hljɯwɢ
倐*hljɯwɢ
倏*hljɯwɢ
虪*hljɯwɢ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声,OC*slɯw): phonetic攸(OC*lɯw) + semantic彡.

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character修
Reading #1/1
Initial (聲)心 (16)
Final (韻)尤 (136)
Tone (調)Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)Open
Division (等)III
Fanqie息流切
Baxtersjuw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		/sɨu/
Pan
Wuyun		/siu/
Shao
Rongfen		/siəu/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		/suw/
Li
Rong		/siu/
Wang
Li		/sĭəu/
Bernhard
Karlgren		/si̯ə̯u/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		xiū
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		sau1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character修
Reading #1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		xiū
Middle
Chinese		‹ sjuw ›
Old
Chinese		/*s-liw/
Englishadorn

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character修
Reading #1/1
No.15475
Phonetic
component		攸
Rime
group		幽
Rime
subdivision		2
Corresponding
MC rime		脩
Old
Chinese		/*slɯw/

Definitions

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修

  1. todecorate; toembellish
  2. torepair; tomend
  3. tobuild; toconstruct
    修鐵路／修铁路  ― xiū tiělù  ―  tobuild a railway
  4. torevise; towrite; tocompile
  5. (education) tostudy; tocultivate; to take acourse
  6. (obsolete)tall;slim;long
  7. Short for修正主義／修正主义 (xiūzhèng zhǔyì).revisionism
  8. asurname

Synonyms

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  • (to build):
Dialectal synonyms of蓋 (“to build; to construct (a building)”)[map]
VarietyLocationWords
Formal(Written Standard Chinese)蓋,建,建造,建築,興建,修建
Northeastern MandarinBeijing蓋
Taiwan蓋
Harbin蓋
Singapore建
Jilu MandarinJinan蓋
Jiaoliao MandarinYantai(Muping)蓋
Central Plains MandarinWanrong蓋
Xi'an蓋
Xining蓋
Xuzhou起
Lanyin MandarinYinchuan蓋
Lanzhou蓋
Ürümqi蓋,起
Southwestern MandarinChengdu修,起
Guiyang起,修
Liuzhou起
Jianghuai MandarinNanjing蓋,造
Yangzhou蓋
CantoneseGuangzhou起
Hong Kong起
Hong Kong(San Tin; Weitou)起
Hong Kong(Ting Kok)起
Hong Kong(Tung Ping Chau)起
Taishan起
Dongguan起
Rongxian起
Hepu(Lianzhou)起
Hepu(Shatian)做
Guiping起
Guiping(Mule)起,整
Pingnan起
Guigang(Gangcheng)起
Guigang(Pingdong)起
Beihai起
Beihai(Nankang)起
Beihai(Yingpan)起
Beihai(Qiaogang - Cô Tô)起,做
Beihai(Qiaogang - Cát Bà)起
Fangchenggang(Fangcheng)做
Kuala Lumpur(Guangfu)起,搭
Singapore(Guangfu)起
Ho Chi Minh City(Guangfu)起
Móng Cái起
Bangkok(Guangfu)起
Betong(Rongxian)起
GanNanchang起
Lichuan做
Pingxiang起
HakkaMeixian起,做
Yudu做
Miaoli(N. Sixian)起
Pingtung(Neipu; S. Sixian)起
Hsinchu County(Zhudong; Hailu)起
Taichung(Dongshi; Dabu)起
Hsinchu County(Qionglin; Raoping)起
Yunlin(Lunbei; Zhao'an)起
Hong Kong起
Senai(Huiyang)起
HuizhouJixi起
JinTaiyuan蓋
Xinzhou蓋
Northern MinJian'ou開
Eastern MinFuzhou起
Matsu起
Southern MinXiamen起
Quanzhou起
Zhangzhou起
Tainan起
Singapore(Hokkien)起
Manila(Hokkien)起
Chaozhou起
Shantou起
Jieyang起
Bangkok(Teochew)起
Chiang Mai(Teochew)起
Hat Yai(Teochew)起
Johor Bahru(Teochew)起
Singapore(Teochew)起
Leizhou作
Haikou作
Southern PinghuaNanning(Tingzi)起
WuShanghai造
Shanghai(Chongming)造,起
Suzhou造
Danyang砌
Hangzhou造
Ningbo起
Jinhua起
XiangChangsha起
Loudi起
  • (to repair):

Compounds

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References

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  • “修”, in漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎[1],香港中文大學 (theChinese University of Hong Kong),2014–
  • 莆田市荔城区档案馆[Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “修”, in莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page266.

Japanese

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Kanji

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修

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. discipline
  2. conductoneselfwell
  3. study
  4. master

Readings

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Compounds

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Proper noun

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修(おさむ)• (Osamu) 

  1. a malegiven name

Korean

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Hanja

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修 (eumhun닦을수(dakkeul su))

  1. hanja form? of수(“discipline”)

Vietnamese

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Han character

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修:Hán Việt readings:tu
修:Nôm readings:tu

Verb

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修

chữ Hán form oftu(“(intransitive) toisolate oneself from other people to follow rules in aphilosophy orreligion”).

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