上下

1. high andlow
2. fromtop tobottom
3. up anddown
4. old andyoung
5. relativesuperiority orinferiority

• (high and low):高低 (gāodī),高下 (gāoxià),(Hokkien)懸下／悬下

上下

1. (after round numbers)thereabouts;neighbourhood;about;or so

   Synonym:左右(zuǒyòu)

   兩年上下／两年上下  ― liǎng niánshàngxià  ―  two yearsor so

上下

1. (Cantonese)almost;about to
   • 1870,John Bunyan, translated by George H. Piercy,《續天路歷程土話》 [Pilgrim's Progress. Pt. II Christiana. Canton Vernacular.],羊城:惠師禮堂, pages6–7:

     我想起呢樣、就見罪惡好重、心中愁悶到極、上下要死、好彩昨晚發得個夢、如今又有一個人嚟、𢬿好消息報我聽、我致忍得住呮。[Cantonese,trad.]
     我想起呢样、就见罪恶好重、心中愁闷到极、上下要死、好彩昨晚发得个梦、如今又有一个人嚟、𢬿好消息报我听、我致忍得住呮。[Cantonese,simp.]

     ngo⁵ soeng² hei² ni¹ joeng⁶, zau⁶ gin³ zeoi⁶ ok³ hou² cung⁵, sam¹ zung¹ sau⁴ mun⁶ dou³ gik⁶,soeng⁶ haa^6-2 jiu³ sei², hou² coi² zok⁶ maan⁵ faat³ dak¹ go³ mung⁶, jyu⁴ gam¹ jau⁶ jau⁵ jat¹ go³ jan⁴ lai⁴, kaai² hou² siu¹ sik¹ bou³ ngo⁵ teng¹, ngo⁵ zi³ jan² dak¹ zyu⁶ ze¹.[Jyutping]

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

上下

1. to goup anddown
2. (Meixian Hakka) to havecontact with; to havedealings with
3. (Taiwanese Hakka) topass by

• 上落 (shàngluò)

Compound of上(あ)がり(agari,“rising, going up”,the連(れん)用(よう)形(けい)(ren'yōkei,“stem or continuative form”) of the verb上(あ)がる(agaru,“to rise, to go up”)) +下(お)り(ori,“descending, going down”,the連(れん)用(よう)形(けい)(ren'yōkei,“stem or continuative form”) of the verb下(お)りる(oriru,“to descend, to go down”)).^[1][2]

• 上がり下り,上がり降り

• (Tokyo)あがりおり[àgáríꜜòrì] (Nakadaka – [3])^[2]
• IPA^(key):[a̠ɡa̠ɾʲio̞ɾʲi]

上(あがり)下(おり)• (agariori) 

1. ascending anddescending,ascent anddescent

上(あがり)下(さがり)する• (agarisagarisuru) suru (stem上(あがり)下(さがり)し(agarisagarishi),past上(あがり)下(さがり)した(agarisagarishita))

1. toascend anddescend, togoup and godown

Compound of上(あ)がり(agari,“rising, going up”,the連(れん)用(よう)形(けい)(ren'yōkei,“stem or continuative form”) of the verb上(あ)がる(agaru,“to rise, to go up”)) +下(さ)がり(sagari,“coming down, hanging down”,the連(れん)用(よう)形(けい)(ren'yōkei,“stem or continuative form”) of the verb下(さ)がる(sagaru,“to come down, to hang down”)).^[1][2]

• (Tokyo)あがりさがり[àgáríꜜsàgàrì] (Nakadaka – [3])^[2]
• (Tokyo)あがりさがり[àgáríságárí] (Heiban – [0])^[2]
• IPA^(key):[a̠ɡa̠ɾʲisa̠ɡa̠ɾʲi]

上(あがり)下(さがり)• (agarisagari) 

1. rise andfall,fluctuation(as a level of something, such as a price)

上(あがり)下(さがり)する• (agarisagarisuru) suru (stem上(あがり)下(さがり)し(agarisagarishi),past上(あがり)下(さがり)した(agarisagarishita))

1. torise andfall, tofluctuate(as a level of something, such as a price)

Compound of上げ(age,“raising, lifting up”,the連用形(ren'yōkei,“continuative or stem form”) of verb上げるageru, “to raise something, to lift something up”) +‎下ろし(oroshi,“lowering, bringing down”,the連用形(ren'yōkei,“continuative or stem form”) of verb下ろすorosu, “to lower something, to bring something down”).^[1][2]

• 上げ下ろし,揚げ卸し

• (Tokyo)あげおろし[àgéóróshí] (Heiban – [0])^[2]
• IPA^(key):[a̠ɡe̞o̞ɾo̞ɕi]

上(あげ)下(おろし)• (ageoroshi) 

1. raising andlowering of something
2. loading andunloading(as of the cargo in a ship)
3. weaving on aloom(from the way thewarp is raised and lowered)

Compound of上げ(age,“raising, lifting up”,the連用形(ren'yōkei,“continuative or stem form”) of verb上げるageru, “to raise something, to lift something up”) +‎下だし(kudashi,“putting something down; passing something through one's gut”,the連用形(ren'yōkei,“continuative or stem form”) of verb下すkudasu, “to put something down; to pass something through one's gut”).^[1][2]

• 上げ下し

• (Tokyo)あげくだし[àgékúdáshí] (Heiban – [0])^[2]
• IPA^(key):[a̠ɡe̞kɯ̟da̠ɕi]

上(あげ)下(くだし)• (agekudashi) 

1. bringing something back up andpassing something →vomiting and havingdiarrhea

Compound of上げ(age,“raising, lifting up”,the連用形(ren'yōkei,“continuative or stem form”) of verb上げるageru, “to raise something, to lift something up”) +‎下げ(sage,“lowering something, hanging something down”,the連用形(ren'yōkei,“continuative or stem form”) of verb下げるsageru, “to lower something, to hang something down”).^[1][2]

• (Tokyo)あげさげ[àgéꜜsàgè] (Nakadaka – [2])^[2]
• IPA^(key):[a̠ɡe̞sa̠ɡe̞]

上(あげ)下(さげ)• (agesage) 

1. raising andlowering of something
2. (more specifically) theraising andlowering ofprices
3. praising andberating someone
4. good times andbad times,thick and thin,ups and downs
5. thestart andfinish of something(such as the process of setting a table for a meal, and then clearing up afterwards)
6. theebb and flow of thetides

上(あげ)下(さげ)する• (agesagesuru) suru (stem上(あげ)下(さげ)し(agesageshi),past上(あげ)下(さげ)した(agesageshita))

1. toraise andlower something
2. (more specifically) toraise andlowerprices
3. topraise andberate someone
4. tostart andfinish something(such as the process of setting a table for a meal, and then clearing up afterwards)
5. toebb and flow, such as thetides

Compound of上(ue,“up”) +‎下(shita,“down”).^[1][2]

• (Tokyo)うえした[ùéꜜshìtà] (Nakadaka – [2])^[3][2]
• IPA^(key):[ɯ̟e̞ɕita̠]

上(うえ)下(した)• (ueshita) ^{←うへした(ufesita)?}

1. up anddown, theupper and thelower
2. thenobility and thecommoners
3. (in reference to western-style clothing)upperclothing(such as shirts and jackets) andlower clothing(such as trousers and socks)
4. outerwear andunderwear
5. upside-down

• (upside-down):逆様(さかさま)(sakasama)

Compound of上(kami,“up, upper; first”) +‎下(shimo,“down, lower; last”).^[1][2]

• (Tokyo)かみしも[káꜜmìshìmò] (Atamadaka – [1])^[2]
• IPA^(key):[ka̠mʲiɕimo̞]

上(かみ)下(しも)• (kamishimo) 

1. theupper and thelower
   1. (more specifically)upstream anddownstream
   2. (more specifically)upstage anddownstage
   3. (more specifically)highstatus andlow status
   4. (more specifically) thecity and thecountryside
   5. (more specifically) theupperbody and thelower body
   6. (more specifically) thefirst three lines and thelast two lines of a traditionalwakapoem
   7. (more specifically) thefirsthalf thelast half of amonth
2. variousthings

• (Tokyo)かみしも[kàmíshímó] (Heiban – [0])^[3][2]
• IPA^(key):[ka̠mʲiɕimo̞]

• 裃

上(かみ)下(しも)• (kamishimo) 

1. (traditional Japaneseclothing) therobe andhakama as aset
2. (by extension) extremeformality

Compound of上り(kari,“rising in tone”,the連用形(ren'yōkei,“continuative or stem form”) of verb上るkaru, “to rise in tone”) +‎下り(meri,“falling in tone”,the連用形(ren'yōkei,“continuative or stem form”) of verb下るmeru, “to fall in tone”).^[1]

• 上り下り,甲乙

• (Tokyo)かりめり[kàrímérí] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key):[ka̠ɾʲime̞ɾʲi]

上(かり)下(めり)• (karimeri) 

1. (music) arise intone and afall in tone

上(かり)下(めり)する• (karimerisuru) suru (stem上(かり)下(めり)し(karimerishi),past上(かり)下(めり)した(karimerishita))

1. (music) torise andfall intone

/ɕauka/ →/ɕɔːka/ →/ɕoːka/

FromMiddle Chinese compound上下(dzyang^H hæ^X, literally“up and down”). Compare modernCantonese readingsoeng⁶ haa⁶ orHakkasong-ha.

Thekan'on, so likely a later borrowing.

• (Tokyo)しょーか[shóꜜòkà] (Atamadaka – [1])^[3][2]
• IPA^(key):[ɕo̞ːka̠]

上(しょう)下(か)• (shōka) ^{←しやうか(syauka)?}

1. up anddown
2. theupper and thelower(especially, the rulers and the ruled)
3. rising andfalling
4. anexchange ofopinions

上(しょう)下(か)する• (shōkasuru) ^{←しやうか(syauka)?}suru (stem上(しょう)下(か)し(shōkashi),past上(しょう)下(か)した(shōkashita))

1. torise andfall
2. toexchangeopinions

/d͡ʑauka/ →/d͡ʑɔːka/ →/d͡ʑoːka/

FromMiddle Chinese compound上下(dzyang^H hæ^X, literally“up and down”). Compare modernMin Nan alternative readingchiūⁿ hā.

A mixed reading, using thegoon ofjō and thekan'on ofka.

• (Tokyo)じょーか[jóꜜòkà] (Atamadaka – [1])^[3][2]
• IPA^(key):[d͡ʑo̞ːka̠]

上(じょう)下(か)• (jōka) ^{←じやうか(zyauka)?}

1. up anddown
2. highgrade andlow grade
3. theupper andlowerhouses of theDiet orparliament
4. ascending anddescending,climbingup and climbingdown

上(じょう)下(か)する• (jōkasuru) ^{←じやうか(zyauka)?}suru (stem上(じょう)下(か)し(jōkashi),past上(じょう)下(か)した(jōkashita))

1. toascend anddescend, toclimbup and climbdown

/d͡ʑauɡe/ →/d͡ʑɔːɡe/ →/d͡ʑoːɡe/

FromMiddle Chinese compound上下(dzyang^H hæ^X, literally“up and down”). Compare modernCantonese readingsoeng⁶ haa⁶,Hakkasong-ha, orMin Nan alternative readingchiūⁿ hā.

Thegoon reading, so likely the initial borrowing.

• (Tokyo)じょーげ[jóꜜògè] (Atamadaka – [1])^[3][2]
• IPA^(key):[d͡ʑo̞ːɡe̞]

上(じょう)下(げ)• (jōge) ^{←じやうげ(zyauge)?}

1. thehigh and thelow, theupper and thelower
2. (clothing) asuit, aset ofclothing consisting ofgarments for theupper andlowerbody
3. rising andfalling,ascent anddescent
4. thecity and thecountry(the city is considered “up”)
5. north andsouth(north is considered “up”)
6. volumes one and two of a two-volumebook or otherdocument
7. roundtriptravel on a river, going bothupstream anddownstream
8. highrank andlow rank
9. thenobility and thecommoners
10. thelord and theministers
11. theold and theyoung
12. anexchange ofwords, adiscussion,question andanswer

• (high and low):高低(こうてい)(kōtei)
• (high and low in a rank; nobility and commoners):貴賎(きせん)(kisen)
• (rise and fall):起伏(きふく)(kifuku)
• (old and young):老少(ろうしょう)(rōshō),長幼(ちょうよう)(chōyō)

上(じょう)下(げ)する• (jōgesuru) ^{←じやうげ(zyauge)?}suru (stem上(じょう)下(げ)し(jōgeshi),past上(じょう)下(げ)した(jōgeshita))

1. torise andfall, toascend anddescend
2. to travelroundtrip on a river, going bothupstream anddownstream
3. toexchangewords, todiscuss, toquestion andanswer

Compound of上ぼり(nobori,“climbing, going up”,the連用形(ren'yōkei,“continuative or stem form”) of verb上るnoboru, “to climb, to go up”) +‎下り(ori,“descending, going down”,the連用形(ren'yōkei,“continuative or stem form”) of verb下りるoriru, “to descend, to go down”).^[1][2]

• 上ぼり下り,上り下り

• (Tokyo)のぼりおり[nòbóríꜜòrì] (Nakadaka – [3])^[2]
• IPA^(key):[no̞bo̞ɾʲio̞ɾʲi]

上(のぼり)下(おり)• (noboriori) 

1. ascending anddescending,climbing andcoming backdown(particularly as of a person or thing travelling or moving up and down, such as stairs or levels)

上(のぼり)下(おり)する• (noboriorisuru) suru (stem上(のぼり)下(おり)し(noboriorishi),past上(のぼり)下(おり)した(noboriorishita))

1. toascend anddescend, toclimb andcome backdown(particularly as of a person or thing travelling or moving up and down, such as stairs or levels)

Compound of上ぼり(nobori,“climbing, going up”,the連用形(ren'yōkei,“continuative or stem form”) of verb上るnoboru, “to climb, to go up”) +‎下り(kudari,“descending, coming down”,the連用形(ren'yōkei,“continuative or stem form”) of verb下るkudaru, “to descend a path, to come down a path”).^[1][2]

• 上り下り

• (Tokyo)のぼりくだり[nòbóríkúdárí] (Heiban – [0])^[2]
• (Tokyo)のぼりくだり[nòbóríꜜkùdàrì] (Nakadaka – [3])^[2]
• IPA^(key):[no̞bo̞ɾʲikɯ̟da̠ɾʲi]

上(のぼり)下(くだり)• (noborikudari) 

1. climbing up andclimbing down(particularly as of a person or path travelling or moving up and down, such as a road going uphill and downhill in the mountains)
2. goingupstream anddownstream(such as on a river, or on a highway with “up” indicating towards a city)

上(のぼり)下(くだり)する• (noborikudarisuru) suru (stem上(のぼり)下(くだり)し(noborikudarishi),past上(のぼり)下(くだり)した(noborikudarishita))

1. toclimb up andclimb down
2. togoupstream anddownstream(such as on a river, or on a highway with “up” indicating towards a city)