قلم

See also:فلم

Arabic

Etymology 1

Root
ق ل م(q l m)
3 terms

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key):/qa.la.ma/

Verb

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قَلَمَ• (qalama)I (non-pastيَقْلِمُ(yaqlimu),verbal nounقَلْم(qalm))

tocut, toclip, topare, toprune, totrim, tolop, totruncate, tosnip, tocut back, tocut down
tomake stripes, tostripe
tofleece, to fleece wool

Conjugation

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Conjugation ofقَلَمَ (I, sound, a ~ i, full passive, verbal nounقَلْم)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					قَلْم qalm
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					قَالِم qālim
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول					مَقْلُوم maqlūm
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	قَلَمْتُ qalamtu	قَلَمْتَ qalamta	قَلَمَ qalama	قَلَمْتُمَا qalamtumā	قَلَمَا qalamā	قَلَمْنَا qalamnā	قَلَمْتُمْ qalamtum	قَلَمُوا qalamū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	قَلَمْتُ qalamtu	قَلَمْتِ qalamti	قَلَمَتْ qalamat	قَلَمْتُمَا qalamtumā	قَلَمَتَا qalamatā	قَلَمْنَا qalamnā	قَلَمْتُنَّ qalamtunna	قَلَمْنَ qalamna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَقْلِمُ ʔaqlimu	تَقْلِمُ taqlimu	يَقْلِمُ yaqlimu	تَقْلِمَانِ taqlimāni	يَقْلِمَانِ yaqlimāni	نَقْلِمُ naqlimu	تَقْلِمُونَ taqlimūna	يَقْلِمُونَ yaqlimūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أَقْلِمُ ʔaqlimu	تَقْلِمِينَ taqlimīna	تَقْلِمُ taqlimu	تَقْلِمَانِ taqlimāni	تَقْلِمَانِ taqlimāni	نَقْلِمُ naqlimu	تَقْلِمْنَ taqlimna	يَقْلِمْنَ yaqlimna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَقْلِمَ ʔaqlima	تَقْلِمَ taqlima	يَقْلِمَ yaqlima	تَقْلِمَا taqlimā	يَقْلِمَا yaqlimā	نَقْلِمَ naqlima	تَقْلِمُوا taqlimū	يَقْلِمُوا yaqlimū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أَقْلِمَ ʔaqlima	تَقْلِمِي taqlimī	تَقْلِمَ taqlima	تَقْلِمَا taqlimā	تَقْلِمَا taqlimā	نَقْلِمَ naqlima	تَقْلِمْنَ taqlimna	يَقْلِمْنَ yaqlimna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَقْلِمْ ʔaqlim	تَقْلِمْ taqlim	يَقْلِمْ yaqlim	تَقْلِمَا taqlimā	يَقْلِمَا yaqlimā	نَقْلِمْ naqlim	تَقْلِمُوا taqlimū	يَقْلِمُوا yaqlimū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أَقْلِمْ ʔaqlim	تَقْلِمِي taqlimī	تَقْلِمْ taqlim	تَقْلِمَا taqlimā	تَقْلِمَا taqlimā	نَقْلِمْ naqlim	تَقْلِمْنَ taqlimna	يَقْلِمْنَ yaqlimna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِقْلِمْ iqlim		اِقْلِمَا iqlimā			اِقْلِمُوا iqlimū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		اِقْلِمِي iqlimī		اِقْلِمَا iqlimā			اِقْلِمْنَ iqlimna

passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	قُلِمْتُ qulimtu	قُلِمْتَ qulimta	قُلِمَ qulima	قُلِمْتُمَا qulimtumā	قُلِمَا qulimā	قُلِمْنَا qulimnā	قُلِمْتُمْ qulimtum	قُلِمُوا qulimū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	قُلِمْتُ qulimtu	قُلِمْتِ qulimti	قُلِمَتْ qulimat	قُلِمْتُمَا qulimtumā	قُلِمَتَا qulimatā	قُلِمْنَا qulimnā	قُلِمْتُنَّ qulimtunna	قُلِمْنَ qulimna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُقْلَمُ ʔuqlamu	تُقْلَمُ tuqlamu	يُقْلَمُ yuqlamu	تُقْلَمَانِ tuqlamāni	يُقْلَمَانِ yuqlamāni	نُقْلَمُ nuqlamu	تُقْلَمُونَ tuqlamūna	يُقْلَمُونَ yuqlamūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُقْلَمُ ʔuqlamu	تُقْلَمِينَ tuqlamīna	تُقْلَمُ tuqlamu	تُقْلَمَانِ tuqlamāni	تُقْلَمَانِ tuqlamāni	نُقْلَمُ nuqlamu	تُقْلَمْنَ tuqlamna	يُقْلَمْنَ yuqlamna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُقْلَمَ ʔuqlama	تُقْلَمَ tuqlama	يُقْلَمَ yuqlama	تُقْلَمَا tuqlamā	يُقْلَمَا yuqlamā	نُقْلَمَ nuqlama	تُقْلَمُوا tuqlamū	يُقْلَمُوا yuqlamū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُقْلَمَ ʔuqlama	تُقْلَمِي tuqlamī	تُقْلَمَ tuqlama	تُقْلَمَا tuqlamā	تُقْلَمَا tuqlamā	نُقْلَمَ nuqlama	تُقْلَمْنَ tuqlamna	يُقْلَمْنَ yuqlamna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُقْلَمْ ʔuqlam	تُقْلَمْ tuqlam	يُقْلَمْ yuqlam	تُقْلَمَا tuqlamā	يُقْلَمَا yuqlamā	نُقْلَمْ nuqlam	تُقْلَمُوا tuqlamū	يُقْلَمُوا yuqlamū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أُقْلَمْ ʔuqlam	تُقْلَمِي tuqlamī	تُقْلَمْ tuqlam	تُقْلَمَا tuqlamā	تُقْلَمَا tuqlamā	نُقْلَمْ nuqlam	تُقْلَمْنَ tuqlamna	يُقْلَمْنَ yuqlamna

Etymology 2

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Intensive form II verb derived from form I verbقَلَمَ(qalama,“tocut”).

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key):/qal.la.ma/

Verb

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قَلَّمَ• (qallama)II (non-pastيُقَلِّمُ(yuqallimu),verbal nounتَقْلِيم(taqlīm))

tocut much or frequently
tostriate, tostripe

Conjugation

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Conjugation ofقَلَّمَ (II, sound, full passive, verbal nounتَقْلِيم)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					تَقْلِيم taqlīm
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					مُقَلِّم muqallim
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول					مُقَلَّم muqallam
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	قَلَّمْتُ qallamtu	قَلَّمْتَ qallamta	قَلَّمَ qallama	قَلَّمْتُمَا qallamtumā	قَلَّمَا qallamā	قَلَّمْنَا qallamnā	قَلَّمْتُمْ qallamtum	قَلَّمُوا qallamū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	قَلَّمْتُ qallamtu	قَلَّمْتِ qallamti	قَلَّمَتْ qallamat	قَلَّمْتُمَا qallamtumā	قَلَّمَتَا qallamatā	قَلَّمْنَا qallamnā	قَلَّمْتُنَّ qallamtunna	قَلَّمْنَ qallamna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُقَلِّمُ ʔuqallimu	تُقَلِّمُ tuqallimu	يُقَلِّمُ yuqallimu	تُقَلِّمَانِ tuqallimāni	يُقَلِّمَانِ yuqallimāni	نُقَلِّمُ nuqallimu	تُقَلِّمُونَ tuqallimūna	يُقَلِّمُونَ yuqallimūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُقَلِّمُ ʔuqallimu	تُقَلِّمِينَ tuqallimīna	تُقَلِّمُ tuqallimu	تُقَلِّمَانِ tuqallimāni	تُقَلِّمَانِ tuqallimāni	نُقَلِّمُ nuqallimu	تُقَلِّمْنَ tuqallimna	يُقَلِّمْنَ yuqallimna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُقَلِّمَ ʔuqallima	تُقَلِّمَ tuqallima	يُقَلِّمَ yuqallima	تُقَلِّمَا tuqallimā	يُقَلِّمَا yuqallimā	نُقَلِّمَ nuqallima	تُقَلِّمُوا tuqallimū	يُقَلِّمُوا yuqallimū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُقَلِّمَ ʔuqallima	تُقَلِّمِي tuqallimī	تُقَلِّمَ tuqallima	تُقَلِّمَا tuqallimā	تُقَلِّمَا tuqallimā	نُقَلِّمَ nuqallima	تُقَلِّمْنَ tuqallimna	يُقَلِّمْنَ yuqallimna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُقَلِّمْ ʔuqallim	تُقَلِّمْ tuqallim	يُقَلِّمْ yuqallim	تُقَلِّمَا tuqallimā	يُقَلِّمَا yuqallimā	نُقَلِّمْ nuqallim	تُقَلِّمُوا tuqallimū	يُقَلِّمُوا yuqallimū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أُقَلِّمْ ʔuqallim	تُقَلِّمِي tuqallimī	تُقَلِّمْ tuqallim	تُقَلِّمَا tuqallimā	تُقَلِّمَا tuqallimā	نُقَلِّمْ nuqallim	تُقَلِّمْنَ tuqallimna	يُقَلِّمْنَ yuqallimna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		قَلِّمْ qallim		قَلِّمَا qallimā			قَلِّمُوا qallimū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		قَلِّمِي qallimī		قَلِّمَا qallimā			قَلِّمْنَ qallimna

passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	قُلِّمْتُ qullimtu	قُلِّمْتَ qullimta	قُلِّمَ qullima	قُلِّمْتُمَا qullimtumā	قُلِّمَا qullimā	قُلِّمْنَا qullimnā	قُلِّمْتُمْ qullimtum	قُلِّمُوا qullimū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	قُلِّمْتُ qullimtu	قُلِّمْتِ qullimti	قُلِّمَتْ qullimat	قُلِّمْتُمَا qullimtumā	قُلِّمَتَا qullimatā	قُلِّمْنَا qullimnā	قُلِّمْتُنَّ qullimtunna	قُلِّمْنَ qullimna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُقَلَّمُ ʔuqallamu	تُقَلَّمُ tuqallamu	يُقَلَّمُ yuqallamu	تُقَلَّمَانِ tuqallamāni	يُقَلَّمَانِ yuqallamāni	نُقَلَّمُ nuqallamu	تُقَلَّمُونَ tuqallamūna	يُقَلَّمُونَ yuqallamūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُقَلَّمُ ʔuqallamu	تُقَلَّمِينَ tuqallamīna	تُقَلَّمُ tuqallamu	تُقَلَّمَانِ tuqallamāni	تُقَلَّمَانِ tuqallamāni	نُقَلَّمُ nuqallamu	تُقَلَّمْنَ tuqallamna	يُقَلَّمْنَ yuqallamna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُقَلَّمَ ʔuqallama	تُقَلَّمَ tuqallama	يُقَلَّمَ yuqallama	تُقَلَّمَا tuqallamā	يُقَلَّمَا yuqallamā	نُقَلَّمَ nuqallama	تُقَلَّمُوا tuqallamū	يُقَلَّمُوا yuqallamū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُقَلَّمَ ʔuqallama	تُقَلَّمِي tuqallamī	تُقَلَّمَ tuqallama	تُقَلَّمَا tuqallamā	تُقَلَّمَا tuqallamā	نُقَلَّمَ nuqallama	تُقَلَّمْنَ tuqallamna	يُقَلَّمْنَ yuqallamna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُقَلَّمْ ʔuqallam	تُقَلَّمْ tuqallam	يُقَلَّمْ yuqallam	تُقَلَّمَا tuqallamā	يُقَلَّمَا yuqallamā	نُقَلَّمْ nuqallam	تُقَلَّمُوا tuqallamū	يُقَلَّمُوا yuqallamū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أُقَلَّمْ ʔuqallam	تُقَلَّمِي tuqallamī	تُقَلَّمْ tuqallam	تُقَلَّمَا tuqallamā	تُقَلَّمَا tuqallamā	نُقَلَّمْ nuqallam	تُقَلَّمْنَ tuqallamna	يُقَلَّمْنَ yuqallamna

References

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Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “قلم”, inThe Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎^[1], London: W.H. Allen

Etymology 3

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FromAncient Greekκάλαμος(kálamos,“reed”).Nöldeke andJeffery are convinced that it comes thence viaGe'ezቀለም(ḳäläm,“reed”), whileLeslau notes thatቀለም(ḳäläm,“reed”) could come from Arabic. But the meaning “reed” – referring to a plant – is not actually attested for the Arabic word, and given the peculiar semantics in Ge'ez where the wordቀለም(ḳäläm) is mixed into the root ofቀለመ(ḳälämä,“tocolor, tostain, towrite”) and as well means “color”, “ink”, “inkstand”, as Leslau separates himself, a Ge'ez origin can explain why in Arabic the meaning is restricted to “pen” in the beginning compared with theAncient Greekκάλαμος(kálamos) meaning “reed cane” in general.

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key):/qa.lam/
- (Egyptian)IPA^(key):/ʔa.lam/
- (Kuwait)IPA^(key):/qələm/
- (Hijazi)IPA^(key):/ɡa.lam/
- (Tunisian)IPA^(key):/qlam/
- (Moroccan)IPA^(key):/qa.lam/
- (North Levantine)IPA^(key):/ʔa.lam/

Noun

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قَلَم• (qalam) m (pluralأَقْلَام(ʔaqlām))

pen, reed pen
pencil
قَلَمرَصَاص ―qalam raṣāṣ ―pencil
writing,script, calligraphic style,ductus,handwriting
style
office,bureau,agency
window,counter
(The addition ofquotations indicative of this usage is being sought:)(commerce)item,entry
(The addition ofquotations indicative of this usage is being sought:)stripe,streak,line,bar,stria
[withبِـ]بِقَلَم(biqalam):written by (often used to indicate the writer of an article)

Declension

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Declension of nounقَلَم (qalam)
singular	basic singulartriptote
singular	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	قَلَم qalam	الْقَلَم al-qalam	قَلَم qalam
nominative	قَلَمٌ qalamun	الْقَلَمُ al-qalamu	قَلَمُ qalamu
accusative	قَلَمًا qalaman	الْقَلَمَ al-qalama	قَلَمَ qalama
genitive	قَلَمٍ qalamin	الْقَلَمِ al-qalami	قَلَمِ qalami
dual	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	قَلَمَيْن qalamayn	الْقَلَمَيْن al-qalamayn	قَلَمَيْ qalamay
nominative	قَلَمَانِ qalamāni	الْقَلَمَانِ al-qalamāni	قَلَمَا qalamā
accusative	قَلَمَيْنِ qalamayni	الْقَلَمَيْنِ al-qalamayni	قَلَمَيْ qalamay
genitive	قَلَمَيْنِ qalamayni	الْقَلَمَيْنِ al-qalamayni	قَلَمَيْ qalamay
plural	basicbroken plural triptote
plural	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	أَقْلَام ʔaqlām	الْأَقْلَام al-ʔaqlām	أَقْلَام ʔaqlām
nominative	أَقْلَامٌ ʔaqlāmun	الْأَقْلَامُ al-ʔaqlāmu	أَقْلَامُ ʔaqlāmu
accusative	أَقْلَامًا ʔaqlāman	الْأَقْلَامَ al-ʔaqlāma	أَقْلَامَ ʔaqlāma
genitive	أَقْلَامٍ ʔaqlāmin	الْأَقْلَامِ al-ʔaqlāmi	أَقْلَامِ ʔaqlāmi

Descendants

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Egyptian Arabic:قلم(ʾalam)
Gulf Arabic:قلم(qalam)
Hijazi Arabic:قلم(galam)
Moroccan Arabic:قلم(qalam)
South Levantine Arabic:قلم(ʔalam)
→ Afar:galám
→ Azerbaijani:qələm
→ Bashkir:ҡәләм(qələm)
→ Dungan:гэран(geran),гәран(gəran),галан(galan)
→ Kyrgyz:калем(kalem)
→ Kazakh:қалам(qalam)
→ Northern Kurdish:qelem
→ Malay:kalam
- Indonesian:kalam
→ Middle Armenian:ղալամ(ġalam),խալամ(xalam)
→ Old Georgian:კალამი(ḳalami)
- Georgian:კალამი(ḳalami),ყალამი(q̇alami)
→ Ottoman Turkish:قلم(kalem),գալէմ(kalem) —Armeno-Turkish
- Turkish:kalem
- → Armenian:խալեմ(xalem)
- → Ladino:kalem
- → Serbo-Croatian:kàlem /ка̀лем
→ Persian:قلم(qalam) (see there for further descendants)
→ Somali:qalin
→ Swahili:kalamu
- → Luo:kalam
→ Uyghur:قەلەم(qelem)
→ Zazaki:qeleme

References

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Ahrens, Karl (1930) “Christliches im Qoran. Eine Nachlese”, inZeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft‎^[2] (in German), volume84,page24
Jeffery, Arthur (1938) “قَلَمٌ”, inThe Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series;79), Baroda: Oriental Institute,pages242–243
Leslau, Wolf (1991) “qalama”, inComparative Dictionary of Geʿez (Classical Ethiopic), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz,→ISBN,pages428–429
Löw, Immanuel (1928)Die Flora der Juden‎^[3] (in German), volume 1, Wien und Leipzig: R. Löwit,pages662–685
Nöldeke, Theodor (1910)Neue Beiträge zur semitischen Sprachwissenschaft‎^[4] (in German), Straßburg: Karl J. Trübner,→DOI,page50

Etymology 4

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Pronunciation

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IPA^(key):/qalm/

Noun

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قَلْم• (qalm) m

verbal noun ofقَلَمَ(qalama) (form I)

Declension

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Declension of nounقَلْم (qalm)
singular	basic singulartriptote
singular	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	قَلْم qalm	الْقَلْم al-qalm	قَلْم qalm
nominative	قَلْمٌ qalmun	الْقَلْمُ al-qalmu	قَلْمُ qalmu
accusative	قَلْمًا qalman	الْقَلْمَ al-qalma	قَلْمَ qalma
genitive	قَلْمٍ qalmin	الْقَلْمِ al-qalmi	قَلْمِ qalmi

References

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Freytag, Georg (1835) “قلم”, inLexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎^[5] (in Latin), volume 3, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke,page492
Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “قلم”, inThe Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎^[6], London: W.H. Allen, pages853–854
Wehr, Hans (1979) “قلم”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor,A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services,→ISBN, page922

Egyptian Arabic

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Etymology

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FromArabicقَلَم(qalam).

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key):/ʔa.lam/

Noun

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قلم• (ʾalam) m (pluralأقلام(aʾlām))

Gulf Arabic

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Etymology

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FromArabicقَلَم(qalam).

Pronunciation

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(Kuwait)IPA^(key):/ˈqələm/
(historical or regional)IPA^(key):/ˈɡələm/

Noun

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قَلَم• (qalam) m (beforeil-قَلَم(qalam),pluralاقلام(aqlām))

pen
Synonym:قلم حبر
pencil
Synonym:قلم رصاص

Hijazi Arabic

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Etymology

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FromArabicقَلَم(qalam).

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key):/ɡa.lam/

Noun

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قلم• (galam) m (pluralأقلام(ʔaglām))

pen
Synonym:قلم حبر(galam ḥibir)
pencil
Synonym:قلم رصاص(galam ruṣāṣ)

Munji

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Noun

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قلم (qalam)

Ottoman Turkish

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Alternative forms

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գալէմ(kalem) —Armeno-Turkish

Etymology

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Borrowed fromArabicقَلَم(qalam,“pen, reed pen”), itself fromAncient Greekκάλαμος(kálamos,“reed”).

Noun

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قلم• (kalem) (pluralقلامorاقلام)

reed, especially whencut anddried for use
Synonym:خامه(hame)
(botany) anyjointed andhollow stem of aplant
(botany) anyslip orcutting taken from aplant forrooting orgrafting
pen, atubular tool originally made fromreeds used for writing
Synonym:خامه(hame)
pencil, a writingutensil with agraphite shaft
Synonym:خامه(hame)
stylus or any sharpobject similar to astylus

Derived terms

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قلمتراش(kalemtıraş,“knife for cutting reed pens”)
قلمجی(kalemci,“seller of reeds for pens”)
قلمدان(kalemdan,“pen-case”)
قلمی(kalemî,“shaped like a reed”)

Descendants

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Turkish:kalem
→ Armenian:խալեմ(xalem)
→ Ladino:kalem
→ Serbo-Croatian:kàlem /ка̀лем

Persian

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PersianWikipedia has an article on:

قلم

Wikipedia^fa

Etymology

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Borrowed fromArabicقَلَم(qalam), fromAncient Greekκάλαμος(kálamos,“reed”).

Pronunciation

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(Classical Persian)IPA^(key):/qa.ˈlam/

(Dari, formal)IPA^(key):[qä.lǽm]

(Dari, formal)IPA^(key):[qä.lǽm]
- (Kabuli)IPA^(key):[qä.lǽm]
- (Hazaragi)IPA^(key):[qä.lǽm]

(Iran, formal)IPA^(key):[qæ.lǽm]

(Tajik, formal)IPA^(key):[qä.lǽm]

Readings
Classical reading^?	qalam
Dari reading^?	qalam
Iranian reading^?	ġalam
Tajik reading^?	qalam

Noun

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Iranian Persian	قلم
Dari	قلم
Tajik	қалам

قَلَم• (qalam) (pluralقلم‌ها,orاقلام(aqlâm))

reedpen
- c.1520,Selim I of the Ottoman Empire, edited by Benedek Péri,The Persian Dīvān of Yavuz Sulṭān Selīm, Budapest, Hungary: Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network,→ISBN, page159:
  گویی که هست شعله تیغ زبان من
  آهم که پای لوح وقلم را قلم کند
  gōyē ki hast ša'la-yi tēġ-i zabān-i man
  āham ki pā-yi lawh uqalam rā qalam kunad
  The sigh which breaks the base of the tablet and thereed pen [because the sigh of love cannot be written down]
  Is as if it were a spark from the blade of my tongue.
  (Classical Persian transliteration)
pen (in general)
(commerce)item,entry
چندینقلم جنس در مغازه داریم.
čandinqalam jens dar maġâze dârim.
We have various kinds of articles (or goods) in our store.
(computing)font

Usage notes

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Use only broken pluralاقلام(aqlâm) for the sense "item; entry".

Derived terms

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قلم کردن(qalam kardan)
قلمتراش(qalam-tarâš)
قلمدان(qalamdân)

Descendants

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Tajik:қалам(qalam)
→ Bengali:কলম(kolom)
- → Garo:kolom
→ Dhivehi:ގަލަން(galan̊)
→ Hindustani:
→ Hindi:क़लम(qalam)
→ Urdu:قلم(qalam)
- → Burmese:ကလောင်(ka.laung)
  - → Shan:ၵလွင်ႇ(kǎ làung)
→ Munji:قلم
→ Odia:କଲମ(kalama)
→ Punjabi:
Gurmukhi script:ਕ਼ਲਮ(qalam)
Shahmukhi script:قلم(qalam)
→ Sindhi:قلمُ(qalamu)

Punjabi

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Declension ofقلم
	singular	plural
direct	قلم(qlm)	قلماں(qlmāṉ)
oblique	قلم(qlm)	قلماں(qlmāṉ)
vocative	قلمے(qlme)	قلمو(qlmo)
ablative	قلموں(qlmoṉ)	قلماں(qlmāṉ)
locative	قلمی(qlmī)	قلمِیں(qlmīṉ)
instrumental	قلمِیں(qlmīṉ)	قلمے(qlme)

Sindhi

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Etymology

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FromClassical Persianقلم(qalam), fromArabicقَلَم(qalam), fromAncient Greekκάλαμος(kálamos,“reed”).

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key):[qalamʊ]

Noun

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قَلَمُ• (qalamu) m (Devanagariक़लमु) (pluralقَلَمَ)

South Levantine Arabic

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Etymology

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FromArabicقَلَم(qalam).

Pronunciation

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IPA^(key):(Ramallah)/ʔa.lam/,[ˈʔa.lam]
IPA^(key):(Gaza)/ɡa.lam/,[ˈɡa.lam]
Audio(Ramallah): (file)

Noun

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قلم• (ʔalam) m (pluralقلام(ʔlām)orأقلام(ʔaʔlām))

Urdu

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Etymology

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Borrowed fromClassical Persianقلم(qalam), fromArabicقَلَم(qalam), fromAncient Greekκάλαμος(kálamos,“reed”).

Pronunciation

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(Standard Urdu)IPA^(key):/qə.ləm/
Audio(Pakistan): (file)
Rhymes:-əm

Noun

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قَلَم• (qalam) m or f (Hindi spellingक़लम)

pen
(historical)reed pen
reed

Declension

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Declension ofقلم
	singular	plural
direct	قلم(qalam)	قلمیں(qalamẽ)
oblique	قلم(qalam)	قلموں(qalamõ)
vocative	قلم(qalam)	قلمو(qalamo)

References

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“قلم”, inاُردُو لُغَت(urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan,2017.
“قلم”, inریخْتَہ لُغَت(rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary[Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation,2025.

Yidgha

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Noun

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قلم (qalam)

Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=قلم&oldid=85532534"

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قلم

Arabic

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

References

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Descendants

References

Etymology 4

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

References

Egyptian Arabic

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Gulf Arabic

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Hijazi Arabic

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Munji

Noun

Ottoman Turkish

Alternative forms

Etymology

Noun

Derived terms

Descendants

Further reading

Persian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Usage notes

Derived terms

Descendants

Punjabi

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Sindhi

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Urdu

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

References

Yidgha

Noun