Movatterモバイル変換

κάλαμος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

καλάμη(kalámē)

Etymology

FromProto-Indo-European*ḱolh₂mos(“reed, straw”) via itszero-grade stem (such as genitive*ḱl̥h₂mós, with a shift in accent to*ḱĺ̥h₂mos), or (according to Beekes) independentlythematicized from an original ablauting paradigm*ḱólh₂-m̥ ~ *ḱl̥h₂-ém-. Cognates includeLatinculmus,Russianсоло́ма(solóma),Old Norsehalmr, andOld Englishhealm (Englishhaulm).^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key):/ká.la.mos/ →/ˈka.la.mos/ →/ˈka.la.mos/

(5^thBCE Attic)IPA^(key):/ká.la.mos/
(1^stCE Egyptian)IPA^(key):/ˈka.la.mos/
(4^thCE Koine)IPA^(key):/ˈka.la.mos/
(10^thCE Byzantine)IPA^(key):/ˈka.la.mos/
(15^thCE Constantinopolitan)IPA^(key):/ˈka.la.mos/

Noun

κᾰ́λᾰμος• (kắlămos) m (genitiveκᾰλᾰ́μου);second declension

areed
anything made ofreed orcane
1. staff,rod
2. measuring rod
3. pen
4. flute
5. shaft of anarrow
collectively, of plants, which are neitherbush, nortree

Inflection

Second declension ofὁκᾰ́λᾰμος;τοῦκᾰλᾰ́μου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁκᾰ́λᾰμος ho kắlămos	τὼκᾰλᾰ́μω tṑ kălắmō	οἱκᾰ́λᾰμοι hoi kắlămoi
Genitive	τοῦκᾰλᾰ́μου toû kălắmou	τοῖνκᾰλᾰ́μοιν toîn kălắmoin	τῶνκᾰλᾰ́μων tôn kălắmōn
Dative	τῷκᾰλᾰ́μῳ tôi kălắmōi	τοῖνκᾰλᾰ́μοιν toîn kălắmoin	τοῖςκᾰλᾰ́μοις toîs kălắmois
Accusative	τὸνκᾰ́λᾰμον tòn kắlămon	τὼκᾰλᾰ́μω tṑ kălắmō	τοὺςκᾰλᾰ́μους toùs kălắmous
Vocative	κᾰ́λᾰμε kắlăme	κᾰλᾰ́μω kălắmō	κᾰ́λᾰμοι kắlămoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, seeAppendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

καλαμάγρωστις(kalamágrōstis)
καλάμινος(kaláminos)
καλάμιον(kalámion)
κᾰλᾰμῐ́ς(kălămĭ́s)
κᾰλᾰμῐ́σκος(kălămĭ́skos)
κᾰλᾰμογρᾰφῐ́ᾱ(kălămogrăphĭ́ā)
καλαμοθήκη(kalamothḗkē)

Descendants

→ Greek:κάλαμος(kálamos)(learned)
→ Arabic:قَلَم(qalam) (see there for further descendants)
- → English:qalam
→ Old Armenian:կալամոն(kalamon)
→ Hebrew:קולמוס(kulmus),קלמרין(kalmarin) (>קלמר(kalmar))
→ Latin:calamus (see there for further descendants)
→ Sanskrit:कलम(kalama)

References

^Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “κάλαμος”, inEtymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series;10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill,→ISBN, pages621–622

Further reading

“κάλαμος”, inLiddell & Scott (1940)A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“κάλαμος”, inLiddell & Scott (1889)An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
κάλαμος inBailly, Anatole (1935)Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
Bauer, Walter et al. (2001)A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
“κάλαμος”, inSlater, William J. (1969)Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
G2563 inStrong, James (1979)Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
κάλαμος inTrapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007)Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910)English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- fishing-rod idem, page 323.
- pen idem, page 602.
- reed idem, page 684.
- rush idem, page 727.
- sedge idem, page 748.
- straw idem, page 823.
- stubble idem, page 828.

EnglishWikipedia has an article on:

Reed pen

Greek

Etymology

Learned borrowing fromAncient Greekκάλαμος(kálamos);doublet ofκαλάμι(kalámi) andκαλέμι(kalémi). Also seeκαλαμάρι(kalamári).
The figurative sense, aSemantic loan fromFrenchplume.^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key):/ˈka.la.mos/
Hyphenation:κά‧λα‧μος

Noun

κάλαμος• (kálamos) m (pluralκάλαμοι)

Declension

Declension ofκάλαμος
	singular	plural
nominative	κάλαμος(kálamos)	κάλαμοι(kálamoi)
genitive	καλάμου(kalámou)	καλάμων(kalámon)
accusative	κάλαμο(kálamo)	καλάμους(kalámous)
vocative	κάλαμε(kálame)	κάλαμοι(kálamoi)

Related terms

καλάμι n(kalámi,“reed, fishing rod, shin”) &related e.g.καλαμιά f(kalamiá,“reed”),καλαμάκι n(kalamáki,“small rod, skewer”)
καλαμοειδής(kalamoeidís)
Κάλαμος m(Kálamos)(placename, especially of resort near Athens)
καλαμώδης m(kalamódis)

See also

καλάμη f(kalámē)(ancient feminine form)
Κάλαμος (disambiguation) on the Greek Wikipedia.Wikipedia^el

References

^κάλαμος, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at theCentre for the Greek language

Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=κάλαμος&oldid=83559020"

Hidden categories:

[8]ページ先頭

©2009-2025 Movatter.jp